从QQ密码修改的小问题回顾下URL Fragment

Posted 2020-10-29 taobao1

改变＃不会导致页面重新加载，但是会改变浏览器历史记录

关于这点很容易测试，假设当前访问的页面是http://www.qq.com，打开控制台，分别输入如下命令看下区别（是否刷新），然后，再查看window.history有什么区别（历史记录是否变化）

location.href += ‘#caper‘;  //页面不会刷新
location.href += ‘?visitor=caper‘;  //页面刷新

在普通的网页浏览中，我们每点击一个网页链接，就会在浏览器历史记录中新增一条浏览记录，并通过浏览器的导航功能轻松进行‘上一步‘、‘下一步‘的操作。

但对于ajax应用，url通常是不会变化的，尤其是单页面应用。这也就意味着，用户习以为常的浏览器导航功能（上一步、下一步）失去了作用，这在体验上是比较糟糕的。通过＃，开发者可以利用不同的id，标识当前页面所处状态，提升用户体验。

 

5、JS中可以通过window.location.hash来读取或改变＃的值

没什么好讲的，可结上一点简单测试下 :)

 

6、谷歌的网络蜘蛛默认会忽略＃后面的内容

谷歌网络蜘蛛负责爬取网页的内容，以及网页里面的链接，它们会成为google搜索索引的一部分。网络蜘蛛会抓取并分析html，但由于它并不是浏览器程序，也没有javascript引擎，页面上用来加载显示内容的javascript并不会被执行。因此，＃后面的字符会被网络蜘蛛忽视，只抓取＃前面的内容，举例：

链接一：http://www.cnblogs.com/#casper
链接二：http://www.cnblogs.com/#chyingp

对于网络蜘蛛来说，链接一、链接二其实是一样的，它只会抓取http://www.cnblogs.com的内容，尽管两个链接可能展示的是不同的内容

这点无论对于开发者，还是搜索引擎都是不利的，前者辛苦创作的内容(应用)少了很多被访问的机会，而后者则失去了进一步丰富其内容索引的机会，特别是在ajax应用越来越多的今天。

为了解决这个问题，google提供了一个解决方案：hash bang，只要将＃改成#!即可，实现大致为：当网络蜘蛛遇到#!时候，会自动将#!identifier转成_escaped_fragment_=identifier形式的参数，修改下之前的链接

 

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