GlusterFS分布式存储集群部署记录-相关补充
Posted 散尽浮华
tags:
篇首语：本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理，主要介绍了GlusterFS分布式存储集群部署记录-相关补充相关的知识，希望对你有一定的参考价值。
接着上一篇Centos7下GlusterFS分布式存储集群环境部署记录文档，继续做一些补充记录，希望能加深对GlusterFS存储操作的理解和熟悉度。
========================清理glusterfs存储环境=========================
由上面可知，该glusterfs存储集群有四个节点： [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# cat /etc/hosts ....... 192.168.10.239 GlusterFS-master 192.168.10.212 GlusterFS-slave 192.168.10.204 GlusterFS-slave2 192.168.10.220 GlusterFS-slave3 现将四个节点的存储目录/opt/gluster/data全部删除 [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# rm -rf /opt/gluster [root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# rm -rf /opt/gluster [root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# rm -rf /opt/gluster [root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# rm -rf /opt/gluster [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume list models [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info Volume Name: models Type: Distributed-Replicate Volume ID: f1945b0b-67d6-4202-9198-639244ab0a6a Status: Stopped Number of Bricks: 2 x 2 = 4 Transport-type: tcp Bricks: Brick1: 192.168.10.239:/opt/gluster/data Brick2: 192.168.10.212:/opt/gluster/data Brick3: 192.168.10.204:/opt/gluster/data Brick4: 192.168.10.220:/opt/gluster/data Options Reconfigured: performance.write-behind: on performance.io-thread-count: 32 performance.flush-behind: on performance.cache-size: 128MB features.quota: on 接着删除之前创建的models卷 [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume stop models [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume delete models [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info No volumes present 查看集群节点情况，如下发现glusterfs集群中有三个节点。 由于是在192.168.10.239机器上查看的，所以在集群中默认看不到自己的。 如果在其他集群上执行这个命令，就能查看到192.168.10.239这个节点了 [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer status Number of Peers: 3 Hostname: 192.168.10.212 Uuid: f8e69297-4690-488e-b765-c1c404810d6a State: Peer in Cluster (Connected) Hostname: 192.168.10.204 Uuid: a989394c-f64a-40c3-8bc5-820f623952c4 State: Peer in Cluster (Connected) Hostname: 192.168.10.220 Uuid: dd99743a-285b-4aed-b3d6-e860f9efd965 State: Peer in Cluster (Connected) 然后分别将节点从集群中删除（不能在节点机本机的gluster命令下删除自己） [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster //可以在gluster的交互界面里操作 gluster> peer detach 192.168.10.220 peer detach: success gluster> peer detach 192.168.10.204 peer detach: success gluster> peer detach 192.168.10.212 peer detach: success gluster> peer detach 192.168.10.239 peer detach: failed: 192.168.10.239 is localhost //默认在本机是删除不了自己的。需要在别的节点上删除它。 gluster> 登录另一台节点机上，执行将192.168.10.220节点从集群中移除的操作 [root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# gluster gluster> peer detach 192.168.10.239 peer detach: success gluster> 再次查看集群情况，发现没有节点了 [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer status Number of Peers: 0 可以在gluster交互界面里执行它的所有相关命令： [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster gluster> volume info No volumes present gluster> peer status Number of Peers: 0 gluster>
=====================dd命令创建虚拟分区，创建存储目录=====================
首先利用dd命令创建虚拟分区，创建存储目录
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 36G 1.8G 34G 5% /
devtmpfs 2.9G 0 2.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 2.9G 0 2.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 2.9G 8.5M 2.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 2.9G 0 2.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1 1014M 143M 872M 15% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-home 18G 33M 18G 1% /home
tmpfs 581M 0 581M 0% /run/user/0
dd命令创建一个虚拟分区出来，格式化并挂载到/data目录下
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# dd if=/dev/vda1 of=/dev/vdb1
2097152+0 records in
2097152+0 records out
1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 2.0979 s, 512 MB/s
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# du -sh /dev/vdb1
1.0G /dev/vdb1
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# mkfs.xfs -f /dev/vdb1 //这里格式成xfs格式文件，也可以格式化成ext4格式的。
meta-data=/dev/vdb1 isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=65536 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0, sparse=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=262144, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=2560, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# mkdir /data
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# mount /dev/vdb1 /data
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 36G 1.8G 34G 5% /
devtmpfs 2.9G 34M 2.8G 2% /dev
tmpfs 2.9G 0 2.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 2.9G 8.5M 2.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 2.9G 0 2.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1 1014M 143M 872M 15% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-home 18G 33M 18G 1% /home
tmpfs 581M 0 581M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/loop0 976M 2.6M 907M 1% /data
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# fdisk -l
.......
Disk /dev/loop0: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
设置开机自动挂载
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# echo \'/dev/loop0 /data xfs defaults 1 2\' >> /etc/fstab
然后创建gluster存储目录
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# mkdir /data/gluster
以上操作要在四台节点机器上都要执行一遍，即创建存储目录环境！
================创建分布式卷（即Hash卷）及其相关管理操作================
接着将节点添加到集群。这里选择在GlusterFS-master节点上执行：
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer probe 192.168.10.212
peer probe: success.
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer probe 192.168.10.204
peer probe: success.
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer probe 192.168.10.220
peer probe: success.
