因为意外导致某个mysql的从服务器宕机,且不可修复,因为是业务数据库,不能停机和锁表进行从库的搭建,所以考虑了使用xtrabackup 进行在线主从搭建。
一、数据库环境
数据库 |
数据库版本 |
外网IP |
内网IP |
同步用户 |
备份目录 |
主库 |
MYSQL-5.6.7 |
211.147.1.202 |
192.168.0.123 |
rep |
|
从库 |
MYSQL-5.6.7 |
211.147.1.202 |
192.168.0.13 |
二、准备安装包
percona-xtrabackup-2.1.9-744-Linux-x86_64.tar.gz
yum install perl-DBI
yum install perl-DBD -MySQL
yum install perl-Time-HiRes
yum install perl-lO-Socket-SSL
三、安装
1.1、安装 xtrabackup 包
[[email protected]] #tar -xvf percona-xtrabackup-2.1.9-744-Linux-x86_64.tar.gz
[[email protected] soft]# cd percona-xtrabackup-2.1.9-Linux-x86_64/
[[email protected] percona-xtrabackup-2.1.9-Linux-x86_64]# ls
bin share
[[email protected] percona-xtrabackup-2.1.9-Linux-x86_64]# cd bin/
[[email protected] bin]# ls
innobackupex innobackupex-1.5.1 xbcrypt xbstream xtrabackup xtrabackup_55 xtrabackup_56
[[email protected] bin]# pwd
/data/soft/percona-xtrabackup-2.1.9-Linux-x86_64/bin
1.2、将innobackupex,xtrabackup等文件拷贝到*/mysql/bin 的目录下
[[email protected] bin]# cp * /data/soft/mysql/bin/
[[email protected] bin]# ln -s /data/soft/mysql/bin/* /usr/bin/
主从环境都要搭建到此位置。
2、数据库 创建复制用户和备份用户
2.1 在主库上创建备份用户
mysql> CREATE USER ‘bkpuser‘@‘localhost‘ IDENTIFIED BY ‘bkppass‘;
mysql> GRANT RELOAD, LOCK TABLES, REPLICATION CLIENT,PROCESS,SUPER ON *.* TO ‘bkpuser‘@‘localhost‘;
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
2.2在主库上创建复制用户
mysql>grant replication slave,reload,super on *.* to [email protected] identified by ‘xxxxx‘;
mysql>flush privileges;
3.1 开始全量备份
需要修改下配置文件,但是不需要重启;加上以下俩个参数,否则在备份时候会报错。主从都要添加两行参数。
[[email protected] bin]# cat /etc/my.cnf
innodb_log_file_size = 5M
datadir=/data/mysql5
3.2 开始备份
[[email protected] soft]# export BKP_PASS="bkppass"
[[email protected] soft]# innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --host=‘localhost‘ --port=3306 --user=bkpuser --password=${BKP_PASS} /data/soft/(备份位置)
备份成功显示如下字样:
171024 09:07:45 innobackupex: Connection to database server closed
171024 09:07:45 innobackupex: completed OK!
3.3 把备份传到从库的服务器上
[[email protected] soft]# scp -r 2017-10-26_21-49-35 192.168.0.13:/data/soft
4、从库操作
4.1 全量恢复
[[email protected] soft]# innobackupex --use-memory=2G --apply-log /data/soft/2017-10-26_21-49-35/
成功显示如下字样
171024 17:11:04 innobackupex: completed OK!
4.2 确认从库的是关闭的(停掉从库),datadir 目录是空的,开始恢复数据
[[email protected] bin]# cat /etc/my.cnf
server-id = 2 #不要和主库的重复
[[email protected] mysql5]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
[[email protected] mysql5]# cd /data/mysql5/
[[email protected] mysql5]# rm -rf *
[[email protected] mysql5]# innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --copy-back /data/soft/2017-10-26_21-49-35/
71024 17:13:09 innobackupex: completed OK!
4.3 修改数据的属组 属主
[[email protected] mysql5]# chown mysql:mysql /data/mysql5 -R
4.4 启动数据库
[[email protected] mysql5]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.. [确定]
[[email protected] mysql5]# mysql -uroot -pxxxxxx
5.1 、修改复制起始位置
[email protected] mysql5]# cd /data/soft/2017-10-26_21-49-35/
[email protected] mysql5]# cat xtrabackup_binlog_info
mysql-bin.000002 532 (记住文件偏移量和位置)
mysql> change master to master_host=‘192.168.0.123‘,master_user=‘rep‘,master_password=‘xxxxxx‘,master_log_file=‘mysql-bin.000002‘,master_log_pos=532;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.23 sec)
5.2 查看从库同步状态
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State:
Master_Host: 192.168.20.3
Master_User: rep
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1390
Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000001
Relay_Log_Pos: 4
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005
Slave_IO_Running: No
Slave_SQL_Running: No
注意:要在主库赋予新的从库复制权限
在主库上执行:
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to [email protected]‘192.168.0.13‘ identified by ‘xxxxxx‘;
在从库上开启复制进程:
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.20.3
Master_User: rep
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1390
Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 267
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
6、施工后校验
1: 主库新建测试表rep_test,并在从库查看是否创建成功
【MASTER】
#mysql -u root -p****** -h127.0.0.1
mysql>use laclocal;
mysql>create table rep_test (id int,name varchar(20));
【SLAVE】
#mysql -u root -p******
mysql>use laclocal;
mysql>show create table rep_test;
2: 主库对rep_test测试表进行增删改查测试,并在从库查看该表是否进行了相应的改动
3: 主库对rep_test进行删除表操作,并在从库查看是否删除成功
【MASTER】
#mysql -u root -p******
mysql>use laclocal;
mysql>drop table rep_test;
【SLAVE】
#mysql -u root -p******
mysql>use laclocal;
mysql>show columns from rep_test;
7、基于 xtrabackup 进行在线主从搭建施工完毕!