nginx https ssl 设置受信任证书[原创]

Posted 2020-07-09 风与叶子

1. 安装nginx 支持ssl模块

http://nginx.org/en/docs/configure.html

yum -y install openssh openssh-devel (http_ssl_module 模块依赖openssh)


./configure
    --sbin-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx
    --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf
    --pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid
    --with-http_ssl_module
    --with-pcre=../pcre-8.38
    --with-zlib=../zlib-1.2.8

2. 配置nginx

http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/configuring_https_servers.html

server {
    listen              443 ssl;
    server_name         www.example.com;
    ssl_certificate     www.example.com.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key www.example.com.key;
    ssl_protocols       TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_ciphers         HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    ...
}

3.生成本地证书

#!/bin/sh

# create self-signed server certificate:

read -p "Enter your domain [www.example.com]: " DOMAIN

echo "Create server key..."

openssl genrsa -des3 -out $DOMAIN.key 1024

echo "Create server certificate signing request..."

SUBJECT="/C=US/ST=Mars/L=iTranswarp/O=iTranswarp/OU=iTranswarp/CN=$DOMAIN"

openssl req -new -subj $SUBJECT -key $DOMAIN.key -out $DOMAIN.csr

echo "Remove password..."

mv $DOMAIN.key $DOMAIN.origin.key
openssl rsa -in $DOMAIN.origin.key -out $DOMAIN.key

echo "Sign SSL certificate..."

openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -in $DOMAIN.csr -signkey $DOMAIN.key -out $DOMAIN.crt

echo "TODO:"
echo "Copy $DOMAIN.crt to /etc/nginx/ssl/$DOMAIN.crt"
echo "Copy $DOMAIN.key to /etc/nginx/ssl/$DOMAIN.key"
echo "Add configuration in nginx:"
echo "server {"
echo "    ..."
echo "    listen 443 ssl;"
echo "    ssl_certificate     /etc/nginx/ssl/$DOMAIN.crt;"
echo "    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/$DOMAIN.key;"
echo "}"

在当前目录下会创建出4个文件：

• www.test.com.crt：自签名的证书
• www.test.com.csr：证书的请求
• www.test.com.key：不带口令的Key
• www.test.com.origin.key：带口令的Key

Web服务器需要把www.test.com.crt发给浏览器验证，然后用www.test.com.key解密浏览器发送的数据，剩下两个文件不需要上传到Web服务器上。

以Nginx为例，需要在server {...}中配置：

server {
    ...
    ssl on;
    ssl_certificate     /etc/nginx/ssl/www.test.com.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/www.test.com.key;
}

如果一切顺利，打开浏览器，就可以通过HTTPS访问网站。第一次访问时会出现警告（因为我们的自签名证书不被浏览器信任），把证书通过浏览器导入到系统（Windows使用IE导入，Mac使用Safari导入）并设置为“受信任”，以后该电脑访问网站就可以安全地连接Web服务器了：

 

server {

    listen 443;
    server_name www.xxx.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php default.html default.htm default.php;
    root  /var/www;

    include yb.conf;
    #error_page   404   /404.html;
    location ~ [^/]\\.php(/|$)
    {
        # comment try_files $uri =404; to enable pathinfo
        try_files $uri =404;
        fastcgi_pass  unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        include fastcgi.conf;
        #include pathinfo.conf;
    }

    location ~ .*\\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
    {
        expires      30d;
    }

    location ~ .*\\.(js|css)?$
    {
        expires      12h;
    }

    access_log  /var/wwwlogs/www.xxx.com.log  access;

    ssl on; 
    ssl_certificate /var/www/conf/xxx_com.crt; 
    ssl_certificate_key /var/www/conf/server.key;
}

server {
        listen 80;
        server_name xxx.com www.xxx.com;
        rewrite ^(.*) https://$server_name$1 permanent;
}

 

4. 证书怎样永久有效，第一种买商业授权，几百刀一年，第二种免费的，时间短

https://www.startssl.com/ 去这个网站注册账号，然后校验你要生成的域名的证书

 

 

点击下一步，最后完成后，将证书下载到本地，

解压后， .crt 就是官方提供的证书了，将其配置到 你的 nginx[根据你用的服务器而定] 上就可以了，

如果全站需要 https,则 需要 将80的所有请求 重定向到 443端口上即可。