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer status
Number of Peers: 3
Hostname: 192.168.10.212
Uuid: f8e69297-4690-488e-b765-c1c404810d6a
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
Hostname: 192.168.10.204
Uuid: a989394c-f64a-40c3-8bc5-820f623952c4
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
Hostname: 192.168.10.220
Uuid: dd99743a-285b-4aed-b3d6-e860f9efd965
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
登录其他节点集群查看，就能看到GlusterFS-master节点（192.168.10.239）也在集群中了
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# gluster peer status
Number of Peers: 3
Hostname: GlusterFS-master
Uuid: 5dfd40e2-096b-40b5-bee3-003b57a39007
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
Hostname: 192.168.10.204
Uuid: a989394c-f64a-40c3-8bc5-820f623952c4
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
Hostname: 192.168.10.220
Uuid: dd99743a-285b-4aed-b3d6-e860f9efd965
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
----------------------------------------------------------
现在开始创建。这里在GlusterFS-master机器上执行的，默认这里创建的是哈希卷。
如下，它会自动在192.168.10.212节点的/data下面创建个gluster目录（这个目录不需要提前手动创建）
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume create gluster_data 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster force
volume create: gluster_data: success: please start the volume to access data
登录192.168.10.212节点查看，果然在/data目录下自动创建了gluster目录
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/ //data分区大小为1G
gluster
启动卷，查看卷状态
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume start gluster_data
volume start: gluster_data: success
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
Volume Name: gluster_data
Type: Distribute
Volume ID: 0f8b2268-9d2f-4b5c-85df-13408825d6b3
Status: Started
Number of Bricks: 1
Transport-type: tcp
Bricks:
Brick1: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster
挂载卷操作
在客户端机器上执行glusterfs存储挂载的操作
注意，由于上面添加的是192.168.10.212节点，所以客户端要挂载的也是192.168.10.212节点的存储
[root@Client ~]# mkdir /opt/gfsmount
[root@Client ~]# mount -t glusterfs 192.168.10.212:gluster_data /opt/gfsmount
[root@Client ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 38G 4.3G 33G 12% /
devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.9G 8.6M 1.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1 1014M 143M 872M 15% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-home 19G 33M 19G 1% /home
tmpfs 380M 0 380M 0% /run/user/0
overlay 38G 4.3G 33G 12% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/9904ac8cbcba967de3262dc0d5e230c64ad3c1c53b588048e263767d36df8c1a/merged
shm 64M 0 64M 0% /var/lib/docker/containers/222ec7f21b2495591613e0d1061e4405cd57f99ffaf41dbba1a98c350cd70f60/mounts/shm
192.168.10.212:gluster_data 1014M 33M 982M 4% /opt/gfsmount
上面可知，已经挂载上了glusterfs存储，大小为1G（即是192.168.10.212的存储目录所在的/data分区的空间。
记住：存储目录在节点机的哪个分区下，客户端挂载后就享用这个分区空间。
在客户端挂载目录下测试写数据
[root@Client gfsmount]# mkdir test
[root@Client gfsmount]# touch kevin
[root@Client gfsmount]# ls
kevin test
然后在192.168.10.212的存储目录下发现是正常同步过来的
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# cd /data/gluster/
[root@GlusterFS-slave gluster]# ls
kevin test
----------------------------------------------------------
增加brick（即扩容卷）
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume add-brick gluster_data 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster force
volume add-brick: success
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume add-brick gluster_data 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster force
volume add-brick: success
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume add-brick gluster_data 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster force
volume add-brick: success
同样，上面三个节点的/data下会自动创建gluster目录！
查看卷状态
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
Volume Name: gluster_data
Type: Distribute
Volume ID: 0f8b2268-9d2f-4b5c-85df-13408825d6b3
Status: Started
Number of Bricks: 4
Transport-type: tcp
Bricks:
Brick1: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster
Brick2: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster
Brick3: 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster
Brick4: 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster
然后在到客户端，发现挂载点的容量已经由1G上升到了4G！！（即四个节点的存储目录所在分区空间之和）
[root@Client ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 38G 4.3G 33G 12% /
devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 1.9G 8.6M 1.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1 1014M 143M 872M 15% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-home 19G 33M 19G 1% /home
tmpfs 380M 0 380M 0% /run/user/0
overlay 38G 4.3G 33G 12% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/9904ac8cbcba967de3262dc0d5e230c64ad3c1c53b588048e263767d36df8c1a/merged
shm 64M 0 64M 0% /var/lib/docker/containers/222ec7f21b2495591613e0d1061e4405cd57f99ffaf41dbba1a98c350cd70f60/mounts/shm
192.168.10.212:gluster_data 4.0G 130M 3.9G 4% /opt/gfsmount
如上操作后的总结
1）客户端挂载点的容量是集群中四个节点的存储目录所在分区总和。
2）在客户端挂载点下创建目录，所有节点的存储目录（即Brick）下都会同步到。
3）在客户端挂载点的目录下创建的文件，会在3个节点的存储目录内hash分布。
4）直接在客户端挂载点下创建的文件，则这些文件只会单独同步到所挂载的节点（如上是192.168.10.212的/data/gluster目录下），其他节点不会同步！
5）删除卷会造成一些数据丢失，因为被删除节点有数。
比如：
a）客户端在挂载点下创建目录kevin
[root@Client ~]# cd /opt/gfsmount/
[root@Client gfsmount]# mkdir kevin
节点查看
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ls /data/gluster/
kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/
kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
kevin
b）客户端在上面挂载点下的目录里创建文件
[root@Client gfsmount]# for i in `seq -w 1 100`; do cp -rp /var/log/messages /opt/gfsmount/kevin/copy-test-$i; done
[root@Client gfsmount]# ls kevin/
copy-test-001 copy-test-014 copy-test-027 copy-test-040 copy-test-053 copy-test-066 copy-test-079 copy-test-092
copy-test-002 copy-test-015 copy-test-028 copy-test-041 copy-test-054 copy-test-067 copy-test-080 copy-test-093
copy-test-003 copy-test-016 copy-test-029 copy-test-042 copy-test-055 copy-test-068 copy-test-081 copy-test-094
copy-test-004 copy-test-017 copy-test-030 copy-test-043 copy-test-056 copy-test-069 copy-test-082 copy-test-095
copy-test-005 copy-test-018 copy-test-031 copy-test-044 copy-test-057 copy-test-070 copy-test-083 copy-test-096
copy-test-006 copy-test-019 copy-test-032 copy-test-045 copy-test-058 copy-test-071 copy-test-084 copy-test-097
copy-test-007 copy-test-020 copy-test-033 copy-test-046 copy-test-059 copy-test-072 copy-test-085 copy-test-098
copy-test-008 copy-test-021 copy-test-034 copy-test-047 copy-test-060 copy-test-073 copy-test-086 copy-test-099
copy-test-009 copy-test-022 copy-test-035 copy-test-048 copy-test-061 copy-test-074 copy-test-087 copy-test-100
copy-test-010 copy-test-023 copy-test-036 copy-test-049 copy-test-062 copy-test-075 copy-test-088
copy-test-011 copy-test-024 copy-test-037 copy-test-050 copy-test-063 copy-test-076 copy-test-089
copy-test-012 copy-test-025 copy-test-038 copy-test-051 copy-test-064 copy-test-077 copy-test-090
copy-test-013 copy-test-026 copy-test-039 copy-test-052 copy-test-065 copy-test-078 copy-test-091
节点查看。发现文件同步到挂载的192.168.10.212节点山上了
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ls /data/gluster/kevin/
copy-test-002 copy-test-014 copy-test-036 copy-test-045 copy-test-056 copy-test-070 copy-test-075 copy-test-097
copy-test-009 copy-test-020 copy-test-042 copy-test-047 copy-test-062 copy-test-071 copy-test-080
copy-test-010 copy-test-027 copy-test-043 copy-test-053 copy-test-064 copy-test-072 copy-test-084
copy-test-013 copy-test-035 copy-test-044 copy-test-055 copy-test-068 copy-test-074 copy-test-092
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ll /data/gluster/kevin/|wc -l
30
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/kevin/
copy-test-003 copy-test-018 copy-test-037 copy-test-050 copy-test-061 copy-test-069 copy-test-089
copy-test-005 copy-test-025 copy-test-040 copy-test-058 copy-test-066 copy-test-076 copy-test-091
