INI文件解析源码及使用简介

Posted 2020-10-31 忠诚的卫士

一：环境配置

1、 下载函数库：

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1ZOpa2og_QQy-MnHNQg7N1w 密码：neez

2、解压文件会得到以下文件，其中dictionary.h、iniparser.h 、dictionary.c 、iniparser.c为对应的库文件，ini_test为测试函数，test.ini为需要解析的配置文件。

3、  该代码已经分别在windows系统下VisualStudio 和 Ubuntu系统下eclipse进行了测试，都能成功运行。只需分别将头文件和源文件添加到新建的工程中即可。运行之前先要把Init_test中  iniparser_load("/.../test.ini")函数的路径改成和 配置文件test.ini实际存储位置一致。

二：函数介绍

1、 INI文件格式

INI文件由3个重要的部分组成:段(section) ，参数(parameters)，和注释(comments).其格式如下：

段(section) 

[section]

参数(parameters) 

key  =  value;

注释(comments) 

;comments

 

如解压得到的test.ini文件内容：

2、 常用函数简介：

/*
 * iniparser.h
 *
 *  Created on: Apr 13, 2018
 *      Author: lgh
 */

#ifndef INIPARSER_H_
#define INIPARSER_H_


#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include "dictionary.h"

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief    Get number of sections in a dictionary
@param    d   Dictionary to examine
@return   int Number of sections found in dictionary

This function returns the number of sections found in a dictionary.
The test to recognize sections is done on the string stored in the
dictionary: a section name is given as "section" whereas a key is
stored as "section:key", thus the test looks for entries that do not
contain a colon.

This clearly fails in the case a section name contains a colon, but
this should simply be avoided.

This function returns -1 in case of error.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

int iniparser_getnsec(dictionary * d);


/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief    Get name for section n in a dictionary.
@param    d   Dictionary to examine
@param    n   Section number (from 0 to nsec-1).
@return   Pointer to char string

This function locates the n-th section in a dictionary and returns
its name as a pointer to a string statically allocated inside the
dictionary. Do not free or modify the returned string!

This function returns NULL in case of error.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

char * iniparser_getsecname(dictionary * d, int n);


/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief    Save a dictionary to a loadable ini file
@param    d   Dictionary to dump
@param    f   Opened file pointer to dump to
@return   void

This function dumps a given dictionary into a loadable ini file.
It is Ok to specify @c stderr or @c stdout as output files.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

void iniparser_dump_ini(dictionary * d, FILE * f);

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief    Save a dictionary section to a loadable ini file
@param    d   Dictionary to dump
@param    s   Section name of dictionary to dump
@param    f   Opened file pointer to dump to
@return   void

This function dumps a given section of a given dictionary into a loadable ini
file.  It is Ok to specify @c stderr or @c stdout as output files.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

void iniparser_dumpsection_ini(dictionary * d, char * s, FILE * f);

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief    Dump a dictionary to an opened file pointer.
@param    d   Dictionary to dump.
@param    f   Opened file pointer to dump to.
@return   void

This function prints out the contents of a dictionary, one element by
line, onto the provided file pointer. It is OK to specify @c stderr
or @c stdout as output files. This function is meant for debugging
purposes mostly.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void iniparser_dump(dictionary * d, FILE * f);

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief    Get the number of keys in a section of a dictionary.
@param    d   Dictionary to examine
@param    s   Section name of dictionary to examine
@return   Number of keys in section
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int iniparser_getsecnkeys(dictionary * d, char * s);

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief    Get the number of keys in a section of a dictionary.
@param    d   Dictionary to examine
@param    s   Section name of dictionary to examine
@return   pointer to statically allocated character strings

This function queries a dictionary and finds all keys in a given section.
Each pointer in the returned char pointer-to-pointer is pointing to
a string allocated in the dictionary; do not free or modify them.

