django,flask接口初试

Posted 2020-11-01 不爱贞子爱爽子

-------------django

1、需要安装的环境
pip install django
pip install djangorestframework    ## restful组件
pip install markdown      ## 将文本渲染成html
pip install django-filter    ##  查询插件
2、创建项目
## django-admin startproject api
## cd api
## python manage.py startapp app
3、配置settings.py文件
## INSTALLED_APPS 
INSTALLED_APPS = [
\'django.contrib.admin\',
\'django.contrib.auth\',
\'django.contrib.contenttypes\',
\'django.contrib.sessions\',
\'django.contrib.messages\',
\'django.contrib.staticfiles\',
\'django_api.apps.DjangoApiConfig\',
\'app\',   ##引入app
\'rest_framework\'   ## 引restful组件
]
## 配置数据库  mysql
DATABASES = {
    \'default\': {
        \'ENGINE\': \'django.db.backends.mysql\',
        \'NAME\': \'api\',
        \'USER\': \'root\',
        \'PASSWORD\': \'root\',
        \'HOST\': \'127.0.0.1\'
    }
}
4、建表models.py    /app/models.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals

# Create your models here.
from django.db import models
class Type(models.Model):
    \'\'\'type\'\'\'
    ###设置名称，去除前缀
    class Meta:
        db_table = "type"
    type_name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    pub_date = models.DateField()
    def __str__(self):
        return \'%s\' % self.type_name

class Autor(models.Model):
    \'\'\'作者\'\'\'
    GENDER_CHOICES = (
        (u\'M\', u\'Male\'),
        (u\'F\', u\'Female\'),
    )
    class Meta:
        db_table = "autor"
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    gender = models.CharField(max_length=2, choices=GENDER_CHOICES, default=\'M\')
    def __str__(self):
        return \'%s\' % self.name

class Book(models.Model):
    \'\'\'book\'\'\'
    class Meta:
        db_table = "book"
    type = models.ForeignKey(Type)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    description = models.TextField()
    autor = models.ForeignKey(Autor)
    src = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    pub_date =models.DateField()
    def __str__(self):
        return \'%s\' % self.name

class Music(models.Model):
    \'\'\'music\'\'\'
    class Meta:
        db_table = \'music\'
    type = models.ForeignKey(Type)
    name =models.CharField(max_length=200)
    src = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    pub_date = models.DateField()
    def __str__(self):
        return \'%s\' % self.name
建立了四张表type,autor,book,music
5、新建序列化文件serializer.py    /app/serializer.py

from app.models import Type,Autor,Book,Music
from rest_framework import serializers

class TypeSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Type
        fields = (\'type_name\', \'pub_date\')

class BookSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Book
        fields = (\'type\',\'name\',\'description\',\'autor\',\'src\',\'pub_date\')

class MusicSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Music
        fields = (\'type\',\'name\',\'src\',\'pub_date\')
class AutorSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Autor
        fields = (\'name\',\'gender\')
6、修改视图文件views.py   /app/views.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import unicode_literals

from django.contrib.auth.models import User, Group
from app.models import Type,Book,Autor,Music
from rest_framework import viewsets
from app.serializers import TypeSerializer,BookSerializer,MusicSerializer,AutorSerializer

class TypeViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Type.objects.all()
    serializer_class = TypeSerializer

class AutorViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Autor.objects.all()
    serializer_class = AutorSerializer

class BookViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookSerializer

class MusicViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Music.objects.all()
    serializer_class = MusicSerializer
7、生成路由
a、 urls.py   /api/urls.py
from django.conf.urls import url,include
from django.contrib import admin
from app import  rest_urls
urlpatterns = [
    url(r\'^admin/\', admin.site.urls),
    url(r\'^api/\', include(rest_urls)),
]
b.在app下新建rest_urls.py   /app/rest_urls.py
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from rest_framework import routers
from app import views

router = routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register(r\'users\', views.UserViewSet)
router.register(r\'groups\', views.GroupViewSet)
router.register(r\'types\', views.TypeViewSet)
router.register(r\'autors\', views.AutorViewSet)
router.register(r\'books\', views.BookViewSet)
router.register(r\'musics\', views.MusicViewSet)
urlpatterns = [
    url(r\'^\', include(router.urls)),
    url(r\'^api-auth/\', include(\'rest_framework.urls\', namespace=\'rest_framework\'))
]\\
8、运行python manage.py runserver