copy-test-007 copy-test-026 copy-test-049 copy-test-059 copy-test-067 copy-test-085 copy-test-096
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ll /data/gluster/kevin/|wc -l
22
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 gluster]# ls /data/gluster/kevin/
copy-test-004 copy-test-016 copy-test-024 copy-test-046 copy-test-065 copy-test-082 copy-test-088 copy-test-099
copy-test-006 copy-test-017 copy-test-029 copy-test-048 copy-test-078 copy-test-086 copy-test-093
copy-test-015 copy-test-023 copy-test-033 copy-test-052 copy-test-079 copy-test-087 copy-test-095
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 gluster]# ll /data/gluster/kevin/|wc -l
23
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ls /data/gluster/kevin/
copy-test-001 copy-test-019 copy-test-030 copy-test-038 copy-test-054 copy-test-073 copy-test-090
copy-test-008 copy-test-021 copy-test-031 copy-test-039 copy-test-057 copy-test-077 copy-test-094
copy-test-011 copy-test-022 copy-test-032 copy-test-041 copy-test-060 copy-test-081 copy-test-098
copy-test-012 copy-test-028 copy-test-034 copy-test-051 copy-test-063 copy-test-083 copy-test-100
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ll /data/gluster/kevin/|wc -l
29
c）如果直接在客户端挂载点下创建文件，则这些文件只会单独同步到所挂载的节点
（如上是192.168.10.212的/data/gluster目录下），其他节点不会同步！
[root@Client gfsmount]# for i in `seq -w 1 30`; do cp -rp /var/log/messages /opt/gfsmount/haha-test-$i; done
[root@Client gfsmount]# ls
haha-test-01 haha-test-05 haha-test-09 haha-test-13 haha-test-17 haha-test-21 haha-test-25 haha-test-29
haha-test-02 haha-test-06 haha-test-10 haha-test-14 haha-test-18 haha-test-22 haha-test-26 haha-test-30
haha-test-03 haha-test-07 haha-test-11 haha-test-15 haha-test-19 haha-test-23 haha-test-27 kevin
haha-test-04 haha-test-08 haha-test-12 haha-test-16 haha-test-20 haha-test-24 haha-test-28
节点查看，发现只是在192.168.10.212节点上有上面创建的那30个文件，其他3个节点都没有
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ls /data/gluster/
kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-01 haha-test-05 haha-test-09 haha-test-13 haha-test-17 haha-test-21 haha-test-25 haha-test-29
haha-test-02 haha-test-06 haha-test-10 haha-test-14 haha-test-18 haha-test-22 haha-test-26 haha-test-30
haha-test-03 haha-test-07 haha-test-11 haha-test-15 haha-test-19 haha-test-23 haha-test-27 kevin
haha-test-04 haha-test-08 haha-test-12 haha-test-16 haha-test-20 haha-test-24 haha-test-28
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
kevin
d）删除卷会造成一些数据丢失，因为被删除节点有数。
从卷中删除其中一个节点的brick
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume remove-brick gluster_data 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster
Usage: volume remove-brick <VOLNAME> [replica <COUNT>] <BRICK> ... <start|stop|status|commit|force>
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster
gluster> volume remove-brick gluster_data 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster force
Removing brick(s) can result in data loss. Do you want to Continue? (y/n) y
volume remove-brick commit force: success
gluster>
查看卷的信息，mount点空间也下降了（少了192.168.10.220的存储空间）
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
Volume Name: gluster_data
Type: Distribute
Volume ID: 0f8b2268-9d2f-4b5c-85df-13408825d6b3
Status: Started
Number of Bricks: 3
Transport-type: tcp
Bricks:
Brick1: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster
Brick2: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster
Brick3: 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster
客户端的挂载点空间下降到3G了
[root@Client ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
.......
192.168.10.212:gluster_data 3.0G 98M 2.9G 4% /opt/gfsmount
[root@Client ~]# ll /opt/gfsmount/kevin|wc -l
73
发现上面在客户端挂载点的kevin目录下创建的100个文件已经少了一部分，因为这部分数据在192.168.10.220节点上，该
节点的brick已经从卷中删除了，所以这部分数据就丢失了！
接着注意下面的操作！！
将上面删除的192.168.10.220的brick添加进去，发现添加失败！
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume add-brick gluster_data 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster
volume add-brick: failed: Staging failed on 192.168.10.220. Error: /data/gluster is already part of a volume
需要删除目录，才能加回来
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# rm -rf /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ll /data
total 0
然后再添加就能成功了
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume add-brick gluster_data 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster
volume add-brick: success
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
Volume Name: gluster_data
Type: Distribute
Volume ID: 0f8b2268-9d2f-4b5c-85df-13408825d6b3
Status: Started
Number of Bricks: 4
Transport-type: tcp
Bricks:
Brick1: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster
Brick2: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster
Brick3: 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster
Brick4: 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster
添加回来后，客户端的挂载点的容量又上升到4G了
[root@Client ~]# df -h
.......
192.168.10.212:gluster_data 4.0G 131M 3.9G 4% /opt/gfsmount
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
rebalance操作能够让文件按照之前的规则再分配
做下rebalance，看到新加的节点上分到了文件和目录。
注意，在实际生产环节中，做rebalance，最好在服务器空闲的时间操作
如上，新添加进去的192.168.10.220节点的存储目录下一开始是没有内容的
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]#
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume rebalance gluster_data start
volume rebalance: gluster_data: success: Initiated rebalance on volume gluster_data.
Execute "gluster volume rebalance <volume-name> status" to check status.
ID: 49277bfa-df25-45c4-b1fb-cbcf8607a23e
再次查看新添加进去的192.168.10.220节点的存储目录，发现就有了数据
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-03 haha-test-11 haha-test-14 haha-test-16 haha-test-25 haha-test-30 kevin
发现做了rebalance之后，客户端在挂载点下的数据就会均衡地分布到各节点上了
[root@Client ~]# ls /opt/gfsmount/
haha-test-01 haha-test-05 haha-test-09 haha-test-13 haha-test-17 haha-test-21 haha-test-25 haha-test-29
haha-test-02 haha-test-06 haha-test-10 haha-test-14 haha-test-18 haha-test-22 haha-test-26 haha-test-30
haha-test-03 haha-test-07 haha-test-11 haha-test-15 haha-test-19 haha-test-23 haha-test-27 kevin
haha-test-04 haha-test-08 haha-test-12 haha-test-16 haha-test-20 haha-test-24 haha-test-28
[root@Client ~]# ls /opt/gfsmount/kevin/
copy-test-002 copy-test-014 copy-test-026 copy-test-043 copy-test-053 copy-test-066 copy-test-076 copy-test-088
copy-test-003 copy-test-015 copy-test-027 copy-test-044 copy-test-055 copy-test-067 copy-test-078 copy-test-089
copy-test-004 copy-test-016 copy-test-029 copy-test-045 copy-test-056 copy-test-068 copy-test-079 copy-test-091
copy-test-005 copy-test-017 copy-test-033 copy-test-046 copy-test-058 copy-test-069 copy-test-080 copy-test-092
copy-test-006 copy-test-018 copy-test-035 copy-test-047 copy-test-059 copy-test-070 copy-test-082 copy-test-093
copy-test-007 copy-test-020 copy-test-036 copy-test-048 copy-test-061 copy-test-071 copy-test-084 copy-test-095
copy-test-009 copy-test-023 copy-test-037 copy-test-049 copy-test-062 copy-test-072 copy-test-085 copy-test-096
copy-test-010 copy-test-024 copy-test-040 copy-test-050 copy-test-064 copy-test-074 copy-test-086 copy-test-097
copy-test-013 copy-test-025 copy-test-042 copy-test-052 copy-test-065 copy-test-075 copy-test-087 copy-test-099
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-06 haha-test-07 haha-test-15 haha-test-19 haha-test-22 haha-test-28 kevin
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ls /data/gluster/kevin/
copy-test-002 copy-test-014 copy-test-036 copy-test-047 copy-test-059 copy-test-069 copy-test-080 copy-test-097
copy-test-003 copy-test-018 copy-test-037 copy-test-049 copy-test-061 copy-test-070 copy-test-084
copy-test-005 copy-test-020 copy-test-040 copy-test-050 copy-test-062 copy-test-071 copy-test-085
copy-test-007 copy-test-025 copy-test-042 copy-test-053 copy-test-064 copy-test-072 copy-test-089
