HAProxy杂记

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HAProxy

haproxy基础

1、安装haproxy

[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install haproxy
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install haproxy

查看haproxy生成的文件 ：
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -ql haproxy

备份配置文件：
[[email protected] haproxy]# cp haproxy.cfg{,.back}
[[email protected] haproxy]# ls
haproxy.cfg  haproxy.cfg.back

haproxy演示

实验环境：1台haproxy，2台httpd

1、两台网页服务器安装httpd

[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y httpd
[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y httpd

设置首页，启动服务：
[[email protected] ~]# echo "<h1>Web1</h1>" > /var/www/html/index.html
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start httpd.service
[[email protected] ~]#

[[email protected] ~]# echo "<h1>Web2</h1>" > /var/www/html/index.html
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start httpd.service
[[email protected] ~]#

2、配置haproxy文件，将用户请求转发到后端去

[[email protected] haproxy]# vim haproxy.cfg

#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# main frontend which proxys to the backends
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
frontend  main *:80
    default_backend            websrvs

#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# static backend for serving up images, stylesheets and such
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
backend websrvs
    balance     roundrobin
    server web1 10.201.106.132:80 check
    server web2 10.201.106.133:80 check
~          

启动服务：
[[email protected] haproxy]# systemctl start haproxy.service
[[email protected] haproxy]# systemctl status haproxy.service
● haproxy.service - HAProxy Load Balancer
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/haproxy.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sun 2017-01-15 22:30:40 CST; 5s ago
 Main PID: 4924 (haproxy-systemd)
   CGroup: /system.slice/haproxy.service
           ├─4924 /usr/sbin/haproxy-systemd-wrapper -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg -p /run/haproxy.pid
           ├─4925 /usr/sbin/haproxy -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg -p /run/haproxy.pid -Ds
           └─4926 /usr/sbin/haproxy -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg -p /run/haproxy.pid -Ds

Jan 15 22:30:40 master1.com systemd[1]: Started HAProxy Load Balancer.
Jan 15 22:30:40 master1.com systemd[1]: Starting HAProxy Load Balancer...
Jan 15 22:30:40 master1.com haproxy-systemd-wrapper[4924]: haproxy-systemd-wrapper: executing /usr/sbin/haproxy -f /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg -p /run/haproxy.pid -Ds
[[email protected] haproxy]# 

访问：http://10.201.106.131/
可以在两个web站点轮流跳转

3、健康状态监测测试

3.1 停止一个web节点服务

[[email protected] ~]# systemctl stop httpd

现在只能访问剩下的那个节点了；

4、开启日志功能

4.1 开启本地日志服务

配置日志文件：
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/rsyslog.conf 

# Provides UDP syslog reception
$ModLoad imudp
$UDPServerRun 514

# Save boot messages also to boot.log

local2.*                                                /var/log/haproxy.log

重启日志服务：
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart rsyslog.service
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl status rsyslog.service
● rsyslog.service - System Logging Service
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/rsyslog.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Sun 2017-01-15 22:47:46 CST; 13s ago
 Main PID: 5073 (rsyslogd)
   CGroup: /system.slice/rsyslog.service
           └─5073 /usr/sbin/rsyslogd -n

Jan 15 22:47:46 master1.com systemd[1]: Starting System Logging Service...
Jan 15 22:47:46 master1.com systemd[1]: Started System Logging Service.
[[email protected] ~]# 

查看是否监听UDP 514端口：
[[email protected] ~]# ss -unlp
State       Recv-Q Send-Q                                      Local Address:Port                                                     Peer Address:Port              
UNCONN      0      0                                                       *:40858                                                               *:*                   users:(("haproxy",pid=4926,fd=6),("haproxy",pid=4925,fd=6))
UNCONN      0      0                                                       *:514                                                                 *:*                   users:(("rsyslogd",pid=5104,fd=3))
UNCONN      0      0                                                      :::514                                                                :::*                   users:(("rsyslogd",pid=5104,fd=4))
[[email protected] ~]#

4.2 查看haproxy日志

[[email protected] ~]# tail /var/log/haproxy.log 

Feb  5 23:21:29 localhost haproxy[4926]: Server websrvs/web1 is UP, reason: Layer4 check passed, check duration: 0ms. 2 active and 0 backup servers online. 0 sessions requeued, 0 total in queue.
Feb  5 23:21:31 localhost haproxy[4926]: 10.201.106.1:56402 [05/Feb/2017:23:21:31.495] main websrvs/web2 5/0/9/2/16 304 141 - - ---- 1/1/0/1/0 0/0 "GET / HTTP/1.1"
Feb  5 23:21:32 localhost haproxy[4926]: 10.201.106.1:56402 [05/Feb/2017:23:21:31.512] main websrvs/web1 727/0/1/4/732 200 273 - - ---- 1/1/0/0/0 0/0 "GET / HTTP/1.1"
Feb  5 23:21:32 localhost haproxy[4926]: 10.201.106.1:56402 [05/Feb/2017:23:21:32.243] main websrvs/web2 738/0/3/6/747 200 273 - - ---- 1/1/0/0/0 0/0 "GET / HTTP/1.1"
Feb  5 23:21:33 localhost haproxy[4926]: 10.201.106.1:56402 [05/Feb/2017:23:21:32.989] main websrvs/web1 572/0/1/2/575 200 273 - - ---- 1/1/0/1/0 0/0 "GET / HTTP/1.1"
[[email protected] ~]#

haproxy 高级配置

修改haproxy调度算法为source

vim haproxy.cfg
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# static backend for serving up images, stylesheets and such
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
backend websrvs
    balance     source

