学习四十四

Posted 2020-11-01

12.6 nginx安装
12.7 默认虚拟主机
12.8 Nginx用户认证
12.9 Nginx域名重定向

扩展
nginx.conf 配置详解 http://www.ha97.com/5194.html http://my.oschina.net/duxuefeng/blog/34880
nginx rewrite四种flag http://www.netingcn.com/nginx-rewrite-flag.html http://unixman.blog.51cto.com/10163040/1711943

Nginx安装

cd /usr/local/src
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz
tar zxf nginx-1.12.1.tar.gz
cd /usr/local/src/nginx-1.12.1
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
make && make install
vim /etc/init.d/nginx //复制如下内容（参考https://coding.net/u/aminglinux/p/aminglinux-book/git/blob/master/D15Z/etc_init.d_nginx ）
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx
chkconfig --add nginx
chkconfig nginx on
cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/; mv nginx.conf nginx.conf.bak
vim nginx.conf //写入如下内容（参考https://coding.net/u/aminglinux/p/aminglinux-book/git/blob/master/D15Z/nginx.conf）
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
/etc/init.d/nginx start
netstat -lntp |grep 80
测试php解析
vi /usr/local/nginx/html/1.php //加入如下内容
<?php
echo "test php scripts.";
?>
curl localhost/1.php

默认虚拟主机

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf //增加
include vhost/*.conf
mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost
cd !$;
vim default.conf //加入如下内容
server
{
listen 80 default_server; // 有这个标记的就是默认虚拟主机
server_name aaa.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data/wwwroot/default;
}
mkdir -p /data/wwwroot/default/
echo “This is a default site.”>/data/wwwroot/default/index.html
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
curl localhost
curl -x127.0.0.1:80 123.com

Nginx用户认证

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test.com.conf//写入如下内容
server
{
listen 80;
server_name test.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data/wwwroot/test.com;

location /
{
auth_basic "Auth";
auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd;
}
}
yum install -y httpd
htpasswd -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd aming
-t && -s reload //测试配置并重新加载
mkdir /data/wwwroot/test.com
echo “test.com”>/data/wwwroot/test.com/index.html
curl -x127.0.0.1:80 test.com -I//状态码为401说明需要验证
curl -uaming:passwd 访问状态码变为200

编辑windows的hosts文件，然后在浏览器中访问test.com会有输入用户、密码的弹窗
针对目录的用户认证
location /admin/
{
auth_basic "Auth";
auth_basic_user_file /usr/local/nginx/conf/htpasswd;
}

Nginx域名重定向

更改test.com.conf
server
{
listen 80;
server_name test.com test1.com test2.com;
index index.html index.htm index.php;
root /data/wwwroot/test.com;
if ($host != ‘test.com‘ ) {
rewrite ^/(.*)$ http://test.com/$1 permanent;
}
}
server_name后面支持写多个域名，这里要和httpd的做一个对比
permanent为永久重定向，状态码为301，如果写redirect则为302