copy-test-009 copy-test-026 copy-test-043 copy-test-055 copy-test-066 copy-test-074 copy-test-091
copy-test-010 copy-test-027 copy-test-044 copy-test-056 copy-test-067 copy-test-075 copy-test-092
copy-test-013 copy-test-035 copy-test-045 copy-test-058 copy-test-068 copy-test-076 copy-test-096
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-01 haha-test-04 haha-test-08 haha-test-17 haha-test-20 haha-test-26 haha-test-27 haha-test-29 kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/kevin/
copy-test-002 copy-test-017 copy-test-040 copy-test-050 copy-test-064 copy-test-074 copy-test-086 copy-test-097
copy-test-004 copy-test-020 copy-test-042 copy-test-052 copy-test-065 copy-test-075 copy-test-087 copy-test-099
copy-test-006 copy-test-023 copy-test-043 copy-test-053 copy-test-066 copy-test-076 copy-test-088
copy-test-009 copy-test-024 copy-test-044 copy-test-055 copy-test-067 copy-test-078 copy-test-089
copy-test-010 copy-test-027 copy-test-045 copy-test-056 copy-test-068 copy-test-079 copy-test-091
copy-test-013 copy-test-029 copy-test-046 copy-test-058 copy-test-069 copy-test-080 copy-test-092
copy-test-014 copy-test-033 copy-test-047 copy-test-059 copy-test-070 copy-test-082 copy-test-093
copy-test-015 copy-test-035 copy-test-048 copy-test-061 copy-test-071 copy-test-084 copy-test-095
copy-test-016 copy-test-036 copy-test-049 copy-test-062 copy-test-072 copy-test-085 copy-test-096
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-02 haha-test-09 haha-test-12 haha-test-18 haha-test-23 kevin
haha-test-05 haha-test-10 haha-test-13 haha-test-21 haha-test-24
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# ls /data/gluster/kevin/
copy-test-004 copy-test-016 copy-test-024 copy-test-046 copy-test-065 copy-test-082 copy-test-088 copy-test-099
copy-test-006 copy-test-017 copy-test-029 copy-test-048 copy-test-078 copy-test-086 copy-test-093
copy-test-015 copy-test-023 copy-test-033 copy-test-052 copy-test-079 copy-test-087 copy-test-095
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-03 haha-test-11 haha-test-14 haha-test-16 haha-test-25 haha-test-30 kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ls /data/gluster/kevin/
查看下平衡状态
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume rebalance gluster_data status
Node Rebalanced-files size scanned failures skipped status run time in secs
--------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ------------ --------------
localhost 29 164.8KB 105 0 0 completed 1.00
192.168.10.212 43 248.7KB 131 0 0 completed 1.00
192.168.10.204 0 0Bytes 105 0 0 completed 0.00
192.168.10.220 0 0Bytes 105 0 0 completed 0.00
volume rebalance: gluster_data: success:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
接着进行卸载挂载点，停止卷
这个操作很危险，但是卷删除了，下面的数据还在：
[root@Client ~]# umount /opt/gfsmount -lf
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume stop gluster_data
Stopping volume will make its data inaccessible. Do you want to continue? (y/n) y
volume stop: gluster_data: success
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume delete gluster_data
Deleting volume will erase all information about the volume. Do you want to continue? (y/n) y
volume delete: gluster_data: success
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume list
No volumes present in cluster
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
No volumes present
gluster_data卷删除了，但是各节点上存储目录下的数据还在
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-06 haha-test-07 haha-test-15 haha-test-19 haha-test-22 haha-test-28 kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-01 haha-test-04 haha-test-08 haha-test-17 haha-test-20 haha-test-26 haha-test-27 haha-test-29 kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-02 haha-test-09 haha-test-12 haha-test-18 haha-test-23 kevin
haha-test-05 haha-test-10 haha-test-13 haha-test-21 haha-test-24
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-03 haha-test-11 haha-test-14 haha-test-16 haha-test-25 haha-test-30 kevin
客户端挂载点数据不显示
[root@Client ~]# ls /opt/gfsmount/
[root@Client ~]#
想要清除数据，可以登录到每个节点上删除brick下面的数据
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# rm -rf /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# rm -rf /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# rm -rf /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# rm -rf /data/gluster
================创建复制卷及其相关管理操作================
先删除各个节点在上面用到的存储目录
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# rm -rf /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# rm -rf /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# rm -rf /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# rm -rf /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
No volumes present
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume status
No volumes present
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume list
No volumes present in cluster
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer status
Number of Peers: 3
Hostname: 192.168.10.212
Uuid: f8e69297-4690-488e-b765-c1c404810d6a
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
Hostname: 192.168.10.204
Uuid: a989394c-f64a-40c3-8bc5-820f623952c4
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
Hostname: 192.168.10.220
Uuid: dd99743a-285b-4aed-b3d6-e860f9efd965
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
删除集群中的节点
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster
gluster> peer detach 192.168.10.220
peer detach: success
gluster> peer detach 192.168.10.204
peer detach: success
gluster> peer detach 192.168.10.212
peer detach: success
gluster> peer detach 192.168.10.239
peer detach: failed: 192.168.10.239 is localhost
gluster>
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# gluster
peer detach: success
查看集群，已没有节点信息了
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer status
Number of Peers: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
现在开始创建复制卷，操作如下：
先添加集群
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer probe 192.168.10.212
peer probe: success.
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer status
Number of Peers: 1
Hostname: 192.168.10.212
Uuid: f8e69297-4690-488e-b765-c1c404810d6a
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
创建复制卷，需要replica 2，表示两个副本
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume create gluster_share replica 2 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster force
volume create: gluster_share: success: please start the volume to access data
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
Volume Name: gluster_share
Type: Replicate
Volume ID: a9f989bd-7edd-4089-836a-d9f742b8d37a
Status: Created
Number of Bricks: 1 x 2 = 2
Transport-type: tcp
Bricks:
Brick1: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster
Brick2: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster
以上两个节点会自动生成存储目录/data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ll /data/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 10 12:58 gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ll /data/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Apr 10 12:59 gluster
启动卷，查看卷状态
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume list
gluster_share
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume start gluster_share
volume start: gluster_share: success
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
Volume Name: gluster_share
Type: Replicate
Volume ID: a9f989bd-7edd-4089-836a-d9f742b8d37a
Status: Started
Number of Bricks: 1 x 2 = 2
Transport-type: tcp
Bricks:
Brick1: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster
Brick2: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster
客户端挂载后操作创建文件文件，发现容量只有一个节点的容量，因为是复制卷
[root@Client ~]# mount -t glusterfs 192.168.10.239:gluster_share /opt/gfsmount/
[root@Client ~]# df -h
.......
