比较两个Java对象时, 我们需要覆盖equals和 hashCode。
- public class User{
- private String name;
- private int age;
- private String passport;
- //getters and setters, constructor
- }
在比较结果时:
- User user1 = new User("mkyong", 35, "111222333");
- User user2 = new User("mkyong", 35, "111222333");
- System.out.println(user1.equals(user2)); // false
下面我们将介绍几种常用方法:
这种17和31散列码的想法来自经典的Java书籍——《Effective Java》第九条。下面我们来看看是如何实现的...
- public class User {
- private String name;
- private int age;
- private String passport;
- //getters and setters, constructor
- @Override
- public boolean equals(Object o) {
- if (o == this) return true;
- if (!(o instanceof User)) {
- return false;
- }
- User user = (User) o;
- return user.name.equals(name) &&
- user.age == age &&
- user.passport.equals(passport);
- }
- //Idea from effective Java : Item 9
- @Override
- public int hashCode() {
- int result = 17;
- result = 31 * result + name.hashCode();
- result = 31 * result + age;
- result = 31 * result + passport.hashCode();
- return result;
- }
- }
2.JDK 7
对于JDK7及更新版本,你可以是使用
java.util.Objects
来重写 equals 和 hashCode 方法,代码如下- import java.util.Objects;
- public class User {
- private String name;
- private int age;
- private String passport;
- //getters and setters, constructor
- @Override
- public boolean equals(Object o) {
- if (o == this) return true;
- if (!(o instanceof User)) {
- return false;
- }
- User user = (User) o;
- return age == user.age &&
- Objects.equals(name, user.name) &&
- Objects.equals(passport, user.passport);
- }
- @Override
- public int hashCode() {
- return Objects.hash(name, age, passport);
- }
- }
3.Apache Commons Lang
或者,您可以使用Apache Commons LangEqualsBuilder
和HashCodeBuilder
方法。代码如下- import org.apache.commons.lang3.builder;
- public class User {
- private String name;
- private int age;
- private String passport;
- //getters and setters, constructor
- @Override
- public boolean equals(Object o) {
- if (o == this) return true;
- if (!(o instanceof User)) {
- return false;
- }
- User user = (User) o;
- return new EqualsBuilder()
- .append(age, user.age)
- .append(name, user.name)
- .append(passport, user.passport)
- .isEquals();
- }
- @Override
- public int hashCode() {
- return new HashCodeBuilder(17, 37)
- .append(name)
- .append(age)
- .append(passport)
- .toHashCode();
- }
- }
最后测试总结:
在使用上述三种任何一种方式都可以到如下结果:
- User user1 = new User("mkyong", 35, "111222333");
- User user2 = new User("mkyong", 35, "111222333");
- System.out.println(user1.equals(user2)); // true</span>
其实后两种都是对于17和31散列码思想的封装实现。具体请参考《Effective Java》第九条。