网络配置，文本文件查找

Posted 2020-10-24

1 永久修改IP地址、子网掩码、网关地址

网卡配置文件：

/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

[[email protected] ~]#nmtui  #快速图形化配置IP地址

(1)显示当前网络接口（网卡）信息

[[email protected] ~]#nmcli connection show

名称      UUID                       类型        设备     

p8p1      f1ca7a2b-594a-4ec0-8541-07e316f321b1  802-3-ethernet  p8p1

(2)利用命令配置

[[email protected] ~]#nmcli  connection  modify  'System eth0'   

ipv4.method manual  ipv4.addresses '172.25.0.200/24 172.25.0.254'  

ipv4.dns 172.25.254.254   connection.autoconnect yes    #开机自动启用

(3)查看网卡配置文件内容

[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0

(4)激活网卡配置

[[email protected] ~]# nmcli connection up 'System eth0'

(5)永久修改DNS服务器地址 /etc/resolv.conf

[[email protected] ~]#echo  nameserver 172.25.254.254   >  /etc/resolv.conf

[[email protected] ~]#cat  /etc/resolv.conf

[[email protected] ~]#nslookup   server0.example.com    #测试解析

(6)查看网关地址

[[email protected] ~]# route  -n

RHEL7.2及以上系统，通过ipv4.gateway改网关

ipv4.dns-search 默认搜索域

nmcli device status #查看当前网卡连接状态

2  grep

根据字符串模式提取文本行

grep  [选项]   '匹配字符串'    文本文件...

常用命令选项

-v,取反匹配

-i,忽略大小写

[[email protected] ~]# grep 'root'  /etc/passwd

[[email protected] ~]# grep -v 'root'  /etc/passwd

[[email protected] ~]# grep 'ROOT'  /etc/passwd

[[email protected] ~]# grep -i 'ROOT'  /etc/passwd

[[email protected] ~]# grep 'seismic' /usr/share/dict/words

# grep 'seismic' /usr/share/dict/words > /root/wordlist #找出来相匹配的并导出

# cat   /root/wordlist

^word  以字符串word开头

word$  以字符串word结尾

[[email protected] ~]# grep '^root' /etc/passwd

[[email protected] ~]# grep 'root$' /etc/passwd

[[email protected] ~]# grep 'bash$' /etc/passwd

匹配空行

[[email protected] ~]# grep -v  '^$'  /etc/default/useradd

 

3 find

3.1 常见用法

根据预设的条件递归查找对应的文件

find   [目录]    [条件1]

常用条件表示:

-type 类型(f 文件、d 目录、l 快捷方式)

-name "文档名称"

-size +|-文件大小(k、M、G)

-user 用户名

[[email protected] ~]# find /etc/ -name "*.conf"

[[email protected] ~]# find /etc/ -name "passwd"

[[email protected] ~]# find /boot  -type d

[[email protected] ~]# find /boot  -type l

[[email protected] ~]# find /boot  -type f

[[email protected] ~]# find  /root/  -name  "nsd*"

[[email protected] ~]# find  /root/  -name  "nsd*"   -type f

[[email protected] ~]# find  /root/  -name  "nsd*"   -type d

[[email protected] ~]# find /boot/ -size +20M  #查找20M以上的文件

[[email protected] ~]# ls -lh /boot/initramfs-*

[[email protected] ~]# find /boot/ -size -20M

 

[[email protected] ~]# useradd lisi

[[email protected] ~]# useradd zhangsan

[[email protected] ~]# ls -l /home/

[[email protected] ~]# find  /home -user zhangsan

[[email protected] ~]# find  /home -user lisi

[[email protected] ~]# find  /  -user lisi

 

3.2 find结果处理

# rm -rf /opt/*

# find /boot/ -size +10M

# find /boot/ -size +10M  -exec cp {}  /opt \; #找到的结果复制到/opt下

# ls /opt/

# mkdir /root/findfiles

# find / -user lisi -type f  -exec cp {} /root/findfiles   \;

# ls -A /root/findfiles/