3.2 6.5-6.7听课笔记

Posted 2020-10-26

*Zip压缩工具

[[email protected] ~]# ls
1.txt 2.txt anaconda-ks.cfg d6z
[[email protected] ~]# du -sh 1.txt
1.6M 1.txt
[[email protected] ~]# zip 1.txt.zip 1.txt 将1.txt压缩
adding: 1.txt (deflated 83%)
[[email protected] ~]# du -sh 1.txt.zip 压缩后文件大小
272K 1.txt.zip
[[email protected] ~]# ls 压缩完成后原来的文件不会被删除
1.txt 1.txt.zip 2.txt anaconda-ks.cfg d6z
[[email protected] ~]# zip -r d6z.zip 2.txt d6z 压缩目录要加-r
adding: 2.txt (stored 0%)
adding: d6z/ (stored 0%)
adding: d6z/33.txt (stored 0%)
adding: d6z/22.txt.xz (deflated 1%)
adding: d6z/222.txt (deflated 71%)
adding: d6z/111.txt (deflated 79%)
adding: d6z/11.txt (deflated 79%)
adding: d6z/hyc/ (stored 0%)
adding: d6z/hyc/.bashlogout (stored 0%)
adding: d6z/hyc/.bashprofile (deflated 21%)
adding: d6z/hyc/.bashrc (deflated 23%)
adding: d6z/hyc/1.txt (deflated 73%)
adding: d6z/hyc/2.txt (deflated 73%)
adding: d6z/hyc/2/ (stored 0%)
adding: d6z/hyc/2/11.txt (deflated 79%)
[[email protected] ~]# du -sh d6z.zip
4.0K d6z.zip
[[email protected] ~]# unzip d6z.zip 解压压缩包
Archive: d6z.zip
replace 2.txt? [y]es, [n]o, [A]ll, [N]one, [r]ename: y
extracting: 2.txt
creating: d6z/
extracting: d6z/33.txt
inflating: d6z/22.txt.xz
inflating: d6z/222.txt
inflating: d6z/111.txt
inflating: d6z/11.txt
creating: d6z/hyc/
extracting: d6z/hyc/.bashlogout
inflating: d6z/hyc/.bashprofile
inflating: d6z/hyc/.bashrc
inflating: d6z/hyc/1.txt
inflating: d6z/hyc/2.txt
creating: d6z/hyc/2/
inflating: d6z/hyc/2/11.txt
[[email protected] ~]# unzip 1.txt.zip -d ./test 指定解压路径
Archive: 1.txt.zip
inflating: ./test/1.txt
[[email protected] ~]# unzip 1.txt.zip -d ./test/aa.txt 无法指定解压后的文件名，文件名固定
Archive: 1.txt.zip
inflating: ./test/aa.txt/1.txt

zip压缩包无法直接查看内容

[[email protected] ~]# unzip -l 1.txt.zip 查看压缩包的文件列表
Archive: 1.txt.zip
Length Date Time Name

---

1667480 03-03-2018 17:28 1.txt

---

1667480 1 file

Tar打包

1Mbyte=8Mbit
100M带宽理论传递速率为12.5Mbyte
百兆网卡是指100Mbit/s，跑满为12.5Mbyte/s
文件过多，不能一次传递所有文件，为了提高传输效率，可以先将所有文件、目录打成一个包
每个Inode的块为4k，若每个文件均不足4K，打包后原来每个块未用的部分会被填满，文件大小之和变小（打包可能减小文件大小）

