Hibernate4集成 Annotation使用教程

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Spring4 MVC Hibernate4集成 Annotation

一、    本文所用环境

Spring4.0.3.RELEASE、Hibernate4.3.5.Final、mysql

二、    工程目录

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三、    Maven添加依赖

用Maven创建项目，pom.xml如下： 

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四、    新建数据库表

数据库采用Mysql，新建user表，我们演示操作此表对user进行增删改查

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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `user`;
CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `nice_name` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
  `name` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=29 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
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在model层下，创建Entity类Users.java见下

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package com.lei.demo.model;

import java.io.Serializable;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity(name="User")
public class User implements Serializable {
    
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    public User(){
        super();
    }

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
    @Column(name="id")
    private Long id;
    
    @Column(name="name",length=32)
    private String name;
    
    @Column(name="age")
    private Integer age;
    
    @Column(name="nice_name",length=32)
    private String nice_name;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User [id=" + id + ", user_name=" + name + ", age=" + age
                + ", nice_name=" + nice_name + "]";
    }

    public final Long getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public final void setId(Long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public final String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public final void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public final Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public final void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public final String getNice_name() {
        return nice_name;
    }

    public final void setNice_name(String nice_name) {
        this.nice_name = nice_name;
    }

}
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五、    配置文件

1.        首先看一下Web.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
    xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" 
        id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:/spring-*.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <!-- 定义DispatcherServlet -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <!-- 默认/WEB-INF/[servlet名字]-servlet.xml加载上下文， 
          如果配置了contextConfigLocation参数，
          将使用classpath:/mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml加载上下文
      -->
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:/mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <!-- 拦截匹配的请求，这里所有请求采用名字为mvc-dispatcher的DispatcherServlet处理 -->
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
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2.        mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
        ">
        
    <!-- 启动自动扫描该包下所有的Bean(例如@Controller) -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.lei.demo" />
    
    <!-- 基于注释的事务，当注释中发现@Transactional时，使用id为“transactionManager”的事务管理器  -->
    <!-- 如果没有设置transaction-manager的值，则spring以缺省默认的事务管理器来处理事务，默认事务管理器为第一个加载的事务管理器 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>
    
    <!-- 定义视图解析器 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix">
            <value>/WEB-INF/jsp/</value>
        </property>
        <property name="suffix">
            <value>.jsp</value>
        </property>
    </bean>
   
</beans>
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3.        Spring-hibernate的整合

spring-hibernate.xml文件

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
        ">

    <!-- Hibernate4 -->
    <!-- 加载资源文件  其中包含变量信息，必须在Spring配置文件的最前面加载，即第一个加载-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:persistence-mysql.properties" />
    
    <bean id="sessionFactory" 
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <property name="packagesToScan">
            <list>
                <!-- 可以加多个包 -->
                <value>com.lei.demo.model</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 数据库映射 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
      <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
      <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
      <property name="username" value="${jdbc.user}" />
      <property name="password" value="${jdbc.pass}" />
   </bean>
   
    <!-- 配置Hibernate事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
      <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
   </bean>
   
   <!-- 配置事务异常封装 -->
   <bean id="persistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" 
       class="org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" />
    
</beans>
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资源文件persistence-mysql.properties如下：

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# jdbc.X
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.150.63:3306/test?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true
jdbc.user=root
jdbc.pass=root111111

# hibernate.X
hibernate.connection.driverClass=org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver
hibernate.connection.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.150.63:3306/test
hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
hibernate.connection.username=root
hibernate.connection.password=root111111
hibernate.show_sql=true
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六、    Model层

此处model层只有一个User类，见前文user.java。

七、    DAO层

DAO层包括3个包，各个包中类如下：

com.lei.demo.dao.common: IOperations, AbstractHibernateDao

com.lei.demo.dao: IUserDao

com.lei.demo.dao.impl: UserDao

代码如下：

IOperations.java，通用的操作接口

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package com.lei.demo.dao.common;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

/*
 * 通用的操作接口
 */
public interface IOperations<T extends Serializable> {
     
        T findOne(final long id);

        List<T> findAll();

        void create(final T entity);

        T update(final T entity);

        void delete(final T entity);

        void deleteById(final long entityId);

}
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AbstractHibernateDao.java实现了IOperations接口，所有DAO都需要继承此类，这样就避免重复的写一些CURD。

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package com.lei.demo.dao.common;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import com.google.common.base.Preconditions;