This function returns NULL in case of error.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
char ** iniparser_getseckeys(dictionary * d, char * s);

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief    Get the string associated to a key
@param    d       Dictionary to search
@param    key     Key string to look for
@param    def     Default value to return if key not found.
@return   pointer to statically allocated character string

This function queries a dictionary for a key. A key as read from an
ini file is given as "section:key". If the key cannot be found,
the pointer passed as \'def\' is returned.
The returned char pointer is pointing to a string allocated in
the dictionary, do not free or modify it.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
char * iniparser_getstring(dictionary * d, const char * key, char * def);

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief    Get the string associated to a key, convert to an int
@param    d Dictionary to search
@param    key Key string to look for
@param    notfound Value to return in case of error
@return   integer

This function queries a dictionary for a key. A key as read from an
ini file is given as "section:key". If the key cannot be found,
the notfound value is returned.

Supported values for integers include the usual C notation
so decimal, octal (starting with 0) and hexadecimal (starting with 0x)
are supported. Examples:

- "42"      ->  42
- "042"     ->  34 (octal -> decimal)
- "0x42"    ->  66 (hexa  -> decimal)

Warning: the conversion may overflow in various ways. Conversion is
totally outsourced to strtol(), see the associated man page for overflow
handling.

Credits: Thanks to A. Becker for suggesting strtol()
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int iniparser_getint(dictionary * d, const char * key, int notfound);

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief    Get the string associated to a key, convert to a double
@param    d Dictionary to search
@param    key Key string to look for
@param    notfound Value to return in case of error
@return   double

This function queries a dictionary for a key. A key as read from an
ini file is given as "section:key". If the key cannot be found,
the notfound value is returned.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
double iniparser_getdouble(dictionary * d, const char * key, double notfound);

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief    Get the string associated to a key, convert to a boolean
@param    d Dictionary to search
@param    key Key string to look for
@param    notfound Value to return in case of error
@return   integer

This function queries a dictionary for a key. A key as read from an
ini file is given as "section:key". If the key cannot be found,
the notfound value is returned.

A true boolean is found if one of the following is matched:

- A string starting with \'y\'
- A string starting with \'Y\'
- A string starting with \'t\'
- A string starting with \'T\'
- A string starting with \'1\'

A false boolean is found if one of the following is matched:

- A string starting with \'n\'
- A string starting with \'N\'
- A string starting with \'f\'
- A string starting with \'F\'
- A string starting with \'0\'

The notfound value returned if no boolean is identified, does not
necessarily have to be 0 or 1.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int iniparser_getboolean(dictionary * d, const char * key, int notfound);


/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief    Set an entry in a dictionary.
@param    ini     Dictionary to modify.
@param    entry   Entry to modify (entry name)
@param    val     New value to associate to the entry.
@return   int 0 if Ok, -1 otherwise.

If the given entry can be found in the dictionary, it is modified to
contain the provided value. If it cannot be found, -1 is returned.
It is Ok to set val to NULL.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int iniparser_set(dictionary * ini, const char * entry, const char * val);


/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief    Delete an entry in a dictionary
@param    ini     Dictionary to modify
@param    entry   Entry to delete (entry name)
@return   void

If the given entry can be found, it is deleted from the dictionary.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void iniparser_unset(dictionary * ini, const char * entry);

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief    Finds out if a given entry exists in a dictionary
@param    ini     Dictionary to search
@param    entry   Name of the entry to look for
@return   integer 1 if entry exists, 0 otherwise

Finds out if a given entry exists in the dictionary. Since sections
are stored as keys with NULL associated values, this is the only way
of querying for the presence of sections in a dictionary.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
int iniparser_find_entry(dictionary * ini, const char * entry);

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief    Parse an ini file and return an allocated dictionary object
@param    ininame Name of the ini file to read.
@return   Pointer to newly allocated dictionary

This is the parser for ini files. This function is called, providing
the name of the file to be read. It returns a dictionary object that
should not be accessed directly, but through accessor functions
instead.

The returned dictionary must be freed using iniparser_freedict().
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
dictionary * iniparser_load(const char * ininame);

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/**
@brief    Free all memory associated to an ini dictionary
@param    d Dictionary to free
@return   void

Free all memory associated to an ini dictionary.
It is mandatory to call this function before the dictionary object
gets out of the current context.
*/
/*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
void iniparser_freedict(dictionary * d);



#endif /* INIPARSER_H_ */