Description 描述文
It is painting a picture in words of a person, place, object, or scene.
narration 记叙文
It is to give an account of an event or a series of events.
exposition 说明文
It explains or explores something, such as the process of making a machine, the causes of a natural or social phenomenon, the planning of a project, or the solution of a problem.
argumentation 议论文
It tries to make the reader agree with its point of view and support it, to persuade him to change his mind or behavior, and to approve a policy or a course of action that it proposes.
Research paper 研究论文
It is usually a formal, fairly long and well-documented composition that explores, discusses, or analyzes a certain factual or theoretical issue, and it should be characterized by lucid and coherent exposition.
Business letter 信函
It usually involves important matters and can take the forms of a recommendation, a job/school application, an inquiry, an answer, an invitation, a complaint, etc.