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public abstract class AbstractHibernateDao<T extends Serializable> implements IOperations<T> {
    
    private Class<T> clazz;
    
    @Resource(name="sessionFactory")
    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

    protected final void setClazz(final Class<T> clazzToSet) {
        this.clazz = Preconditions.checkNotNull(clazzToSet);
    }
    
    protected final Session getCurrentSession() {
        return sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
    }

    @Override
    public final T findOne(final long id) {
        return (T)getCurrentSession().get(clazz, id);
    }

    @Override
    public final List<T> findAll() {
        return getCurrentSession().createQuery("from " + clazz.getName()).list();
    }

    @Override
    public final void create(final T entity) {
         Preconditions.checkNotNull(entity);
         // getCurrentSession().persist(entity);
         getCurrentSession().saveOrUpdate(entity);
    }

    @Override
    public final T update(final T entity) {
        Preconditions.checkNotNull(entity);
        getCurrentSession().update(entity);
        return entity;
        //return (T)getCurrentSession().merge(entity);
    }

    @Override
    public final void delete(final T entity) {
         Preconditions.checkNotNull(entity);
         getCurrentSession().delete(entity);
    }

    @Override
    public final void deleteById(final long entityId) {
        final T entity = findOne(entityId);
        Preconditions.checkState(entity != null);
        delete(entity);
    }
    
}
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IUserDao.java具体的DAO的接口，继承了IOperations

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package com.lei.demo.dao;

import com.lei.demo.dao.common.IOperations;
import com.lei.demo.model.User;

public interface IUserDao extends IOperations<User> {
    //让所有的DAO都实现基本的操作接口IOperations
    //除了实现IOperations中的基本操作之外，特定的DAO要实现其他操作可以在对应的接口DAO中定义方法，
    //此处UserDao的接口IUserDao不需要实现其他方法
}
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UserDao.java具体的DAO实现

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package com.lei.demo.dao.impl;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import com.lei.demo.dao.IUserDao;
import com.lei.demo.dao.common.AbstractHibernateDao;
import com.lei.demo.model.User;

@Repository("usersDao")
public class UserDao extends AbstractHibernateDao<User> implements IUserDao {

    public UserDao() {
        super();
        
        setClazz(User.class);
    }
}
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至此，DAO层已经完成。

八、    Service层

Service层包括3个包，各个包中类如下：

com.lei.demo.service.common: AbstractService

com.lei.demo.service: IUserService

com.lei.demo.service.impl: UserService

 

AbstractService.java,实现了IOperations，所有的Service都要继承此类，这样就避免了重复实现通用的方法，注意类前的注释“@Transactional

”，表示其中所有的方法都需要引入事务，代码如下：

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package com.lei.demo.service.common;

import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

import com.lei.demo.dao.common.IOperations;

@Transactional
public abstract class AbstractService<T extends Serializable> implements IOperations<T> {
    
    protected abstract IOperations<T> getDao();

    @Override
    public T findOne(final long id) {
        return getDao().findOne(id);
    }

    @Override
    public List<T> findAll() {
        return getDao().findAll();
    }

    @Override
    public void create(final T entity) {
        getDao().create(entity);
    }

    @Override
    public T update(final T entity) {
        return getDao().update(entity);
    }

    @Override
    public void delete(final T entity) {
        getDao().delete(entity);
    }

    @Override
    public void deleteById(long entityId) {
        getDao().deleteById(entityId);
    }

}
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IUserService.java接口

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package com.lei.demo.service;

import com.lei.demo.dao.common.IOperations;
import com.lei.demo.model.User;

public interface IUserService extends IOperations<User> {

}
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UserService.java，具体的Service实现类就很简单了，因为大部分通用的方法都在其继承的虚类AbstractService中实现了，这里只要注入具体的dao即可：

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package com.lei.demo.service.impl;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.lei.demo.dao.IUserDao;
import com.lei.demo.dao.common.IOperations;
import com.lei.demo.model.User;
import com.lei.demo.service.IUserService;
import com.lei.demo.service.common.AbstractService;

@Service("userService")
public class UserService extends AbstractService<User> implements IUserService {

    @Resource(name="usersDao")
    private IUserDao dao;
    
    public UserService() {
        super();
    }

    @Override
    protected IOperations<User> getDao() {
        return this.dao;
    }
}
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九、    JSP页面和Controller