192.168.10.239:gluster_share 1014M 33M 982M 4% /opt/gfsmount
客户端挂载点写入数据
[root@Client gfsmount]# mkdir test
[root@Client gfsmount]# touch kevin grace
两个节点由于是副本关系，内容一致
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ls /data/gluster/
grace kevin test
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/
grace kevin test
------------------------------------------------------------------
模拟误删卷信息故障
删除卷信息，卷信息在下面路径下
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ls /usr/local/glusterfs/var/lib/glusterd/vols/gluster_share/
bricks gluster_share-rebalance.vol rbstate
cksum gluster_share.tcp-fuse.vol run
gluster_share.192.168.10.212.data-gluster.vol info snapd.info
gluster_share.192.168.10.239.data-gluster.vol node_state.info trusted-gluster_share.tcp-fuse.vol
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /usr/local/glusterfs/var/lib/glusterd/vols/gluster_share/
bricks gluster_share-rebalance.vol rbstate
cksum gluster_share.tcp-fuse.vol run
gluster_share.192.168.10.212.data-gluster.vol info snapd.info
gluster_share.192.168.10.239.data-gluster.vol node_state.info trusted-gluster_share.tcp-fuse.vol
这里以删除192.168.10.212（即GlusterFS-slave）节点的卷信息为例
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# rm -rf /usr/local/glusterfs/var/lib/glusterd/vols/gluster_share/
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /usr/local/glusterfs/var/lib/glusterd/vols/gluster_share/
ls: cannot access /usr/local/glusterfs/var/lib/glusterd/vols/gluster_share/: No such file or directory
恢复卷信息
把卷信息同步过来，192.168.10.212节点上的卷信息删除了，但是它的备份节点192.168.10.239节点上的卷信息是正常的！
下面操作的all表示同步所有卷信息过来，这里也可以写成gluster_share卷
特别注意：这种卷信息要定期备份！！！！
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume sync 192.168.10.239 all //不能在节点本机进行针对自己的备份
Sync volume may make data inaccessible while the sync is in progress. Do you want to continue? (y/n) y
volume sync: failed: sync from localhost not allowed
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# gluster volume sync 192.168.10.239 all //所以要在集群中的其他节点上操作
Sync volume may make data inaccessible while the sync is in progress. Do you want to continue? (y/n) y
volume sync: success
然后再去192.168.10.212节点上查看卷信息，发现删除的卷信息已经恢复回来了！
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /usr/local/glusterfs/var/lib/glusterd/vols/gluster_share/
bricks gluster_share-rebalance.vol rbstate
cksum gluster_share.tcp-fuse.vol run
gluster_share.192.168.10.212.data-gluster.vol info snapd.info
gluster_share.192.168.10.239.data-gluster.vol node_state.info trusted-gluster_share.tcp-fuse.vol
------------------------------------------------------------------
追加节点操作
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer probe 192.168.10.204
peer probe: success.
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer probe 192.168.10.220
peer probe: success.
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster peer status
Number of Peers: 3
Hostname: 192.168.10.212
Uuid: f8e69297-4690-488e-b765-c1c404810d6a
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
Hostname: 192.168.10.204
Uuid: a989394c-f64a-40c3-8bc5-820f623952c4
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
Hostname: 192.168.10.220
Uuid: dd99743a-285b-4aed-b3d6-e860f9efd965
State: Peer in Cluster (Connected)
查看卷信息
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
Volume Name: gluster_share
Type: Replicate
Volume ID: a9f989bd-7edd-4089-836a-d9f742b8d37a
Status: Started
Number of Bricks: 1 x 2 = 2
Transport-type: tcp
Bricks:
Brick1: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster
Brick2: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster
卷扩容操作（即将新添加的两个节点的brick添加到上面的models磁盘里）
先将客户端的挂载卸载掉
[root@Client ~]# umount /opt/gfsmount/
接着关闭gluster_share卷
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume stop gluster_share
Stopping volume will make its data inaccessible. Do you want to continue? (y/n) y
volume stop: gluster_share: success
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume status gluster_share
Volume gluster_share is not started
然后执行卷扩容操作
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume add-brick gluster_share 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster force
volume add-brick: success
再次查看卷信息，发现新节点已经加入进去了
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
Volume Name: gluster_share
Type: Distributed-Replicate
Volume ID: a9f989bd-7edd-4089-836a-d9f742b8d37a
Status: Stopped
Number of Bricks: 2 x 2 = 4
Transport-type: tcp
Bricks:
Brick1: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster
Brick2: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster
Brick3: 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster
Brick4: 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster
然后重新启动gluster_share卷
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume start gluster_share
volume start: gluster_share: success
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume status gluster_share
Status of volume: gluster_share
Gluster process Port Online Pid
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Brick 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster 49155 Y 8907
Brick 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster 49156 Y 4049
Brick 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster 49156 Y 11447
Brick 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster 49157 Y 16714
NFS Server on localhost N/A N N/A
Self-heal Daemon on localhost N/A N N/A
NFS Server on 192.168.10.212 N/A N N/A
Self-heal Daemon on 192.168.10.212 N/A N N/A
NFS Server on 192.168.10.220 N/A N N/A
Self-heal Daemon on 192.168.10.220 N/A N N/A
NFS Server on 192.168.10.204 N/A N N/A
Self-heal Daemon on 192.168.10.204 N/A N N/A
Task Status of Volume gluster_share
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
There are no active volume tasks
如上发现四个节点的Online项状态都是"Y"
接着在Client客户机重新挂载存储
[root@Client ~]# mount -t glusterfs 192.168.10.239:gluster_share /opt/gfsmount/
[root@Client ~]# df -h
.......
192.168.10.239:gluster_share 2.0G 65M 2.0G 4% /opt/gfsmount
如上发现客户端挂载点的容量是2G，即两组replica的分区大小
在客户机上写入数据做测试，发现：
1）新添加到models卷里的节点的存储目录里不会有之前其他节点的数据，只会有新写入的数据。
2）由于上面创建副本卷的时候，指定的副本是2个（即replica 2），如果不做rebalance，那么在客户端写入的文件数据都只会同步到原来的那个replica
下的节点里，即新加入的两个节点里不会同步数据；在客户端创建目录，四个节点都会同步到；但是文件只会同步到之前的两个节点。
接着进行重新均衡。均衡卷的前提是至少有两个brick存储单元
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume rebalance gluster_share start
volume rebalance: gluster_share: success: Initiated rebalance on volume gluster_share.
Execute "gluster volume rebalance <volume-name> status" to check status.
