Openstack之路云硬盘服务Cinder
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Cinder的概述
Openstack块存储服务(Cinder)为云主机添加持久的存储，块存储提供一个基础设施为了管理卷，以及和Openstack计算服务交互，为实例提供卷。此服务也会激活管理卷的快照和卷类型的功能。
Cinder的组件
- Cinder-API
接收API请求，调用Cinder-Volume执行操作。
- Cinder-Volume
管理Volume的服务，与Volume Provider协调工作，管理Volume的生命周期。运行Cinder-Volume服务的节点被称作为存储节点。
- Cinder-Scheduler
选择最优存储提供节点来创建卷，其与Nova-Scheduler组件类似。
- Volume Provider
数据的存储设备，为Volume提供物理存储空间。Cinder-Volume支持多种Volume Provider，每种Volume Provider通过自己的Driver与Cinder-Volume协调工作。
- Cinder-Backup
提供任何种类备份卷到一个备份存储提供者。就像Cinder-Volume服务，它与多种存储提供者在驱动架构下进行交互。
Cinder的工作流程
安装配置控制节点
Cinder的安装
- 创建数据库，服务证书和API端点
MariaDB [(none)]> create database cinder;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| cinder |
| glance |
| information_schema |
| keystone |
| mysql |
| neutron |
| nova |
| nova_api |
| performance_schema |
+--------------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on cinder.* to ‘cinder‘@‘localhost‘ identified by ‘cinder‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on cinder.* to ‘cinder‘@‘%‘ identified by ‘cinder‘;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye- 获得admin凭证来获取只有管理员能执行的命令的访问权限
[[email protected] ~]# source admin-openrc- 要创建服务证书，完成这些步骤
创建cinder用户
[[email protected] ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt cinder
User Password:
Repeat User Password:
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+
| domain_id | default |
| enabled | True |
| id | 9f17f5f2dd844ab1baf9eb894f832f50 |
| name | cinder |
| password_expires_at | None |
+---------------------+----------------------------------+添加admin角色到cinder用户
[[email protected] ~]# openstack role add --project service --user cinder admin创建cinder和cinderv2服务实体
[[email protected] ~]# openstack service create --name cinder --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volume
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | OpenStack Block Storage |
| enabled | True |
| id | 67e95c224a554275bda7abea0c480d8e |
| name | cinder |
| type | volume |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
[[email protected] ~]# openstack service create --name cinderv2 --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev2
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | OpenStack Block Storage |
| enabled | True |
| id | f5e92c14055647e5b2fc66e83d979109 |
| name | cinderv2 |
| type | volumev2 |
+-------------+----------------------------------+创建块设备存储服务的API端点
[[email protected] ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volume public http://192.168.56.11:8776/v1/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 93bc480ca65b41ca9138c2aef10e57da |
| interface | public |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 67e95c224a554275bda7abea0c480d8e |
| service_name | cinder |
| service_type | volume |
| url | http://192.168.56.11:8776/v1/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
[[email protected] ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volume internal http://192.168.56.11:8776/v1/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 25d0f74d972543fa93c137a19885796f |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 67e95c224a554275bda7abea0c480d8e |
| service_name | cinder |
| service_type | volume |
| url | http://192.168.56.11:8776/v1/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
[[email protected] ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volume admin http://192.168.56.11:8776/v1/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 2459b96271ca4143ba56df8b3fca198d |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | 67e95c224a554275bda7abea0c480d8e |
| service_name | cinder |
| service_type | volume |
| url | http://192.168.56.11:8776/v1/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
[[email protected] ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 public http://192.168.56.11:8776/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 41e2ae3a41924287b52bb784e2d8c121 |
| interface | public |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | f5e92c14055647e5b2fc66e83d979109 |
| service_name | cinderv2 |
| service_type | volumev2 |
| url | http://192.168.56.11:8776/v2/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
[[email protected] ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 internal http://192.168.56.11:8776/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 2fdf3b33b61348328f5a112ae9ceac42 |
| interface | internal |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | f5e92c14055647e5b2fc66e83d979109 |
| service_name | cinderv2 |
| service_type | volumev2 |
| url | http://192.168.56.11:8776/v2/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
[[email protected] ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 admin http://192.168.56.11:8776/v2/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+
| enabled | True |
| id | 99669c5db47c4fcc890f976fce07886b |
| interface | admin |
| region | RegionOne |
| region_id | RegionOne |
| service_id | f5e92c14055647e5b2fc66e83d979109 |
| service_name | cinderv2 |
| service_type | volumev2 |
| url | http://192.168.56.11:8776/v2/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+--------------------------------------------+安装Cinder相关软件包
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install openstack-cinder
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa openstack-cinder
openstack-cinder-9.1.4-1.el7.noarchCinder的配置
- 编辑/etc/cinder/cinder.conf，同时完成如下动作
[[email protected] ~]# cp -a /etc/cinder/cinder.conf /etc/cinder/cinder.conf_$(date +%F)
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf在[database]部分，配置数据库访问
[database]
......
