Linux下源码安装nginx服务器以及部分配置

Posted 2020-07-09

    

    nginx ("engine x") 是一个高性能的HTTP和反向代理服务器，也是一个IMAP/POP3/SMTP服务器。Nginx是由Igor Sysoev为俄罗斯访问量第二的Rambler.ru站点开发的，第一个公开版本0.1.0发布于2004年10月4日。其将源代码以类BSD许可证的形式发布，因它的稳定性、丰富的功能集、示例配置文件和低系统资源的消耗而闻名。2011年6月1日，nginx 1.0.4发布。

    Nginx是一款轻量级的Web 服务器/反向代理服务器及电子邮件（IMAP/POP3）代理服务器，并在一个BSD-like 协议下发行。由俄罗斯的程序设计师Igor Sysoev所开发，供俄国大型的入口网站及搜索引擎Rambler（俄文：Рамблер）使用。其特点是占有内存少，并发能力强，事实上nginx的并发能力确实在同类型的网页服务器中表现较好，中国大陆使用nginx网站用户有：京东、新浪、网易、腾讯、淘宝等。

一、这里为大家演示nginx的源码安装过程：

首先是要去网上download安装所需要的软件包，这里默认为大家yum源已经配好。

1、# download nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz &&tar -zxf nginx-1.8.1.tar.gz    #下载并解压软件包

2、# cd nginx-1.8.1/src/core/            #修改配置文件，这里是将版本号进行了自定义

       修改配置文件nginx-1.8.1/src/core/nginx.h

#define nginx_version      1008001

#define NGINX_VERSION      "1.8.1"

#define NGINX_VER          "nginx/" NGINX_VERSION

修改如下所示：

#define nginx_version      1008001

#define NGINX_VERSION      "1.8.1"

#define NGINX_VER                   "nginx/"

3、# cd auto/cc/

修改配置文件：vimauto/cc/gcc的179行文件

178 # debug

179 CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"

修改如下所示：

178 # debug

179 #CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"        #将这一行注释掉

4、执行configure文件

[[email protected] nginx-1.8.1]# ./configure--prefix=/usr/local/lnmp/nginx --with-http_ssl_module--with-http_stub_status_module        #进行编译并制定目录与参数

 

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/lnmp/nginx--with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --add-module=/root/nginx-sticky-module-1.0             #需要sticky时加上这个参数，指向文件存放的位置

5、# make && make install

二、安装完成好以后，我们进行相关的配置：

1、首先把nginx的启动脚本路径加入到环境变量中，

# vim ~/.bash_profile

PATH:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/local/lnmp/nginx/sbin    #在这句后面加入nginx的sbin路径

# source ~/.bash_profile        #把更改的文件刷新一遍就可以使用了

[[email protected] conf]# nginx        #开启nginx服务，默认端口为80，注意不要和httpd服务冲突

测试结果可以看到信息：

编辑/etc/security/limits.conf文件，增加条目   如下：

编辑nginx配置文件nginx.conf

查看系统所允许的最大数

下面是压测结果：

[[email protected] html]# ab -n 10000 -c 1000http://172.25.9.109/index.html

This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3<$Revision: 655654 $>

Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus TechnologyLtd, http://www.zeustech.net/

Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation,http://www.apache.org/ 

Benchmarking 172.25.9.109 (be patient)

Completed 1000 requests

Completed 2000 requests

Completed 3000 requests

Completed 4000 requests

Completed 5000 requests

Completed 6000 requests

Completed 7000 requests

Completed 8000 requests

Completed 9000 requests

Completed 10000 requests

Finished 10000 requests

 

Server Software:        nginx

Server Hostname:        172.25.9.109

Server Port:            80

 

Document Path:          /index.html

Document Length:        56 bytes

 

Concurrency Level:      1000

Time taken for tests:   0.961 seconds

Complete requests:      10000

Failed requests:        985

  (Connect: 0, Receive: 0, Length: 985, Exceptions: 0)

Write errors:           0

Non-2xx responses:      985

Total transferred:      2878845 bytes

HTML transferred:       691802 bytes

Requests per second:    10405.95 [#/sec] (mean)

Time per request:       96.099 [ms] (mean)

Time per request:       0.096 [ms] (mean, across all concurrentrequests)

Transfer rate:          2925.50 [Kbytes/sec] received

 

Connection Times (ms)