ID: 26035833-3c20-4822-b065-7a5e15d30b85
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume rebalance gluster_share status
Node Rebalanced-files size scanned failures skipped status run time in secs
--------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ------------ --------------
localhost 103 10.3MB 305 0 0 completed 1.00
192.168.10.212 0 0Bytes 210 0 0 completed 0.00
192.168.10.204 11 58.9KB 213 0 0 completed 0.00
192.168.10.220 0 0Bytes 210 0 0 completed 0.00
volume rebalance: gluster_share: success:
然后删除客户端的数据，重新写入进行测试
[root@Client ~]# rm -rf /opt/gfsmount/*
[root@Client ~]# cd /opt/gfsmount/
[root@Client gfsmount]# ls
[root@Client gfsmount]# mkdir kevin
发现四个节点都有这个kevin目录
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ls /data/gluster/
kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/
kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
kevin
然后批量写入数据
[root@Client gfsmount]# for i in `seq -w 1 100`; do cp -rp /var/log/messages /opt/gfsmount/haha-test-$i; done
[root@Client gfsmount]# ls
haha-test-001 haha-test-014 haha-test-027 haha-test-040 haha-test-053 haha-test-066 haha-test-079 haha-test-092
haha-test-002 haha-test-015 haha-test-028 haha-test-041 haha-test-054 haha-test-067 haha-test-080 haha-test-093
haha-test-003 haha-test-016 haha-test-029 haha-test-042 haha-test-055 haha-test-068 haha-test-081 haha-test-094
haha-test-004 haha-test-017 haha-test-030 haha-test-043 haha-test-056 haha-test-069 haha-test-082 haha-test-095
haha-test-005 haha-test-018 haha-test-031 haha-test-044 haha-test-057 haha-test-070 haha-test-083 haha-test-096
haha-test-006 haha-test-019 haha-test-032 haha-test-045 haha-test-058 haha-test-071 haha-test-084 haha-test-097
haha-test-007 haha-test-020 haha-test-033 haha-test-046 haha-test-059 haha-test-072 haha-test-085 haha-test-098
haha-test-008 haha-test-021 haha-test-034 haha-test-047 haha-test-060 haha-test-073 haha-test-086 haha-test-099
haha-test-009 haha-test-022 haha-test-035 haha-test-048 haha-test-061 haha-test-074 haha-test-087 haha-test-100
haha-test-010 haha-test-023 haha-test-036 haha-test-049 haha-test-062 haha-test-075 haha-test-088 kevin
haha-test-011 haha-test-024 haha-test-037 haha-test-050 haha-test-063 haha-test-076 haha-test-089
haha-test-012 haha-test-025 haha-test-038 haha-test-051 haha-test-064 haha-test-077 haha-test-090
haha-test-013 haha-test-026 haha-test-039 haha-test-052 haha-test-065 haha-test-078 haha-test-091
发现这些数据被分为两个replica副本，分到放到了192.168.10.239、192.168.10.212（副本关系）和192.168.10.204、192.168.10.220上了
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-004 haha-test-015 haha-test-028 haha-test-040 haha-test-050 haha-test-070 haha-test-080 haha-test-091
haha-test-007 haha-test-017 haha-test-029 haha-test-042 haha-test-051 haha-test-072 haha-test-081 haha-test-093
haha-test-009 haha-test-019 haha-test-032 haha-test-043 haha-test-052 haha-test-073 haha-test-084 haha-test-094
haha-test-010 haha-test-020 haha-test-033 haha-test-044 haha-test-056 haha-test-075 haha-test-087 haha-test-095
haha-test-011 haha-test-021 haha-test-034 haha-test-047 haha-test-059 haha-test-076 haha-test-088 haha-test-097
haha-test-012 haha-test-022 haha-test-036 haha-test-048 haha-test-061 haha-test-078 haha-test-089 haha-test-100
haha-test-014 haha-test-027 haha-test-037 haha-test-049 haha-test-069 haha-test-079 haha-test-090 kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-004 haha-test-015 haha-test-028 haha-test-040 haha-test-050 haha-test-070 haha-test-080 haha-test-091
haha-test-007 haha-test-017 haha-test-029 haha-test-042 haha-test-051 haha-test-072 haha-test-081 haha-test-093
haha-test-009 haha-test-019 haha-test-032 haha-test-043 haha-test-052 haha-test-073 haha-test-084 haha-test-094
haha-test-010 haha-test-020 haha-test-033 haha-test-044 haha-test-056 haha-test-075 haha-test-087 haha-test-095
haha-test-011 haha-test-021 haha-test-034 haha-test-047 haha-test-059 haha-test-076 haha-test-088 haha-test-097
haha-test-012 haha-test-022 haha-test-036 haha-test-048 haha-test-061 haha-test-078 haha-test-089 haha-test-100
haha-test-014 haha-test-027 haha-test-037 haha-test-049 haha-test-069 haha-test-079 haha-test-090 kevin
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-001 haha-test-013 haha-test-026 haha-test-041 haha-test-057 haha-test-065 haha-test-077 haha-test-096
haha-test-002 haha-test-016 haha-test-030 haha-test-045 haha-test-058 haha-test-066 haha-test-082 haha-test-098
haha-test-003 haha-test-018 haha-test-031 haha-test-046 haha-test-060 haha-test-067 haha-test-083 haha-test-099
haha-test-005 haha-test-023 haha-test-035 haha-test-053 haha-test-062 haha-test-068 haha-test-085 kevin
haha-test-006 haha-test-024 haha-test-038 haha-test-054 haha-test-063 haha-test-071 haha-test-086
haha-test-008 haha-test-025 haha-test-039 haha-test-055 haha-test-064 haha-test-074 haha-test-092
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
haha-test-001 haha-test-013 haha-test-026 haha-test-041 haha-test-057 haha-test-065 haha-test-077 haha-test-096
haha-test-002 haha-test-016 haha-test-030 haha-test-045 haha-test-058 haha-test-066 haha-test-082 haha-test-098
haha-test-003 haha-test-018 haha-test-031 haha-test-046 haha-test-060 haha-test-067 haha-test-083 haha-test-099
haha-test-005 haha-test-023 haha-test-035 haha-test-053 haha-test-062 haha-test-068 haha-test-085 kevin
haha-test-006 haha-test-024 haha-test-038 haha-test-054 haha-test-063 haha-test-071 haha-test-086
haha-test-008 haha-test-025 haha-test-039 haha-test-055 haha-test-064 haha-test-074 haha-test-092
同样在客户端的挂载点的目录（即/opt/gfsmount/kevin）下创建的文件也是同样被分为两个replica副本，分到放到了
192.168.10.239、192.168.10.212（副本关系）和192.168.10.204、192.168.10.220上了
================Gluster设置允许可信任客户端IP================
设置只允许192.168.1.*的访问 [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume set gluster_share auth.allow 192.168.1.* volume set: success 查看卷信息 [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info Volume Name: gluster_share Type: Distributed-Replicate Volume ID: a9f989bd-7edd-4089-836a-d9f742b8d37a Status: Started Number of Bricks: 2 x 2 = 4 Transport-type: tcp Bricks: Brick1: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster Brick2: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster Brick3: 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster Brick4: 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster Options Reconfigured: auth.allow: 192.168.1.* 注意上面最后一行卷信息，说明只允许客户端ip为192.168.10.*网段的机器挂载。 然后在192.168.10.213客户端进行挂载，发现就挂载不上了 [root@Client ~]# mount -t glusterfs 192.168.10.239:gluster_share /opt/gfsmount/ [root@Client ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/centos-root 38G 4.3G 33G 12% / devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 1.9G 8.6M 1.9G 1% /run tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/vda1 1014M 143M 872M 15% /boot /dev/mapper/centos-home 19G 33M 19G 1% /home tmpfs 380M 0 380M 0% /run/user/0 overlay 38G 4.3G 33G 12% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/9904ac8cbcba967de3262dc0d5e230c64ad3c1c53b588048e263767d36df8c1a/merged shm 64M 0 64M 0% /var/lib/docker/containers/222ec7f21b2495591613e0d1061e4405cd57f99ffaf41dbba1a98c350cd70f60/mounts/shm 接着修改授权信息 [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume set gluster_share auth.allow 192.168.10.