3399 connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:[email protected]/cinder在[DEFAULT]部分，配置RabbitMQ消息队列访问权限
[DEFAULT]
......
3052 transport_url = rabbit://openstack:[email protected]在[DEFAULT]和[keystone_authtoken]部分，配置认证服务访问
[DEFAULT]
......
727 auth_strategy = keystone
[keystone_authtoken]
3551 auth_uri = http://192.168.56.11:5000
3552 auth_url = http://192.168.56.11:35357
3553 memcached_servers = 192.168.56.11:11211
3554 auth_type = password
3555 project_domain_name = Default
3556 user_domain_name = Default
3557 project_name = service
3558 username = cinder
3559 password = cinder在[oslo_concurrency]部分，配置锁路径
[oslo_concurrency]
......
3764 lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp- 初始化块设备服务的数据库，可以忽略警告信息
[[email protected] ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "cinder-manage db sync" cinder
[[email protected] ~]# mysql -ucinder -pcinder -e "use cinder;show tables;"|wc -l
34- 配置计算以使用块设备存储
编辑文件/etc/nova/nova.conf并添加如下到其中
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
4343 os_region_name = RegionOneCinder安装完成
- 重启计算API服务
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl status openstack-nova-api.service- 启动块设备存储服务，并将其配置为开机自启
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl status openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service安装配置存储节点
Cinder存储节点ISCSI的安装
- 安装支持的工具包
安装LVM
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install lvm2
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa lvm2
lvm2-2.02.171-8.el7.x86_64启动LVM的metadata服务并且设置该服务随系统启动
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable lvm2-lvmetad.service
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start lvm2-lvmetad.service
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl status lvm2-lvmetad.service- 创建LVM物理卷/dev/sdb（需要额外添加一块硬盘）
[[email protected] ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdb
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
[[email protected] ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb
Physical volume "/dev/sdb" successfully created.
[[email protected] ~]# vgcreate cinder-volumes /dev/sdb
Volume group "cinder-volumes" successfully created
[[email protected] ~]# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name cinder-volumes
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size <20.00 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 5119
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 5119 / <20.00 GiB
VG UUID KDglRs-1MjO-9ow0-umIx-5x02-eWzk-FAFpme- 编辑/etc/lvm/lvm.conf文件并完成下面的操作
[[email protected] ~]# cp -a /etc/lvm/lvm.conf /etc/lvm/lvm.conf_$(date +%F)
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/lvm/lvm.conf在devices部分，添加一个过滤器，只接受/dev/sdb设备，拒绝其它所有设备
devices {
129 filter = [ "a/sdb/", "r/.*/"]
}- 安装Cinder相关软件包
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install openstack-cinder targetcli python-keystone
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa openstack-cinder targetcli python-keystone
python-keystone-10.0.3-1.el7.noarch
openstack-cinder-9.1.4-1.el7.noarch
targetcli-2.1.fb46-1.el7.noarchCinder存储节点ISCSI的配置
- 编辑/etc/cinder/cinder.conf，同时完成如下动作
[[email protected] ~]# cp -a /etc/cinder/cinder.conf /etc/cinder/cinder.conf_$(date +%F)
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf在[database]部分，配置数据库访问
[database]
......
3399 connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:[email protected]/cinder在[DEFAULT]部分，配置RabbitMQ消息队列访问权限
[DEFAULT]
......
3052 transport_url = rabbit://openstack:[email protected]在[DEFAULT]部分，配置my_ip选项
[DEFAULT]
......
1446 iscsi_ip_address = 192.168.56.12在[DEFAULT]和[keystone_authtoken]部分，配置认证服务访问
[DEFAULT]
......
727 auth_strategy = keystone
[keystone_authtoken]
3551 auth_uri = http://192.168.56.11:5000
3552 auth_url = http://192.168.56.11:35357
3553 memcached_servers = 192.168.56.11:11211
3554 auth_type = password
3555 project_domain_name = Default
3556 user_domain_name = Default
3557 project_name = service
3558 username = cinder
3559 password = cinder在[lvm]部分中，配置LVM后端，包括LVM驱动，cinder-volumes卷组，ISCSI协议和适当的ISCSI服务。如果[lvm]部分不存在，则创建它
[lvm]
4411 volume_driver = cinder.volume.drivers.lvm.LVMVolumeDriver
4412 volume_group = cinder-volumes
4413 iscsi_protocol = iscsi
4414 iscsi_helper = lioadm
4415 volume_backend_name = Iscsi-Storage在[DEFAULT]部分，启用LVM后端
[DEFAULT]
......