Jsp页面放在WEB-INF/jsp/user/…下，分别是user的增删改查页面，

WEB-INF/jsp/user/add.jsp

WEB-INF/jsp/user/edit.jsp

WEB-INF/jsp/user/list.jsp

WEB-INF/jsp/user/detail.jsp

 

以下是具体页面代码

WEB-INF/jsp/user/add.jsp

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
 <%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Add User</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="add" method="post">
        
        Name:<input id="name" name="name" type="text" />
        <br>
        Nice Name:<input id="nice_name" name="nice_name" type="text" />
        <br>
        Age:<input id="age" name="age" type="text" />
        <br>
        <input type="submit" value="提交">
    </form>
</body>
</html>
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WEB-INF/jsp/user/edit.jsp

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="form" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Edit user</title>
</head>
<body>
    <c:url var="saveUrl" value="/user/save/${userAttribute.id }" />
    <form:form modelAttribute="userAttribute" action="${saveUrl }">
        <table>
            <tr>
                <td>ID:</td>
                <td><form:input path="id" readonly="true"/></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>Name:</td>
                <td><form:input path="name"/></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>Nice name:</td>
                <td><form:input path="nice_name"/></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>Age:</td>
                <td><form:input path="age"/></td>
            </tr>
        </table>
        <input type="submit" value="Save">
    </form:form>
</body>
</html>
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WEB-INF/jsp/user/list.jsp

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>User List</title>
</head>
<body>
    <a href="add">Add</a>
    <table>
        <tr>
            <td>ID</td>
            <td>Name</td>
            <td>NiceName</td>
            <td>Age</td>
        </tr>
        <c:forEach var="user" items="${userList }" >
            <tr>
                <td>${user.id }</td>
                <td>${user.name }</td>
                <td>${user.nice_name }</td>
                <td>${user.age }</td>
                <td><a href="show/${user.id }">详细</a></td>
                <td><a href="edit/${user.id }">编辑</a></td>
                <td><a href="del/${user.id }">删除</a></td>
            </tr>
        </c:forEach>
    </table>
</body>
</html>
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WEB-INF/jsp/user/detail.jsp

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<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Show user</title>
</head>
<body>
    <c:out value="${user.id }"></c:out>
    <br>
    <c:out value="${user.name }"></c:out>
    <br>
    <c:out value="${user.nice_name }"></c:out>
    <br>
    <c:out value="${user.age }"></c:out>
</body>
</html>
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写Controller访问上边的jsp，UserController.java

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package com.lei.demo.controller;

import java.util.List;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import com.lei.demo.model.User;
import com.lei.demo.service.IUserService;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

    @Resource(name="userService")
    private IUserService userService;
    
    @RequestMapping(value="/count",method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView userCount() {
        
        int count = userService.findAll().size();
        
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        mv.addObject("userCount", count);
        mv.setViewName("user/userCount");
        return mv;
    }
    
    @RequestMapping(value="/list",method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView getUserlist(Model model){
        
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        List<User> userList = userService.findAll();
        System.out.println("log======table ‘user‘ all records:"+userList.size());
        mv.addObject("userList", userList);
        mv.setViewName("user/list");
        return mv;
    }
    
    @RequestMapping(value="/add",method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView getAdd(){
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        mv.setViewName("user/add");
        return mv;
    }
    
    @RequestMapping(value="/add",method=RequestMethod.POST)
    public String add(@ModelAttribute("user") User user){
        userService.create(user);
        return "redirect:/user/list";
    }
    
    @RequestMapping(value="/show/{userid}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView show(@PathVariable Long userid){
        User user = userService.findOne(userid);
        
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        mv.addObject("user", user);
        mv.setViewName("user/detail");
        return mv;
    }
    
    @RequestMapping(value="/del/{userid}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public String del(@PathVariable Long userid){
        userService.deleteById(userid);
        
        return "redirect:/user/list";
    }
    
    @RequestMapping(value="/edit/{userid}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView getEdit(@PathVariable Long userid,Model model){
        User user = userService.findOne(userid);
        model.addAttribute("userAttribute", user);
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        mv.setViewName("user/edit");
        return mv;
    }
    
    @RequestMapping(value="/save/{userid}",method=RequestMethod.POST)
    public String saveEdit(@ModelAttribute("userAttribute") User user,@PathVariable Long userid){
        userService.update(user);
        return "redirect:/user/list";
    }
}
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十、    运行结果

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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/leiOOlei/p/3780290.html

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