自动登录TP-LINK路由器，获取所有信息，重启等等，实用方法

Posted 2020-10-21

用Python自动登录TP-LINK路由器，获取信息，重启等操作

思路：想获取TP-LINK里面的所有信息，必须首先登录，然后提交相应的操作（比如重启）

1、 做任何操作，首先得登录到路由器
界面上面默认只有一个“密码”输入框，这里随便输入一个123密码发现，TP-LINK提交后的密码为加密后的，分析js就可以看到加密方法（下面会附上代码），再把加密后的密码提交就搞定啦
路由器登录post信息截图（TP-LINK关掉了页面右键功能，可以手动打开浏览器的开发者工具，网络部分查看）：

附上Python实现登录的方法

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf8 -*-
‘‘‘
Author : mafei
Date   : 18/1/20
‘‘‘
import requests
import json

# 加密提交后的密码，可以把自己的密码提交到这个方法，再跟TP-LINK页面中实际提交的密码值做比对
def encrypt_pwd(password):
    input1 = "RDpbLfCPsJZ7fiv"
    input3 = "yLwVl0zKqws7LgKPRQ84Mdt708T1qQ3Ha7xv3H7NyU84p21BriUWBU43odz3iP4rBL3cD02KZciXTysVXiV8ngg6vL48rPJyAUw0HurW20xqxv9aYb4M9wK1Ae0wlro510qXeU07kV57fQMc8L6aLgMLwygtc0F10a0Dg70TOoouyFhdysuRMO51yY5ZlOZZLEal1h0t9YQW0Ko7oBwmCAHoic4HYbUyVeU3sfQ1xtXcPcf1aT303wAQhv66qzW"
    len1 = len(input1)
    len2 = len(password)
    dictionary = input3
    lenDict = len(dictionary)
    output = ‘‘
    if len1 > len2:
        length = len1
    else:
        length = len2
    index = 0
    while index < length:
        # 十六进制数 0xBB 的十进制为 187
        cl = 187
        cr = 187
        if index >= len1:
            # ord() 函数返回字符的整数表示
            cr = ord(password[index])
        elif index >= len2:
            cl = ord(input1[index])
        else:
            cl = ord(input1[index])
            cr = ord(password[index])
        index += 1
        # chr() 函数返回整数对应的字符
        output = output + chr(ord(dictionary[cl ^ cr]) % lenDict)
    return output

# 提交登录请求的方法
def login(password=‘‘):
    encrypt_password = encrypt_pwd(password)
    url = ‘http://192.168.1.1/‘
    headers = {‘Content-Type‘: ‘application/json; charset=UTF-8‘}
    payload = ‘{"method":"do","login":{"password":"%s"}}‘ % encrypt_password
    response = requests.post(url, data=payload, headers=headers)
    response_body = json.loads(response.text)
    return response_body

if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
    print(login(password=‘xxx‘))
        # 返回的数据样例，error_code为0表示登录成功，stok是动态生成的key {u‘error_code‘: 0, u‘stok‘: u‘xxx‘}

2、 获取登录之后的设备信息
先观察规律会发现，每次TP-LINK提交到后台的URL中都有一个stok的变量，是TP-LINK生成的动态key，每次登陆都会重新生成一个，这个stok在上一步登陆之后我们已经获取到了，后面就直接提交相应的json请求就可以了,到此已经已经全部搞定

def get_all_host(password):
    stok = login(password).get(‘stok‘)
    payload = ‘{"hosts_info":{"table":"host_info"},"method":"get"}‘
    headers = {‘Content-Type‘: ‘application/json; charset=UTF-8‘}
    url = ‘%sstok=%s/ds‘ % (‘http://192.168.1.1/‘, stok)
    response = requests.post(url, data=payload, headers=headers)
    return response.text

