Matlab绘图基础——用print函数保存图片(Print figure or save to file)

Posted 2020-10-30 司徒鲜生

一、用法解析... 1

1.1. 分辨率-rnumber. 1

1.2.  输出图片的“格式”formats. 1

二、用法示例... 1

2.1. 设置输出图片的“图像纵横比”... 1

2.2. Batch Processing（图片保存“批处理”）filename. 1

1.2. 输出图片的“格式”formats. 1

一、用法解析

print(figure_handle,‘formats‘,‘-rnumber‘,‘filename‘) 

%将图形保存为formats格式,分辨率为600的（默认为72），最好指定的分辨率大一点,否则保存图形的效果较差.

1.1. 分辨率-rnumber

Use -rnumber to specify the resolution of the generated output.

To set the resolution(分辨率) of the output file for a built-in MATLAB format, use the -r switch.

l  For example, -r300 sets the output resolution to 300 dots per inch(每英寸300个点)

The –r switch is also supported for Windows Enhanced Metafiles(增强型图元文件), JPEG, TIFF and PNG files, but is not supported for Ghostscript raster formats(栅格文件).

l  For more information, see Printing and Exporting without a DisplayandResolution Considerations.

—— 来自matlab帮助“print”页中

1.2.  输出图片的“格式”formats

请参考本文末尾

二、用法示例

% Save the figure with the handle h to a PostScript file named Figure1, which can be printed later.

H = figure;   % 指定图片打印figure_handles

% 若没有figure_handle，则默认print当前显示图片

plot(1:4,5:8)

print(h,‘-dpng‘,‘-r200‘,‘Figure1‘)      % 这三行代码就够用了

2.1. 设置输出图片的“图像纵横比”

When you set the axes Position to [0 0 1 1] so that it fills the entire figure, the aspect ratio is not preserved when you print because MATLAB printing software adjusts the figure size when printing according to the figure‘s PaperPositionproperty. To preserve the image aspect ratio（图像纵横比） when printing, set the figure‘s ‘PaperPositionMode‘ to ‘auto‘ from the command line.

set(gcf,‘PaperPositionMode‘,‘auto‘)

% Setting the current figure‘s (gcf) PaperPositionMode to auto enables

% you to resize the figure window and print it at the size you see on the screen.

举例：

surf(peaks);shading interp           % 画图,shading使图像美观

axis off                                 % 不显示坐标轴

set(gcf,‘PaperPositionMode‘,‘auto‘); % 设置图像纵横比

print(‘-dpng‘,‘-r200‘,‘a‘);           % 保存图片,名为a

——来自matlab帮助 Printing Images

2.2. Batch Processing（图片保存“批处理”）filename

You can use the function form of print to pass variables containing file names. For example, this for loop uses file names stored in a cell array to create a series of graphs and prints each one with a different file name:

fnames = {‘file1‘, ‘file2‘, ‘file3‘};

for k=1:length(fnames)

    surf(peaks);shading interp

    print(‘-dtiff‘,‘-r600‘,fnames{k}) % fnames is a cell of string arrays so each element is a string

end

————来自matlab帮助“print”页末

注：如果你不能调整输出分辨率和文件格式，可能是"Printing and Exporting without a Display"问题，具体查看帮助“print”页

 

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1.2. 输出图片的“格式”formats

The following table shows the supported output formats for exporting from figures and the switch settings to use. In some cases, a format is available both as a MATLAB output filter and as a Ghostscript output filter. All formats except for EMF are supported on both Windows and UNIX platforms.

Graphics Format	Bitmap or Vector（矢量）	Print Command Option String	MATLAB or Ghostscript
BMP monochrome BMP	Bitmap	-dbmpmono	Ghostscript
BMP 24-bit BMP	Bitmap	-dbmp16m	Ghostscript
BMP 8-bit (256-color) BMP (this format uses a fixed colormap)	Bitmap	-dbmp256	Ghostscript
BMP 24-bit	Bitmap	-dbmp	MATLAB
EMF	Vector	-dmeta	MATLAB
EPS black and white	Vector	-deps	MATLAB
EPS color	Vector	-depsc	MATLAB
EPS Level 2 black and white	Vector	-deps2	MATLAB
EPS Level 2 color	Vector	-depsc2	MATLAB
HDF 24-bit	Bitmap	-dhdf	MATLAB
ILL (Adobe Illustrator)	Vector	-dill	MATLAB
JPEG 24-bit	Bitmap	-djpeg	MATLAB
PBM (plain format) 1-bit	Bitmap	-dpbm	Ghostscript
PBM (raw format) 1-bit	Bitmap	-dpbmraw	Ghostscript
PCX 1-bit	Bitmap	-dpcxmono	Ghostscript
PCX 24-bit color PCX file format, three 8-bit planes	Bitmap	-dpcx24b	Ghostscript
PCX 8-bit newer color PCX file format (256-color)	Bitmap	-dpcx256	Ghostscript
PCX Older color PCX file format (EGA/VGA, 16-color)	Bitmap	-dpcx16	Ghostscript
PDF Color PDF file format	Vector	-dpdf	Ghostscript
PGM Portable Graymap (plain format)	Bitmap	-dpgm	Ghostscript
PGM Portable Graymap (raw format)	Bitmap	-dpgmraw	Ghostscript
PNG 24-bit	Bitmap	-dpng	MATLAB
PPM Portable Pixmap (plain format)	Bitmap	-dppm	Ghostscript
PPM Portable Pixmap (raw format)	Bitmap	-dppmraw	Ghostscript
SVG Scalable Vector Graphics (For Simulink Models Only)	Vector	-dsvg	MATLAB
TIFF 24-bit	Bitmap	-dtiff or -dtiffn	MATLAB
TIFF preview for EPS files	Bitmap	-tiff