centos7 docker 安装配置

Posted 2020-10-21 Elvin笔记分享

 

 docker快速入门测试

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#docker安装配置
#环境centos7

#配置docker阿里源
echo ‘#Docker
[docker-ce-stable]
name=Docker CE - Aliyun
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/x86_64/stable/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg
‘>/etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
yum makecache fast

#安装必要的系统工具
yum install -y device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2

#安装 docker-ce
yum install -y docker-ce

#启动docker
systemctl enabled docker
systemctl start   docker

docker info
docker version

#默认镜像源慢，配置镜像加速
#申请阿里云加速地址https://dev.aliyun.com/
#docker阿里云加速配置
mkdir -p /etc/docker
tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-‘EOF‘
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://56px195b.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker


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#测试运行 hello-world
docker run hello-world

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　#运行容器

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#运行容器

#安装nginx

#搜索、下载镜像
docker search nginx
docker pull nginx
docker images nginx


#运行容器mynginx
docker run -p 80:80 --name mynginx -d nginx

#查看端口
netstat -antp|grep 80
#访问测试
curl 127.0.0.1
#外部浏览器访问ip正常，部署成功

#进入Nginx容器
docker exec -it mynginx /bin/sh
#退出容器 exit
Ctrl+d #快捷键

#列出容器
docker ps -a
#删除容器
docker rm mynginx

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　运行Nginx部署网站

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#接下来思考问题：
#Nginx配置、查看日志、部署网站
#需要把外部的目录或文件映射到docker容器

#创建目录
Ngdir=/www/docker/nginx
mkdir -p $Ngdir/{www,log,conf/conf.d}

#创建配置(采用默认配置去注释)
echo ‘#man config
user  nginx;
worker_processes  1;
error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
    worker_connections  1024;
} 
http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    log_format  main  ‘$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ‘
                      ‘$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ‘
                      ‘"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"‘;
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;
    sendfile        on;
    keepalive_timeout  65;
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
‘>$Ngdir/conf/nginx.conf
#
echo ‘#nginx
server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;
    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }
    error_page   500 502 503 504 404  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }
}
‘>$Ngdir/conf/conf.d/default.conf
#html
echo ‘Welcome to nginx!‘>$Ngdir/www/index.html
echo ‘error_page 500 502 503 504 404‘>$Ngdir/www/50x.html

#使用nginx镜像，创建容器mynginx
docker run -p 80:80 --name mynginx  -v $Ngdir/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf:ro  -v $Ngdir/conf/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d:ro  -v $Ngdir/www:/usr/share/nginx/html:rw  -v $Ngdir/log:/var/log/nginx:rw  -d nginx

#测试html内容
curl 127.0.0.1
curl 127.0.0.1/123
#查看error.log
cat $Ngdir/log/error.log

#测试成功 ^_^

# 参数说明：
# -p 80:80：本地80端口:映射docker容器80端口
# -v $Ngdir/log:/var/log/nginx  主机log目录挂载到容器log/nginx


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#常用命令

#获取容器PID
docker inspect --format "{{.State.Pid}}" myngix
#docker查看容器IP
docker inspect --format=‘{{.NetworkSettings.IPAddress}}‘ $(docker ps -a -q)  
#查看变量
docker exec -it mynginx env


列出容器：docker ps -a
查看最近生成的容器：docker ps -l
查看正在运行的容器：docker ps
显示容器的标准输出：docker logs CONTAINERID
使用docker run的-i -t参数就会响应这种交互
停止正在运行的容器：docker stop CONTAINERID
查看容器或镜像的详细信息：docker inspect CONTAINERID|IMAGE
删除容器：docker rm CONTAINERID
查看所有容器ID：docker ps -a -q
删除所有的容器：docker rm $(docker ps -a -q)
删除镜像：docker rmi IMAGE

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