重载服务：
[[email protected] haproxy]# systemctl reload haproxy.service

访问测试后：只在一个web上面停留了，不会跳转至另一个web；

修改为uri算法

[[email protected] haproxy]# vim haproxy.cfg

#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# static backend for serving up images, stylesheets and such
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
backend websrvs
    balance     uri
    hash-type   consistent

重载服务：
[[email protected] haproxy]# systemctl reload haproxy.service

生成10个测试页面：
[[email protected] ~]# for i in {1..10};do echo "<h1>Page $i on Web1</h1>" > /var/www/html/test$i.html;done

[[email protected] ~]# for i in {1..10};do echo "<h1>Page $i on Web2</h1>" > /var/www/html/test$i.html;done
[[email protected] ~]# 
[[email protected] ~]# ls /var/www/html/
index.html   test1.html  test3.html  test5.html  test7.html  test9.html
test10.html  test2.html  test4.html  test6.html  test8.html

访问测试：http://10.201.106.131/test2.html
只固定在一个web服务器上；

[[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.201.106.131/test2.html
<h1>Page 2 on Web1</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.201.106.131/test2.html
<h1>Page 2 on Web1</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.201.106.131/test2.html
<h1>Page 2 on Web1</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.201.106.131/test2.html
<h1>Page 2 on Web1</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.201.106.131/test2.html
<h1>Page 2 on Web1</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# 
[[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.201.106.131/test5.html
<h1>Page 5 on Web1</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.201.106.131/test5.html
<h1>Page 5 on Web1</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.201.106.131/test5.html
<h1>Page 5 on Web1</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.201.106.131/test6.html
<h1>Page 6 on Web1</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.201.106.131/test6.html
<h1>Page 6 on Web1</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.201.106.131/test6.html
<h1>Page 6 on Web1</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.201.106.131/test8.html
<h1>Page 8 on Web1</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.201.106.131/test8.html
<h1>Page 8 on Web1</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.201.106.131/test9.html
<h1>Page 9 on Web2</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.201.106.131/test9.html
<h1>Page 9 on Web2</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.201.106.131/test3.html
<h1>Page 3 on Web2</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.201.106.131/test3.html
<h1>Page 3 on Web2</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.201.106.131/test4.html
<h1>Page 4 on Web2</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.201.106.131/test4.html
<h1>Page 4 on Web2</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.201.106.131/test8.html
<h1>Page 8 on Web1</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# curl http://10.201.106.131/test8.html
<h1>Page 8 on Web1</h1>
[[email protected] ~]#

hdr调度算法

#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# static backend for serving up images, stylesheets and such
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
backend websrvs
    balance     hdr(User-Agent)
    hash-type   consistent

通过curl模拟别的浏览器访问：
[[email protected] ~]# curl -A ‘hello‘ http://10.201.106.131/test4.html
<h1>Page 4 on Web2</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# 
[[email protected] ~]# curl -A ‘IE‘ http://10.201.106.131/test4.html
<h1>Page 4 on Web2</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# curl -A ‘IE‘ http://10.201.106.131/test4.html
<h1>Page 4 on Web2</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# curl -A ‘360‘ http://10.201.106.131/test4.html
<h1>Page 4 on Web2</h1>
[[email protected] ~]# curl -A ‘360‘ http://10.201.106.131/test4.html

设置监听多个端口

#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# main frontend which proxys to the backends
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
frontend  main
    bind *:80  
    bind *:8080
    default_backend            websrvs

重启服务：
[[email protected] haproxy]# systemctl restart haproxy.service
[[email protected] haproxy]# ss -tnl
State       Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port              
LISTEN      0      128           *:8080                      *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128           *:80                        *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128           *:22                        *:*                  
LISTEN      0      100    127.0.0.1:25                        *:*                  
LISTEN      0      128          :::22                       :::*                  
LISTEN      0      100         ::1:25                       :::*                  
[[email protected] haproxy]#

修改权重测试

[[email protected] haproxy]# vim haproxy.cfg

#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# static backend for serving up images, stylesheets and such
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
backend websrvs
    balance     roundrobin
    server web1 10.201.106.132:80 check weight 1
    server web2 10.201.106.133:80 check weight 3

[[email protected] haproxy]# systemctl reload haproxy.service

测试访问网页结果是，访问3次web2，才访问一次web1；

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