[[email protected] ~]# tar -cvf d6z.tar d6z/ c创建tar包，v可视化打包过程，f指定tar包名字
d6z/
d6z/33.txt
d6z/22.txt.xz
d6z/222.txt
d6z/111.txt
d6z/11.txt
d6z/hyc/
d6z/hyc/.bashlogout
d6z/hyc/.bashprofile
d6z/hyc/.bashrc
d6z/hyc/1.txt
d6z/hyc/2.txt
d6z/hyc/2/
d6z/hyc/2/11.txt
[[email protected] ~]# tar -cf d6z.tar d6z/ 覆盖原来的tar包，无任何提示
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# tar -xvf d6z.tar 解包，解包产生的文件会自动覆盖原来相同的文件，不提示
d6z/
d6z/33.txt
d6z/22.txt.xz
d6z/222.txt
d6z/111.txt
d6z/11.txt
d6z/hyc/
d6z/hyc/.bashlogout
d6z/hyc/.bashprofile
d6z/hyc/.bashrc
d6z/hyc/1.txt
d6z/hyc/2.txt
d6z/hyc/2/
d6z/hyc/2/11.txt
[[email protected] ~]# tar -cvf 1.txt.tar 1.txt d6z.tar 1.txt.zip 打包文件、包、压缩包
1.txt
d6z.tar
1.txt.zip
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# tar -cvf 1.txt.tar 1.txt.tar 1.txt 问题
tar: 1.txt.tar: file is the archive; not dumped
1.txt
[[email protected] ~]#
[[email protected] ~]# tar -tf 1.txt.tar 查看打包的列表（1.txt.tar未打包）

1. txt
2. [[email protected] ~]# tar -cvf --exclude 1.txt d6z.tar 2.txt d6z
3. 1.txt
4. d6z.tar
5. 2.txt
6. d6z/
7. d6z/hyc/
8. d6z/hyc/2/
9. d6z/hyc/2/11.txt
10. d6z/hyc/.bashlogout
11. d6z/hyc/.bashprofile
12. d6z/hyc/.bashrc
13. d6z/hyc/1.txt
14. d6z/hyc/2.txt
15. d6z/33.txt
16. d6z/22.txt.xz
17. d6z/222.txt
18. d6z/111.txt
19. d6z/11.txt
    [[email protected] ~]# tar -cvf 11.txt.tar --exclude 11.txt 1.txt.zip d6z 指定哪些文件不被打包，写在指定的包名后面，目标包名一定要和-f参数连在一起
    1.txt.zip
    d6z/
    d6z/hyc/
    d6z/hyc/2/
    d6z/hyc/.bashlogout
    d6z/hyc/.bashprofile
    d6z/hyc/.bashrc
    d6z/hyc/1.txt
    d6z/hyc/2.txt
    d6z/33.txt
    d6z/22.txt.xz
    d6z/222.txt
    d6z/111.txt
    [[email protected] ~]# tar -tf 11.txt.tar
    1.txt.zip
    d6z/
    d6z/hyc/
    d6z/hyc/2/
    d6z/hyc/.bashlogout
    d6z/hyc/.bashprofile
    d6z/hyc/.bashrc
    d6z/hyc/1.txt
    d6z/hyc/2.txt
    d6z/33.txt
    d6z/22.txt.xz
    d6z/222.txt
    d6z/111.txt
    [[email protected] ~]#
    [[email protected] ~]# tar -cf 11.txt.tar --exclude 11.txt --exclude 111.txt 1.txt.zip d6z 每增加一个排除项都要重写—exclude

打包并压缩

[[email protected] d6z]# tar czvf 11.tar.gz 111.txt 11.txt 222.txt tar打包，gzip压缩
111.txt
11.txt
222.txt
[[email protected] d6z]# du -sh
48K .
[[email protected] d6z]# du -sh 11.txt 111.txt 222.txt
4.0K 11.txt
4.0K 111.txt
4.0K 222.txt
[[email protected] d6z]# du -sh 11.tar.gz
4.0K 11.tar.gz
[[email protected] d6z]# tar cjvf 11.tar.bz2 111.txt 11.txt 222.txt tar打包，bzip2压缩
111.txt
11.txt
222.txt
[[email protected] d6z]#
[[email protected] d6z]# tar cJvf 11.tar.xz 111.txt 11.txt 222.txt tar打包，xz压缩
111.txt
11.txt
222.txt
压缩越狠，耗时越久
gzip为z，j为bzip2，J为xz
[[email protected] d6z]# tar xJvf 11.tar.xz 解包（c换成x）
111.txt
11.txt**
222.txt
[[email protected] d6z]# tar -tf 11.tar.bz2 列出压缩包的文件
111.txt
11.txt
222.txt
[[email protected] d6z]# tar -cvf 1.tar 11.txt 222.txt
11.txt
222.txt
[[email protected] d6z]# tar -tf 1.tar 列出被打包的文件*
11.txt
222.txt
[[email protected] d6z]#