3.21 10.11-10.15听课笔记
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Linux网络相关
[[email protected] ~]# ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.91.128 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.91.255
inet6 fe80::613e:a8bf:a776:7dbb prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:58:49:a9 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 105173 bytes 31378778 (29.9 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 279549 bytes 72836445 (69.4 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[[email protected] ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:58:49:a9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.91.128/24 brd 192.168.91.255 scope global ens33
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::613e:a8bf:a776:7dbb/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
[[email protected] ~]# ifdown ens33
Connection closed by foreign host.
Disconnected from remote host(hyclinux-01) at 22:31:38.
Type `help' to learn how to use Xshell prompt.
执行后连接断开
[[email protected]lhost ~]# ifup ens33
*ifdown再ifup可以在修改指定网卡配置后重启指定的网卡
[[email protected] ~]# ifdown ens33 && ifup ens33
成功断开设备 'ens33'。
连接已成功激活（D-Bus 活动路径：/org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/3）
设置虚拟网卡
[[email protected] ~]#
在网卡配置文件目录下拷贝ifcfg-ens33文件，更名为ifcfg-ens33：0，做如下修改：
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens33:0
UUID=32826281-32dd-4e88-af97-8176b8eb1eee
DEVICE=ens33:0
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.91.131
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.91.2
[[email protected] ~]# ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.91.128 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.91.255
inet6 fe80::613e:a8bf:a776:7dbb prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 00:0c:29:58:49:a9 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 107714 bytes 31619328 (30.1 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 281528 bytes 73182413 (69.7 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
ens33:0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.91.131 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.91.255
ether 00:0c:29:58:49:a9 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
[[email protected] ~]# mii-tool ens33 两个命令均可查看网卡是否连接（网线）
ens33: negotiated 1000baseT-FD flow-control, link ok
[[email protected] ~]# ethtool ens33
Settings for ens33:
Supported ports: [ TP ]
Supported link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
Supported pause frame use: No
Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
Advertised link modes: 10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
1000baseT/Full
Advertised pause frame use: No
Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
Speed: 1000Mb/s
Duplex: Full
Port: Twisted Pair
PHYAD: 0
Transceiver: internal
Auto-negotiation: on
MDI-X: off (auto)
Supports Wake-on: d
Wake-on: d
Current message level: 0x00000007 (7)
drv probe link
Link detected: yes
问题：
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf
; generated by /usr/sbin/dhclient-script
search localdomain
nameserver 192.168.91.2
如果在这个文件里修改dns，重启机器后该文件的配置会被网卡配置文件中的dns覆盖
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/hosts 访问自定义域名时使用（自定义域名对应的ip）
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/hosts
[[email protected] ~]# ping www.baidu.com
PING www.baidu.com (127.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.070 ms
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.085 ms
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.085 ms
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=4 ttl=64 time=0.069 ms
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=5 ttl=64 time=0.074 ms
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=6 ttl=64 time=0.067 ms
^Z
[1]+ 已停止 ping www.baidu.com
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
127.0.0.1 www.baidu.com
*可以支持一个ip对应多个域名
Hosts文件中一个域名配多个ip时以最后配置的对应关系为主
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