mycat初次简单配置分库分表
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先规划下数据库的基础架构,先来个最简单基础的。 三台虚机,各安装了mysql5.7 用mycat建立逻辑数据库,建立5个表格,其中一个表格分库,一个表格做全局表,剩余三个表格每个虚机的数据库各放一个。 统计信息: 三个虚机的IP分别为: 192.168.211.138 192.168.211.139 192.168.211.142 真实的dataNode就是这三个虚机啦。 mysql的登录用户就用[email protected]%,密码都是:[email protected] mycat逻辑库的名字命名为:hello 五张表格: t1,t2,t3,t4,t5 t1做分库,t2做全局,t3放到dn1,t4放到dn2,t5放到dn3 预先需要考虑的问题: 分库的规则是什么? 先开始做吧,到哪一步再来思考。 首先配置schema.xml文件 先把配置文件备份一下 [[email protected] conf]# cp schema.xml schema.xml.bk2 清空配置文件 [[email protected] conf]# echo " " > schema.xml 开始配置: [[email protected] conf]# vi schema.xml <?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd"> <mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/"> 这是定义文件头,xml格式默认必须有 <schema name="hello" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100"> 定义mycat逻辑库 <!-- auto sharding by id (long) --> 注释说明下面是分库表 <table name="t1" dataNode="dn1,dn2,dn3" rule="auto-sharding-long" /> 定义t1分库 <!-- global table is auto cloned to all defined data nodes ,so can join with any table whose sharding node is in the same data node --> 注释说明是全局表 <table name="t2" primaryKey="ID" type="global" dataNode="dn1,dn2,dn3" /> 定义t2是全局表 <table name="t3" dataNode="dn1" /> <table name="t4" dataNode="dn2" /> <table name="t5" dataNode="dn3" /> 这里还需要测试 定义各个分别存放在哪里 </schema> 结束标签 <!-- <dataNode name="dn1$0-743" dataHost="localhost1" database="db$0-743" /> --> <dataNode name="dn1" dataHost="mysql1" database="db1" /> 定义NODE <dataNode name="dn2" dataHost="mysql2" database="db2" /> <dataNode name="dn3" dataHost="mysql3" database="db3" /> <dataHost name="mysql1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0" 定义后端连接的真实数据库 writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1" slaveThreshold="100"> <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat> <!-- can have multi write hosts --> <writeHost host="hostM1" url="192.168.211.138:3306" user="root" password="[email protected]"> <!-- can have multi read hosts --> <readHost host="hostS2" url="192.168.211.138:3306" user="root" password="[email protected]"/> </writeHost> </dataHost> <dataHost name="mysql2" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0" writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1" slaveThreshold="100"> <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat> <!-- can have multi write hosts --> <writeHost host="hostM1" url="192.168.211.139:3306" user="root" password="[email protected]"> <!-- can have multi read hosts --> <readHost host="hostS2" url="192.168.211.139:3306" user="root" password="[email protected]"/> </writeHost> </dataHost> <dataHost name="mysql3" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0" writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1" slaveThreshold="100"> <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat> <!-- can have multi write hosts --> <writeHost host="hostM1" url="192.168.211.142:3306" user="root" password="[email protected]"> <!-- can have multi read hosts --> <readHost host="hostS2" url="192.168.211.142:3306" user="root" password="[email protected]"/> </writeHost> </dataHost> </mycat:schema> 结束标签 配置server.xml <user name="root"> <property name="password">123456</property> <property name="schemas">TESTDB</property> TESTDB改成自己的逻辑库,我的是hello <!-- 表级 DML 权限设置 --> <!-- <privileges check="false"> <schema name="TESTDB" dml="0110" > <table name="tb01" dml="0000"></table> <table name="tb02" dml="1111"></table> </schema> </privileges> --> </user> <user name="user"> <property name="password">user</property> <property name="schemas">TESTDB</property> <property name="readOnly">true</property> </user> 启动服务 [[email protected] conf]# ../bin/mycat start Starting Mycat-server... 登录看看 [[email protected] conf]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -P8066 -h 127.0.0.1 稍微等一下登录,我发现马上登录会报错,说登录不上去。