731 enabled_backends = lvm在[DEFAULT]区域，配置镜像服务API的位置
[DEFAULT]
......
619 glance_api_servers = http://192.168.56.11:9292在[oslo_concurrency]部分，配置锁路径
[oslo_concurrency]
......
3764 lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmpCinder存储节点ISCSI安装完成
- 启动块存储卷服务及其依赖的服务，并将其配置为随系统启动
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl status openstack-cinder-volume.service target.serviceCinder存储节点ISCSI的验证操作
- 获得admin凭证来获取只有管理员能执行的命令的访问权限
[[email protected] ~]# source admin-openrc- 列出服务组件以验证是否每个进程都成功启动
[[email protected] ~]# openstack volume service list
+------------------+-----------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
| Binary | Host | Zone | Status | State | Updated At |
+------------------+-----------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
| cinder-scheduler | linux-node1 | nova | enabled | up | 2018-01-26T08:23:54.000000 |
| cinder-volume | [email protected] | nova | enabled | up | 2018-01-26T08:24:01.000000 |
+------------------+-----------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+- 创建云硬盘类型
[[email protected] ~]# cinder type-create ISCSI
+--------------------------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+
| ID | Name | Description | Is_Public |
+--------------------------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+
| b5d6024e-7ba7-43ac-a034-beb89182bd1e | ISCSI | - | True |
+--------------------------------------+-------+-------------+-----------+- 后端存储和云硬盘类型关联
[[email protected] ~]# cinder type-key ISCSI set volume_backend_name=Iscsi-Storage- 访问192.168.56.11/dashboard，使用demo用户登录
创建卷
挂载卷
查看卷
[[email protected] ~]# fdisk -l /dev/vdc
Disk /dev/vdc: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
[[email protected] ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/vdc
[[email protected] ~]# blkid /dev/vdc
/dev/vdc: UUID="803f6ef5-5496-4943-94c3-b9a067cfa2a1" TYPE="xfs"
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /data
[[email protected] ~]# ls -ld /data/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 Jan 26 17:35 /data/
[[email protected] ~]# echo "UUID=803f6ef5-5496-4943-94c3-b9a067cfa2a1 /data xfs defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
[[email protected] ~]# tail -1 /etc/fstab
UUID=803f6ef5-5496-4943-94c3-b9a067cfa2a1 /data xfs defaults 0 0
[[email protected] ~]# mount -a
[[email protected] ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1 10G 1.1G 9.0G 11% /
devtmpfs 236M 0 236M 0% /dev
tmpfs 245M 0 245M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 245M 13M 233M 6% /run
tmpfs 245M 0 245M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs 49M 0 49M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/vdc 1014M 33M 982M 4% /dataCinder存储节点NFS的安装
- 安装支持的工具包
安装nfs-utils，rpcbind
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils rpcbind
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa nfs-utils rpcbind
rpcbind-0.2.0-42.el7.x86_64
nfs-utils-1.3.0-0.48.el7_4.1.x86_64- 启动NFS服务并且设置该服务随系统启动
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable rpcbind nfs
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start rpcbind
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start nfs
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl status rpcbind nfs- 创建共享目录并授权
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /data/nfs -p
[[email protected] ~]# chown -R nfsnobody:nfsnobody /data/nfs/
[[email protected] ~]# ls -ld /data/nfs/
drwxr-xr-x. 2 nfsnobody nfsnobody 6 Jan 30 14:01 /data/nfs/
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/exports
/data/nfs *(rw,sync,all_squash)
[[email protected] ~]# exportfs -rv
exporting *:/data/nfs
[[email protected] ~]# showmount -e localhost
Export list for localhost:
/data/nfs *- 安装Cinder相关软件包
[[email protected] ~]# yum -y install openstack-cinder targetcli python-keystone
[[email protected] ~]# rpm -qa openstack-cinder targetcli python-keystone
openstack-cinder-9.1.4-1.el7.noarch
python-keystone-10.0.3-1.el7.noarch
targetcli-2.1.fb46-1.el7.noarchCinder存储节点NFS的配置
- 编辑/etc/cinder/cinder.conf，同时完成如下动作
[[email protected] ~]# cp -a /etc/cinder/cinder.conf /etc/cinder/cinder.conf_$(date +%F)
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/cinder/cinder.conf在[database]部分，配置数据库访问
[database]
......