if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
    print(get_all_host(password=‘ncmmssm_8‘))
# 返回的样例数据
# { "hosts_info": { "host_info": [ { "host_info_1": { "mac": "4c-32-75-29-5a-f3", "type": "1", "blocked": "0", "ip": "192.168.1.104", "hostname": "mafeiMBP", "up_speed": "3487", "down_speed": "5733", "up_limit": "0", "down_limit": "0", "cfg_valid": "0", "is_cur_host": "1", "ssid": "", "wifi_mode": "0", "plan_rule": [ ] } }, { "host_info_4": { "mac": "48-d2-24-ed-51-a4", "type": "1", "blocked": "0", "ip": "192.168.1.103", "hostname": "Lenovo%2DPC", "up_speed": "5733", "down_speed": "1975", "up_limit": "0", "down_limit": "0", "cfg_valid": "0", "is_cur_host": "0", "ssid": "", "wifi_mode": "0", "plan_rule": [ ] } }, { "host_info_2": { "mac": "90-8d-6c-0a-a6-8d", "type": "1", "blocked": "0", "ip": "192.168.1.101", "hostname": "iPad%2D2", "up_speed": "0", "down_speed": "0", "up_limit": "0", "down_limit": "0", "cfg_valid": "0", "is_cur_host": "0", "ssid": "", "wifi_mode": "0", "plan_rule": [ ] } } ] }, "error_code": 0 }

这里附上完整源代码

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf8 -*-
‘‘‘
Author : mafei
Date   : 18/1/20
‘‘‘
import requests
import json

class LoginTpLink(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.password = ‘ncmmssm_8‘
        self.stok = self.login(self.password)  # 初始化类的时候就自动登录，获取到stok(动态key)

    # 加密密码的方法
    def encrypt_pwd(self, password):
        input1 = "RDpbLfCPsJZ7fiv"
        input3 = "yLwVl0zKqws7LgKPRQ84Mdt708T1qQ3Ha7xv3H7NyU84p21BriUWBU43odz3iP4rBL3cD02KZciXTysVXiV8ngg6vL48rPJyAUw0HurW20xqxv9aYb4M9wK1Ae0wlro510qXeU07kV57fQMc8L6aLgMLwygtc0F10a0Dg70TOoouyFhdysuRMO51yY5ZlOZZLEal1h0t9YQW0Ko7oBwmCAHoic4HYbUyVeU3sfQ1xtXcPcf1aT303wAQhv66qzW"
        len1 = len(input1)
        len2 = len(password)
        dictionary = input3
        lenDict = len(dictionary)
        output = ‘‘
        if len1 > len2:
            length = len1
        else:
            length = len2
        index = 0
        while index < length:
            # 十六进制数 0xBB 的十进制为 187
            cl = 187
            cr = 187
            if index >= len1:
                # ord() 函数返回字符的整数表示
                cr = ord(password[index])
            elif index >= len2:
                cl = ord(input1[index])
            else:
                cl = ord(input1[index])
                cr = ord(password[index])
            index += 1
            # chr() 函数返回整数对应的字符
            output = output + chr(ord(dictionary[cl ^ cr]) % lenDict)
        return output

    # 登录方法
    def login(self, password=‘‘):
        encryptPwd = self.encrypt_pwd(password)
        url = ‘http://192.168.1.1/‘
        headers = {‘Content-Type‘: ‘application/json; charset=UTF-8‘}
        payload = ‘{"method":"do","login":{"password":"%s"}}‘ % encryptPwd
        response = requests.post(url, data=payload, headers=headers)
        stok = json.loads(response.text)[‘stok‘]
        return stok

    # 获取所有主机信息的方法
    def all_host_info(self):
        payload = ‘{"hosts_info":{"table":"host_info"},"method":"get"}‘
        response = self.post_tp_link(payload)
        return response.text

    # 重启路由器的方法
    def reboot(self):
        payload = ‘{"system":{"reboot":null},"method":"do"}‘
        response = self.post_tp_link(payload)
        return response.text

    # 为了通用，封装的post方法
    def post_tp_link(self, payload):
        headers = {‘Content-Type‘: ‘application/json; charset=UTF-8‘}
        url = ‘%sstok=%s/ds‘ % (‘http://192.168.1.1/‘, self.stok)
        response = requests.post(url, data=payload, headers=headers)
        return response

if __name__ == ‘__main__‘:
    login_tp_link = LoginTpLink()

    result = login_tp_link.reboot()
    import pprint
    pprint.pprint(json.loads(result))