* volume set: success [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info Volume Name: gluster_share Type: Distributed-Replicate Volume ID: a9f989bd-7edd-4089-836a-d9f742b8d37a Status: Started Number of Bricks: 2 x 2 = 4 Transport-type: tcp Bricks: Brick1: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster Brick2: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster Brick3: 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster Brick4: 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster Options Reconfigured: auth.allow: 192.168.10.* 然后再在192.168.10.213的客户端进行挂载测试，发现能挂载上了 [root@Client ~]# mount -t glusterfs 192.168.10.239:gluster_share /opt/gfsmount/ [root@Client ~]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/centos-root 38G 4.3G 33G 12% / devtmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 1.9G 8.6M 1.9G 1% /run tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/vda1 1014M 143M 872M 15% /boot /dev/mapper/centos-home 19G 33M 19G 1% /home tmpfs 380M 0 380M 0% /run/user/0 overlay 38G 4.3G 33G 12% /var/lib/docker/overlay2/9904ac8cbcba967de3262dc0d5e230c64ad3c1c53b588048e263767d36df8c1a/merged shm 64M 0 64M 0% /var/lib/docker/containers/222ec7f21b2495591613e0d1061e4405cd57f99ffaf41dbba1a98c350cd70f60/mounts/shm 192.168.10.239:gluster_share 2.0G 67M 2.0G 4% /opt/gfsmount
================Gluster的性能测试工具================
在一个节点起服务。比如这里在GlusterFS-master节点上启动： [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# yum install -y iperf [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# iperf -s ------------------------------------------------------------ Server listening on TCP port 5001 TCP window size: 85.3 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ 客户端连接上面的GlusterFS-master节点服务器，测试网络速度 [root@Client ~]# yum install -y iperf [root@Client ~]# iperf -c 192.168.10.239 ------------------------------------------------------------ Client connecting to 192.168.10.239, TCP port 5001 TCP window size: 85.0 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ [ 3] local 192.168.10.213 port 55276 connected with 192.168.10.239 port 5001 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 3] 0.0-10.0 sec 19.5 GBytes 16.7 Gbits/sec 节点服务器上也能查看到信息。因为是虚拟机环境，这里虚高了。 [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# iperf -s ------------------------------------------------------------ Server listening on TCP port 5001 TCP window size: 85.3 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ [ 4] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55276 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 4] 0.0-10.0 sec 19.5 GBytes 16.7 Gbits/sec 如果觉得压力不够，可以客户端多个进程一起发包。使用-P参数 ，客户端结果如下 [root@Client ~]# iperf -c 192.168.10.239 -P 10 ------------------------------------------------------------ Client connecting to 192.168.10.239, TCP port 5001 TCP window size: 85.0 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ [ 12] local 192.168.10.213 port 55296 connected with 192.168.10.239 port 5001 [ 6] local 192.168.10.213 port 55284 connected with 192.168.10.239 port 5001 [ 7] local 192.168.10.213 port 55286 connected with 192.168.10.239 port 5001 [ 3] local 192.168.10.213 port 55278 connected with 192.168.10.239 port 5001 [ 5] local 192.168.10.213 port 55282 connected with 192.168.10.239 port 5001 [ 4] local 192.168.10.213 port 55280 connected with 192.168.10.239 port 5001 [ 8] local 192.168.10.213 port 55288 connected with 192.168.10.239 port 5001 [ 9] local 192.168.10.213 port 55290 connected with 192.168.10.239 port 5001 [ 11] local 192.168.10.213 port 55294 connected with 192.168.10.239 port 5001 [ 10] local 192.168.10.213 port 55292 connected with 192.168.10.239 port 5001 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 12] 0.0-10.0 sec 3.18 GBytes 2.73 Gbits/sec [ 11] 0.0-10.0 sec 616 MBytes 516 Mbits/sec [ 10] 0.0-10.0 sec 3.26 GBytes 2.80 Gbits/sec [ 6] 0.0-10.0 sec 3.18 GBytes 2.72 Gbits/sec [ 7] 0.0-10.0 sec 3.18 GBytes 2.73 Gbits/sec [ 3] 0.0-10.0 sec 616 MBytes 516 Mbits/sec [ 4] 0.0-10.0 sec 3.07 GBytes 2.63 Gbits/sec [ 8] 0.0-10.0 sec 2.90 GBytes 2.49 Gbits/sec [ 9] 0.0-10.0 sec 2.89 GBytes 2.48 Gbits/sec [ 5] 0.0-10.0 sec 3.06 GBytes 2.62 Gbits/sec [SUM] 0.0-10.0 sec 25.9 GBytes 22.2 Gbits/sec 节点服务器上的信息： [root@GlusterFS-master ~]# iperf -s ------------------------------------------------------------ Server listening on TCP port 5001 TCP window size: 85.3 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ [ 4] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55276 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [ 4] 0.0-10.0 sec 19.5 GBytes 16.7 Gbits/sec [ 4] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55278 [ 5] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55280 [ 7] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55284 [ 6] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55282 [ 8] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55286 [ 9] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55288 [ 10] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55290 [ 13] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55294 [ 11] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55292 [ 12] local 192.168.10.239 port 5001 connected with 192.168.10.213 port 55296 [ 13] 0.0-10.5 sec 616 MBytes 491 Mbits/sec [ 4] 0.0-10.5 sec 616 MBytes 491 Mbits/sec [ 5] 0.0-10.5 sec 3.07 GBytes 2.50 Gbits/sec [ 7] 0.0-10.5 sec 3.18 GBytes 2.59 Gbits/sec [ 8] 0.0-10.5 sec 3.18 GBytes 2.59 Gbits/sec [ 9] 0.0-10.5 sec 2.90 GBytes 2.37 Gbits/sec [ 6] 0.0-10.5 sec 3.06 GBytes 2.49 Gbits/sec [ 10] 0.0-10.5 sec 2.89 GBytes 2.35 Gbits/sec [ 11] 0.0-10.5 sec 3.26 GBytes 2.65 Gbits/sec [ 12] 0.0-10.5 sec 3.18 GBytes 2.59 Gbits/sec [SUM] 0.0-10.5 sec 25.9 GBytes 21.1 Gbits/sec ----------------------------------------------------- dd工具测试：客户端写入速度和读取速度测试 [root@Client ~]# mount -t glusterfs 192.168.10.239:gluster_share /opt/gfsmount [root@Client ~]# df -h ....... 192.168.10.239:gluster_share 2.0G 68M 2.0G 4% /opt/gfsmount 测试写文件的速度（写入一个300M文件的速度） [root@Client ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/opt/gfsmount/grace bs=1M count=500 500+0 records in 500+0 records out 524288000 bytes (524 MB) copied, 0.981631 s, 534 MB/s [root@Client ~]# du -sh /opt/gfsmount/grace 500M /opt/gfsmount/grace 测试读文件的速度 [root@Client ~]# dd if=/opt/gfsmount/grace of=/dev/null bs=1M count=500 500+0 records in 500+0 records out 524288000 bytes (524 MB) copied, 1.00698 s, 521 MB/s 再次测试，虚拟机不是很稳定 [root@Client ~]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/opt/gfsmount/grace1 bs=1M count=500 500+0 records in 500+0 records out 524288000 bytes (524 MB) copied, 1.15882 s, 452 MB/s [root@Client ~]# dd if=/opt/gfsmount/grace1 of=/dev/null bs=1M count=500 500+0 records in 500+0 records out 524288000 bytes (524 MB) copied, 1.0682 s, 491 MB/s
================Gluster集群典型故障处理=================
1）复制卷数据不一致
故障现象：双副本卷数据出现不一致
故障模拟：删除其中一个brick数据
修复方法：访问文件触发自修复：
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
Volume Name: gluster_share
Type: Distributed-Replicate
Volume ID: a9f989bd-7edd-4089-836a-d9f742b8d37a
Status: Started
Number of Bricks: 2 x 2 = 4
Transport-type: tcp
Bricks:
Brick1: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster
Brick2: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster
Brick3: 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster
Brick4: 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster
Options Reconfigured:
客户端操作：
[root@Client ~]# df -h
.......