3399 connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:[email protected]/cinder在[DEFAULT]部分，配置RabbitMQ消息队列访问权限
[DEFAULT]
......
3052 transport_url = rabbit://openstack:[email protected]在[DEFAULT]和[keystone_authtoken]部分，配置认证服务访问
[DEFAULT]
......
727 auth_strategy = keystone
[keystone_authtoken]
3551 auth_uri = http://192.168.56.11:5000
3552 auth_url = http://192.168.56.11:35357
3553 memcached_servers = 192.168.56.11:11211
3554 auth_type = password
3555 project_domain_name = Default
3556 user_domain_name = Default
3557 project_name = service
3558 username = cinder
3559 password = cinder在[nfs]部分中，配置NFS后端，包括NFS驱动。如果[nfs]部分不存在，则创建它
[nfs]
4411 volume_driver = cinder.volume.drivers.nfs.NfsDriver
4412 nfs_shares_config = /etc/cinder/nfs_shares
4413 nfs_mount_point_base = $state_path/mnt
4414 volume_backend_name = Nfs-Storage在[DEFAULT]部分，启用NFS后端
[DEFAULT]
......
731 enabled_backends = nfs在[DEFAULT]区域，配置镜像服务API的位置
[DEFAULT]
......
619 glance_api_servers = http://192.168.56.11:9292在[oslo_concurrency]部分，配置锁路径
[oslo_concurrency]
......
3764 lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp- 配置共享目录文件并修改权限
[[email protected] ~]# echo "192.168.56.13:/data/nfs" >> /etc/cinder/nfs_shares
[[email protected] ~]# tail -1 /etc/cinder/nfs_shares
192.168.56.13:/data/nfs
[[email protected] ~]# chown root:cinder /etc/cinder/nfs_shares
[[email protected] ~]# chmod 640 /etc/cinder/nfs_shares
[[email protected] ~]# ls -l /etc/cinder/nfs_shares
-rw-r-----. 1 root cinder 24 Jan 30 13:23 /etc/cinder/nfs_sharesCinder存储节点NFS安装完成
- 启动块存储卷服务及其依赖的服务，并将其配置为随系统启动
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl enable openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl start openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service
[[email protected] ~]# systemctl status openstack-cinder-volume.service target.serviceCinder存储节点NFS的验证操作
- 获得admin凭证来获取只有管理员能执行的命令的访问权限
[[email protected] ~]# source admin-openrc- 列出服务组件以验证是否每个进程都成功启动
[[email protected] ~]# openstack volume service list
+------------------+-----------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
| Binary | Host | Zone | Status | State | Updated At |
+------------------+-----------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
| cinder-scheduler | linux-node1 | nova | enabled | up | 2018-01-30T05:20:43.000000 |
| cinder-volume | [email protected] | nova | enabled | up | 2018-01-30T05:20:44.000000 |
| cinder-volume | [email protected] | nova | enabled | down | 2018-01-30T05:15:42.000000 |
+------------------+-----------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+- 创建云硬盘类型
[[email protected] ~]# cinder type-create NFS
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
| ID | Name | Description | Is_Public |
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+
| 5940443d-bb0a-4682-88ca-c4acda79ab41 | NFS | - | True |
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------+-----------+- 后端存储和云硬盘类型关联
[[email protected] ~]# cinder type-key NFS set volume_backend_name=Nfs-Storage- 访问192.168.56.11/dashboard，使用demo用户登录
创建卷
挂载卷
查看卷
[[email protected] ~]# fdisk -l /dev/vdd
Disk /dev/vdd: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
[[email protected] ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/vdd
[[email protected] ~]# blkid /dev/vdd
/dev/vdd: UUID="e01c75ca-fc90-4886-ab5c-0d3947bed1cd" TYPE="xfs"
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /nfs
[[email protected] ~]# ls -ld /nfs/
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 6 Jan 30 14:13 /nfs/
[[email protected] ~]# echo "UUID=e01c75ca-fc90-4886-ab5c-0d3947bed1cd /nfs xfs defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
[[email protected] ~]# tail -1 /etc/fstab
UUID=e01c75ca-fc90-4886-ab5c-0d3947bed1cd /nfs xfs defaults 0 0
[[email protected] ~]# mount -a
[[email protected] ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1 10G 1.1G 9.0G 11% /
devtmpfs 236M 0 236M 0% /dev
tmpfs 245M 0 245M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 245M 13M 233M 6% /run
tmpfs 245M 0 245M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vdc 1014M 33M 982M 4% /data
tmpfs 49M 0 49M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/vdd 1014M 33M 982M 4% /nfs以上是关于Openstack之路云硬盘服务Cinder的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章
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