              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max

Connect:        0   7   7.5      5     36

Processing:     2  11   9.9      8    216

Waiting:        1   9   9.8      6    215

Total:          6  18  15.8     12    229

 

Percentage of the requests served within acertain time (ms)

 50%     12

 66%     14

 75%     16

 80%     17

 90%     56

 95%     62

 98%     63

 99%     64

 100%   229 (longest request)

编辑配置文件nginx.conf

 server {

       listen       443 ssl;    #监听端口，这里为https的请求

       server_name  localhost;

 

       ssl_certificate      cert.pem;        #证书

       ssl_certificate_key  cert.pem;        #钥匙

 

       ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;

       ssl_session_timeout  5m;

 

       ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;

       ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

 

       location / {

           root   html;

           index  index.html index.htm;        #默认发布页文件

       }

 

生成自定义证书，并把它移动到/usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/下：

[[email protected] conf]# cd /etc/pki/tls/certs/

[[email protected] certs]# make cert.pem

umask 77 ; \

       PEM1=`/bin/mktemp/tmp/openssl.XXXXXX` ; \

       PEM2=`/bin/mktemp/tmp/openssl.XXXXXX` ; \

       /usr/bin/opensslreq -utf8 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout $PEM1 -nodes -x509 -days 365 -out $PEM2-set_serial 0 ; \

       cat$PEM1 >  cert.pem ; \

       echo""    >> cert.pem ; \

       cat$PEM2 >> cert.pem ; \

       rm-f $PEM1 $PEM2

Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key

....+++

..............................+++

writing new private key to‘/tmp/openssl.6aOmZy‘

-----

You are about to be asked to enterinformation that will be incorporated

into your certificate request.

What you are about to enter is what iscalled a Distinguished Name or a DN.

There are quite a few fields but you canleave some blank

For some fields there will be a defaultvalue,

If you enter ‘.‘, the field will be leftblank.

-----

Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN        #国家

State or Province Name (full name)[]:Shaanxi    #省份

Locality Name (eg, city) [DefaultCity]:xi‘an    #城市

Organization Name (eg, company) [DefaultCompany Ltd]:server   #公司

Organizational Unit Name (eg, section)[]:server1        #组织

Common Name (eg, your name or your server‘shostname) []:server1    #个人名字

Email Address []:[e-mail]    #邮箱

[[email protected] certs]# ls

ca-bundle.crt        cert.pem         Makefile

ca-bundle.trust.crt  make-dummy-cert  renew-dummy-cert

[[email protected] certs]# mv cert.pem/usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/    #将生成的文件移动到nginx的配置文件目录下

[[email protected] conf]# nginx -t        #检查nginx配置文件语法是否有错

nginx: the configuration file/usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok

nginx: configuration file/usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

[[email protected] conf]# nginx -s reload    #重载nginx

   

编辑配置文件nginx.conf

      server {

                listen       80;        #监听80端口

                server_name  wwwNaN.com alias  pt.com;     #以wwwNaN.com或pt.com来访问的去下面 /virualhost/wwwNaN.com目录查找

 

                location / {

                root   /virualhost/wwwNaN.com;

                index  index.html index.htm;

                }

       }

 

       server {

                listen       80;    #监听80端口

                server_name  wwwNaN1.com;    #以wwwNaN1.com来访问的去下面 /virualhost/wwwNaN1.com目录查找

 

                location / {

               root   /virualhost/wwwNaN1.com;

                index  index.html index.htm;

                }

       }

[[email protected] conf]# nginx -t        #检查nginx配置文件语法是否有错

nginx: the configuration file/usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok

nginx: configuration file/usr/local/lnmp/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful

[[email protected] conf]# nginx -s reload    #重载nginx

 

[[email protected] conf]# mkdir -p/virualhost/wwwNaN.com    #创建虚拟主机目录

[[email protected] conf]# mkdir -p/virualhost/wwwNaN1.com    #创建虚拟主机目录

[[email protected] conf]# touch /virualhost/wwwNaN.com/index.html

[[email protected] conf]# touch /virualhost/wwwNaN1.com/index.html

[[email protected] conf]# echo wwwNaN.com >/virualhost/wwwNaN.com/index.html   #测试页文件 

[[email protected] conf]# echo wwwNaN1.com >/virualhost/wwwNaN1.com/index.html      #测试页文件

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