192.168.10.239:gluster_share 2.0G 1.1G 961M 53% /opt/gfsmount
[root@Client ~]# rm -rf /opt/gfsmount/*
[root@Client ~]# cd /opt/gfsmount/
[root@Client gfsmount]# touch a b c d e f g
客户端写入的数据分为两个replica放在了四个节点上
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# ls /data/gluster/
a b c e
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/
a b c e
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
d f g
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
d f g
模拟问题：
在GlusterFS-slave2机器上删除文件
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# cd /data/gluster/
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 gluster]# ls
d f g
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 gluster]# rm -rf d
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 gluster]# rm -rf f
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 gluster]# ls
g
GlusterFS-slave2的备份节点GlusterFS-slave3上有上面删除的数据
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 ~]# cd /data/gluster/
[root@GlusterFS-slave3 gluster]# ls
d f g
客户端上访问文件可以触发文件的自动修复
[root@Client ~]# cd /opt/gfsmount/
[root@Client gfsmount]# ls
a b c d e f g
[root@Client gfsmount]# cat d
[root@Client gfsmount]# cat f
再次到GlusterFS-slave2节点上查看，删除的数据就自动修复了
[root@GlusterFS-slave2 ~]# ls /data/gluster/
d f g
2）glusterfs集群节点配置信息不正确
故障模拟
删除server2部分配置信息
配置信息位置：/usr/local/glusterfs/var/lib/glusterd
修复方法
触发自修复：通过Gluster工具同步配置信息
gluster volume sync server1 all
恢复复制卷 brick
故障现象：双副本卷中一个brick损坏
恢复流程：
a）重新建立故障brick目录
# setfattr -n trusted.gfid -v
0x00000000000000000000000000000001 /data2
# setfattr -n trusted.glusterfs.dht -v
0x000000010000000000000000ffffffff /data2
# setfattr -n trusted.glusterfs.volume-id -v
0xcc51d546c0af4215a72077ad9378c2ac /data2
-v 的参数设置成你的值
b）设置扩展属性(参考另一个复制 brick)
c）重启 glusterd服务
d）触发数据自修复
# find /data/glusterd -type f -print0 | xargs -0 head -c1 >/dev/null
模拟删除brick的操作
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
Volume Name: gluster_share
Type: Distributed-Replicate
Volume ID: a9f989bd-7edd-4089-836a-d9f742b8d37a
Status: Started
Number of Bricks: 2 x 2 = 4
Transport-type: tcp
Bricks:
Brick1: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster
Brick2: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster
Brick3: 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster
Brick4: 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster
Options Reconfigured:
在GlusterFS-slave节点上删除brick数据
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/
a b c e
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# rm -rf /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ll /data/gluster
ls: cannot access /data/gluster: No such file or directory
接在在GlusterFS-slave的备份节点GlusterFS-master上操作，获取扩展属性（使用"yum search getfattr"命令getfattr工具的安装途径）
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# yum install -y attr.x86_64
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# cd /data/
[root@GlusterFS-master data]# getfattr -d -m . -e hex gluster/
# file: gluster/
security.selinux=0x756e636f6e66696e65645f753a6f626a6563745f723a756e6c6162656c65645f743a733000
trusted.gfid=0x00000000000000000000000000000001
trusted.glusterfs.dht=0x0000000100000000000000007ffffc25
trusted.glusterfs.volume-id=0xa9f989bd7edd4089836ad9f742b8d37a
注意下面的操作将根据上面的属性信息中的id进行操作
重新建立故障brick目录
恢复操作，扩展属性可以从GlusterFS-master节点机上获取的复制（注意上面属性中的id：0xa9f989bd7edd4089836ad9f742b8d37a），执行顺序没关系
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# mkdir /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# yum install -y attr.x86_64
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# getfattr -d -m . -e hex /data/gluster
getfattr: Removing leading \'/\' from absolute path names
# file: data/gluster
security.selinux=0x756e636f6e66696e65645f753a6f626a6563745f723a756e6c6162656c65645f743a733000
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# setfattr -n trusted.glusterfs.volume-id -v 0xa9f989bd7edd4089836ad9f742b8d37a /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# getfattr -d -m . -e hex /data/gluster
getfattr: Removing leading \'/\' from absolute path names
# file: data/gluster
security.selinux=0x756e636f6e66696e65645f753a6f626a6563745f723a756e6c6162656c65645f743a733000
trusted.glusterfs.volume-id=0xa9f989bd7edd4089836ad9f742b8d37a
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# setfattr -n trusted.gfid -v 0x00000000000000000000000000000001 /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# setfattr -n trusted.glusterfs.dht -v 0x0000000100000000000000007ffffc25 /data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# getfattr -d -m . -e hex /data/gluster
getfattr: Removing leading \'/\' from absolute path names
# file: data/gluster
security.selinux=0x756e636f6e66696e65645f753a6f626a6563745f723a756e6c6162656c65645f743a733000
trusted.gfid=0x00000000000000000000000000000001
trusted.glusterfs.dht=0x0000000100000000000000007ffffc25
trusted.glusterfs.volume-id=0xa9f989bd7edd4089836ad9f742b8d37a
重启gluster服务
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ps -ef|grep gluster
root 4909 1 0 15:12 ? 00:00:01 /usr/local/glusterfs/sbin/glusterfs -s localhost --volfile-id gluster/glustershd -p /usr/local/glusterfs/var/lib/glusterd/glustershd/run/glustershd.pid -l /usr/local/glusterfs/var/log/glusterfs/glustershd.log -S /var/run/f9f65f2dbb0c193ecab167839d75699e.socket --xlator-option *replicate*.node-uuid=f8e69297-4690-488e-b765-c1c404810d6a
root 5069 5044 0 17:31 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto gluster
root 32450 1 0 Apr08 ? 00:00:26 /usr/local/glusterfs/sbin/glusterd
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ps -ef|grep gluster|awk \'{print $2}\'|xargs kill -9
kill: sending signal to 5071 failed: No such process
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ps -ef|grep gluster
root 5078 5044 0 17:32 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# /usr/local/glusterfs/sbin/glusterd
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ps -ef|grep gluster
root 5080 1 14 17:32 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/glusterfs/sbin/glusterd
root 5212 5044 0 17:32 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color=auto gluster
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]# ls /data/gluster/
[root@GlusterFS-slave ~]#
可以尝试通过下面三种方法进行数据恢复
a）重启gluster服务后，Gluster-slave节点的数据。如果没有恢复，那么就尝试第2种方法
b）在客户端的挂载点下cat那些删除的文件或者再写入新数据，去触发自动修复。如果还没有恢复。那么尝试第3种方法
c）重启gluster_share卷
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume stop gluster_share
Stopping volume will make its data inaccessible. Do you want to continue? (y/n) y
volume stop: gluster_share: success
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume start gluster_share
volume start: gluster_share: success
[root@GlusterFS-master ~]# gluster volume info
Volume Name: gluster_share
Type: Distributed-Replicate
Volume ID: a9f989bd-7edd-4089-836a-d9f742b8d37a
Status: Started
Number of Bricks: 2 x 2 = 4
Transport-type: tcp
Bricks:
Brick1: 192.168.10.239:/data/gluster
Brick2: 192.168.10.212:/data/gluster
Brick3: 192.168.10.204:/data/gluster
Brick4: 192.168.10.220:/data/gluster
[root@GlusterFS-maste以上是关于GlusterFS分布式存储集群部署记录-相关补充的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章