CentOS7安装vncserver（启动失败及连接黑屏解决办法）

Posted 2020-10-23

一.安装

以root用户运行以下命令来安装vncserver;

yum install tigervnc-server 

同样运行以下命令来安装vncviewer;

yum install vnc

停止并禁用防火墙；

systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service

二.配置

vncviewer基本上不用配置；
vncserver的配置，创建一个新的配置文件，以开启1号窗口为例（也可以同时开启多个窗口，修改数字即可），方法如下：

cp /lib/systemd/system/[email protected] /lib/systemd/system/[email protected]:1.service

或者再增加一个窗口：

cp /lib/systemd/system/[email protected] /lib/systemd/system/[email protected]:2.service

编辑/lib/systemd/system/[email protected]:1.service,设置用户root相关参数,最终内容如下：

[Unit]
Description=Remote desktop service (VNC)
After=syslog.target network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
#Clean any existing files in /tmp/.X11-unix environment
ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c ‘/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :‘
ExecStart=/sbin/runuser -l root -c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i"
PIDFile=/root/.vnc/%H%i.pid
ExecStop=/bin/sh -c ‘/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :‘

1.设置为非root用户报错：

[[email protected] system]# systemctl status -l [email protected]:2.service
[email protected]:2.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/[email protected]:2.service; enabled; vendor preset:
disabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since 一 2016-04-25 19:07:23 CST; 7s ago
Process: 10305 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/runuser -l fang -c /usr/bin/vncserver %i (code=exited,
status=1/FAILURE)
Process: 10291 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :
(code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
?4月 25 19:07:23 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
4月 25 19:07:23 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: [email protected]:2.service: control process
exited, code=exited status=1
4月 25 19:07:23 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start Remote desktop service
(VNC).
4月 25 19:07:23 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit [email protected]:2.service entered failed
state.
4月 25 19:07:23 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: [email protected]:2.service failed.

2.Type=forking报错，改为Type=simple

[[email protected] system]# systemctl start [email protected]:2.service
Job for [email protected]:2.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See
"systemctl status [email protected]:2.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
[[email protected] system]# systemctl status -l [email protected]:2.service
● [email protected]:2.service - Remote desktop service (VNC)
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/[email protected]:2.service; enabled; vendor preset:
disabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since 一 2016-04-25 19:09:41 CST; 6s ago
Process: 12367 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/runuser -l root -c /usr/bin/vncserver %i (code=exited,
status=98)
Process: 12354 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c /usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :
(code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
?4月 25 19:09:41 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting Remote desktop service (VNC)...
4月 25 19:09:41 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: [email protected]:2.service: control process
exited, code=exited status=98
4月 25 19:09:41 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Failed to start Remote desktop service
(VNC).
4月 25 19:09:41 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Unit [email protected]:2.service entered failed
state.
4月 25 19:09:41 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: [email protected]:2.service failed.

3.vnc viewer客户端连接黑屏

改变xstartup的权限
这个问题是很多人容易忽视的问题，也是造成连接成功后黑屏的原因之一。
在CentOS中，xstartup的文件路径为：/root/.vnc/ （可以通过locate xstartup来查看xstartup的文件路径）
所以需要执行：chmod 777 /root/.vnc/xstartup