10-部署配置dashboard插件

Posted 2020-10-30 程序员同行者

配置和安装 dashboard

官方文件目录：kubernetes/cluster/addons/dashboard

我们需要使用的yaml文件

$ ls *.yaml
dashboard-controller.yaml  dashboard-service.yaml dashboard-rbac.yaml

已经修改好的 yaml 文件见：dashboard

由于 kube-apiserver 启用了 RBAC 授权，而官方源码目录的 dashboard-controller.yaml 没有定义授权的 ServiceAccount，所以后续访问 kube-apiserver 的 API 时会被拒绝，web中提示：

Forbidden (403)

User "system:serviceaccount:kube-system:default" cannot list jobs.batch in the namespace "default". (get jobs.batch)

增加了一个dashboard-rbac.yaml文件，定义一个名为 dashboard 的 ServiceAccount，然后将它和 Cluster Role view 绑定。

配置dashboard-service

# cat dashboard-service.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
spec:
  type: NodePort 
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  ports:
  - port: 80
    targetPort: 9090

• 指定端口类型为 NodePort，这样外界可以通过地址 nodeIP:nodePort 访问 dashboard；

配置dashboard-controller

# cat dashboard-controller.yaml 
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kube-system
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    kubernetes.io/cluster-service: "true"
    addonmanager.kubernetes.io/mode: Reconcile
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
      annotations:
        scheduler.alpha.kubernetes.io/critical-pod: ‘‘
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: dashboard
      containers:
      - name: kubernetes-dashboard
        image: index.tenxcloud.com/jimmy/kubernetes-dashboard-amd64:v1.6.0
        resources:
          limits:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 50Mi
          requests:
            cpu: 100m
            memory: 50Mi
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9090
        livenessProbe:
          httpGet:
            path: /
            port: 9090
          initialDelaySeconds: 30
          timeoutSeconds: 30
      tolerations:
      - key: "CriticalAddonsOnly"
        operator: "Exists"

dashboard-rbac文件如下

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: dashboard
  namespace: kube-system

---

kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
metadata:
  name: dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: dashboard
    namespace: kube-system
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io

执行所有yaml文件

# pwd
/root/yaml/dashboard
# ls *.yaml
dashboard-controller.yaml  dashboard-service.yaml dashboard-rbac.yaml
#  kubectl  create -f .
deployment "kubernetes-dashboard" created
serviceaccount "dashboard" created
clusterrolebinding "dashboard" created
service "kubernetes-dashboard" created

检查执行结果

查看分配的 NodePort

#kubectl get services kubernetes-dashboard -n kube-system
NAME                   CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
kubernetes-dashboard   10.254.142.130   <nodes>       80:31761/TCP   1h

• NodePort 31761映射到 dashboard pod 80端口；

检查 controller状态

#kubectl get deployment kubernetes-dashboard  -n kube-system
NAME                    DESIRED   CURRENT   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
kubernetes-dashboard   1         1         1            1           1h

#  kubectl get pods  -n kube-system | grep dashboard
kubernetes-dashboard-2888692679-bpz89   1/1       Running   0          1h

访问dashboard

有以下三种方式：

• kubernetes-dashboard 服务暴露了 NodePort，可以使用 http://NodeIP:nodePort 地址访问 dashboard；
• 通过 kube-apiserver 访问 dashboard（https 6443端口和http 8080端口方式）；
• 通过 kubectl proxy 访问 dashboard：

通过 kubectl proxy 访问 dashboard

启动代理

$ kubectl proxy --address=‘192.168.1.121‘ --port=8086 --accept-hosts=‘^*$‘
Starting to serve on 192.168.1.121:8086

• 需要指定 --accept-hosts 选项，否则浏览器访问 dashboard 页面时提示 “Unauthorized”；

浏览器访问 URL：http://192.168.1.121:8086/ui
自动跳转到：http://192.168.1.121:8086/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard/#/workload?namespace=default

通过 kube-apiserver 访问dashboard

获取集群服务地址列表

$ kubectl cluster-info
Kubernetes master is running at https://192.168.1.121:6443
KubeDNS is running at https://192.168.1.121:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kube-dns
kubernetes-dashboard is running at https://192.168.1.121:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard

浏览器访问 URL：https://172.20.0.113:6443/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard（浏览器会提示证书验证，因为通过加密通道，以改方式访问的话，需要提前导入证书到你的计算机中）。这是我当时在这遇到的坑：通过 kube-apiserver 访问dashboard，提示User "system:anonymous" cannot proxy services in the namespace "kube-system". #5，已经解决。

导入证书

将生成的admin.pem证书转换格式

openssl pkcs12 -export -in admin.pem  -out admin.p12 -inkey admin-key.pem

将生成的admin.p12证书导入的你的电脑，导出的时候记住你设置的密码，导入的时候还要用到。

如果你不想使用https的话，可以直接访问insecure port 8080端口:
http://192.168.1.121:8080/api/v1/proxy/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard

• 选择其中一种方式访问即可

由于缺少 Heapster 插件，当前 dashboard 不能展示 Pod、Nodes 的 CPU、内存等 metric 图形，后续补上Heapster