一、FeignClient注解
FeignClient注解被@Target(ElementType.TYPE)修饰,表示FeignClient注解的作用目标在接口上
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@FeignClient(name = "github-client" , url = "https://api.github.com" , configuration = GitHubExampleConfig. class ) public interface GitHubClient { @RequestMapping(value = "/search/repositories" , method = RequestMethod.GET) String searchRepo(@RequestParam( "q" ) String queryStr); } |
声明接口之后,在代码中通过@Resource注入之后即可使用。@FeignClient标签的常用属性如下:
- name:指定FeignClient的名称,如果项目使用了Ribbon,name属性会作为微服务的名称,用于服务发现
- url: url一般用于调试,可以手动指定@FeignClient调用的地址
- decode404:当发生http 404错误时,如果该字段位true,会调用decoder进行解码,否则抛出FeignException
- configuration: Feign配置类,可以自定义Feign的Encoder、Decoder、LogLevel、Contract
- fallback: 定义容错的处理类,当调用远程接口失败或超时时,会调用对应接口的容错逻辑,fallback指定的类必须实现@FeignClient标记的接口
- fallbackFactory: 工厂类,用于生成fallback类示例,通过这个属性我们可以实现每个接口通用的容错逻辑,减少重复的代码
- path: 定义当前FeignClient的统一前缀
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@FeignClient(name = "github-client" , url = "https://api.github.com" , configuration = GitHubExampleConfig. class , fallback = GitHubClient.DefaultFallback. class ) public interface GitHubClient { @RequestMapping(value = "/search/repositories" , method = RequestMethod.GET) String searchRepo(@RequestParam( "q" ) String queryStr); /** * 容错处理类,当调用失败时,简单返回空字符串 */ @Component public class DefaultFallback implements GitHubClient { @Override public String searchRepo(@RequestParam( "q" ) String queryStr) { return "" ; } } } |
在使用fallback属性时,需要使用@Component注解,保证fallback类被Spring容器扫描到,GitHubExampleConfig内容如下:
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@Configuration public class GitHubExampleConfig { @Bean Logger.Level feignLoggerLevel() { return Logger.Level.FULL; } } |
在使用FeignClient时,Spring会按name创建不同的ApplicationContext,通过不同的Context来隔离FeignClient的配置信息,在使用配置类时,不能把配置类放到Spring App Component scan的路径下,否则,配置类会对所有FeignClient生效.
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@RestController @RequestMapping( "/v1/card" ) public class IndexApi { @PostMapping( "balance" ) @ResponseBody public Info index() { Info.Builder builder = new Info.Builder(); builder.withDetail( "x" , 2); builder.withDetail( "y" , 2); return builder.build(); } } |
Feign Client
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@FeignClient( name = "card" , url = "http://localhost:7913" , fallback = CardFeignClientFallback. class , configuration = FeignClientConfiguration. class ) @RequestMapping(value = "/v1/card" ) public interface CardFeignClient { @RequestMapping(value = "/balance" , method = RequestMethod.POST, produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE) Info info(); } |
if @RequestMapping is used on class, when invoke http /v1/card/balance, like this :
如果 @RequestMapping注解被用在FeignClient类上,当像如下代码请求/v1/card/balance时,注意有Accept header:
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Content-Type:application/json Accept:application/json POST http: //localhost:7913/v1/card/balance |
那么会返回 404。
如果不包含Accept header时请求,则是OK:
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Content-Type:application/json POST http: //localhost:7913/v1/card/balance |
或者像下面不在Feign Client上使用@RequestMapping注解,请求也是ok,无论是否包含Accept:
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@FeignClient( name = "card" , url = "http://localhost:7913" , fallback = CardFeignClientFallback. class , configuration = FeignClientConfiguration. class ) public interface CardFeignClient { @RequestMapping(value = "/v1/card/balance" , method = RequestMethod.POST, produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE) Info info(); } |