以types为例
http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/types/ 显示type表所有数据
post http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/types/ 为type表新增数据
http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/types/1/ 显示type表id=1的数据
put http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/types/1/ 更新type表id=1的字段数据
delete http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/types/1/ 删除type表id=1的数据

-------------flask
1、安装flask和搭建web环境
pip install flask
。。。
以前的博客已经写过了。
2、创建项目

3、创建模型  modles.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from app import db

## 类型表
class Type(db.Model):
   __tablename__ = \'type\'
   id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
   type_name = db.Column(db.String(50))
   pub_date = db.Column(db.Date)
   def __repr__(self):
      return \'<Type %r>\' % self.type_name
   def get_info(self):
      obj = db.session.execute(\'select * from type\').fetchall()
      return obj
## autor
class Autor(db.Model):
   M = \'m\'
   F = \'F\'
   __tablename__ = \'autor\'
   id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
   name = db.Column(db.String(100))
   gender = db.Column(db.String, default= M)
   src = db.Column(db.String(200))
   pub_date = db.Column(db.Date)
class Book(db.Model):
   __tablename__ = \'book\'
   id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
   name = db.Column(db.String(200))
   description = db.Column(db.Text)
   type_id =  db.Column(db.Integer,db.ForeignKey(\'type.id\'))
   autor_id = db.Column(db.Integer, db.ForeignKey(\'autor.id\'))
   src = db.Column(db.String(200))
   pub_date = db.Column(db.Date)
class Music(db.Model):
   __tablename__ = \'music\'
   id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
   name = db.Column(db.String(200))
   type_id = db.Column(db.Integer,db.ForeignKey(\'type.id\'))
   src = db.Column(db.String(200))
   pub_date = db.Column(db.Date)
4、序列化文件serializers.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from marshmallow import Schema, fields

###admin表
class TypeSchema(Schema):
   id = fields.Int()
   type_name = fields.Str()
   pub_date = fields.Str()
5、视图文件  main/views.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from flask import jsonify,abort,request,redirect
from .. import db
from ..models import Type
from . import main
from ..serializers import TypeSchema
import datetime
###定义login表单

@main.route(\'/api/v1.0/types/\', methods=[\'GET\',\'POST\'])
def get_types():
   if request.method==\'GET\':
      types = Type.query.all()
      ## -----way 1
      # list = []
      # dict = {}
      # for v in types:
      #  a = {
      #        \'id\': v.id,
      #        \'type_name\': v.type_name,
      #        \'pub_date\': v.pub_date
      #  }
      #  list.append(a)
      # dict[\'types\'] = list
      # return jsonify(dict)

      ## way 2
      schema = TypeSchema(many = True)
      list = schema.dump(types)
      return jsonify(list)
   else:
      if request.values.get(\'pub_date\'):
         pub_date = request.values.get(\'pub_date\')
      else:
         pub_date =datetime.date()

      if request.values.get(\'type_name\'):
         type_name = request.values.get(\'type_name\')
      else:
         type_name =\'\'
      type = Type(type_name = type_name,pub_date = pub_date)
      db.session.add(type)
      db.session.commit()
      redirect(\'/api/v1.0/types/\')
@main.route(\'/api/v1.0/types/<int:id>\', methods=[\'GET\',\'PUT\',\'DELETE\'])
def get_type(id):
   if request.method ==\'GET\':
      type = Type.query.filter_by(id=id).first()
      if type == \'\':
         abort(404)
      schema = TypeSchema()
      type = schema.dump(type)
      return jsonify({\'type\': type})
   elif request.method ==\'PUT\':
      try:
         id = request.values.get(\'id\')
      except:
         abort(404)
      if request.values.get(\'type_name\'):
         type_name = request.values.get(\'type_name\')
      else:
         pass
      if request.values.get(\'pub_date\'):
         pub_date = request.values.get(\'pub_date\')
      else:
         pass
   else:
      ## 删除
      pass

----基本是这样，flask-restful这个库还没有使用过，可以尝试下。
----资料来源于网络，flask官方文档。