可以执行: [[email protected] conf]# ps -ef |grep mycat 看看进程启动没有 操作看看 我这边登录成功了,参考信息如下 登录有两个端口,9066是管理端口,可以查看监控信息,8066是普通数据库登录端口,下面我是用9066端口登录,检查信息 [[email protected] logs]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -P9066 -h 127.0.0.1 mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.6.29-mycat-1.6-RELEASE-20161028204710 MyCat Server (OpenCloundDB) Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> mysql> show @@help; +------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------+ | STATEMENT | DESCRIPTION | +------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------+ | show @@time.current | Report current timestamp | | show @@time.startup | Report startup timestamp | | show @@version | Report Mycat Server version | | show @@server | Report server status | | show @@threadpool | Report threadPool status | | show @@database | Report databases | | show @@datanode | Report dataNodes | | show @@datanode where schema = ? | Report dataNodes | | show @@datasource | Report dataSources | | show @@datasource where dataNode = ? | Report dataSources | | show @@datasource.synstatus | Report datasource data synchronous | | show @@datasource.syndetail where name=? | Report datasource data synchronous detail | | show @@datasource.cluster | Report datasource galary cluster variables | | show @@processor | Report processor status | | show @@command | Report commands status | | show @@connection | Report connection status | | show @@cache | Report system cache usage | | show @@backend | Report backend connection status | | show @@session | Report front session details | | show @@connection.sql | Report connection sql | | show @@sql.execute | Report execute status | | show @@sql.detail where id = ? | Report execute detail status | | show @@sql | Report SQL list | | show @@sql.high | Report Hight Frequency SQL | | show @@sql.slow | Report slow SQL | | show @@sql.resultset | Report BIG RESULTSET SQL | | show @@sql.sum | Report User RW Stat | | show @@sql.sum.user | Report User RW Stat | | show @@sql.sum.table | Report Table RW Stat | | show @@parser | Report parser status | | show @@router | Report router status | | show @@heartbeat | Report heartbeat status | | show @@heartbeat.detail where name=? | Report heartbeat current detail | | show @@slow where schema = ? | Report schema slow sql | | show @@slow where datanode = ? | Report datanode slow sql | | show @@sysparam | Report system param | | show @@syslog limit=? | Report system mycat.log | | show @@white | show mycat white host | | show @@white.set=?,? | set mycat white host,[ip,user] | | show @@directmemory=1 or 2 | show mycat direct memory usage | | switch @@datasource name:index | Switch dataSource | | kill @@connection id1,id2,... | Kill the specified connections | | stop @@heartbeat name:time | Pause dataNode heartbeat | | reload @@config | Reload basic config from file | | reload @@config_all | Reload all config from file | | reload @@route | Reload route config from file | | reload @@user | Reload user config from file | | reload @@sqlslow= | Set Slow SQL Time(ms) | | reload @@user_stat | Reset show @@sql @@sql.sum @@sql.slow | | rollback @@config | Rollback all config from memory | | rollback @@route | Rollback route config from memory | | rollback @@user | Rollback user config from memory | | reload @@sqlstat=open | Open real-time sql stat analyzer | | reload @@sqlstat=close | Close real-time sql stat analyzer | | offline | Change MyCat status to OFF | | online | Change MyCat status to ON | | clear @@slow where schema = ? | Clear slow sql by schema | | clear @@slow where datanode = ? | Clear slow sql by datanode | +------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------+ 58 rows in set (0.01 sec) 以上是可以使用的监控命令,下面操作几个看看 mysql> show @@datanode; +------+------------+-------+-------+--------+------+------+---------+------------+----------+---------+---------------+ | NAME | DATHOST | INDEX | TYPE | ACTIVE | IDLE | SIZE | EXECUTE | TOTAL_TIME | MAX_TIME | MAX_SQL | RECOVERY_TIME | +------+------------+-------+-------+--------+------+------+---------+------------+----------+---------+---------------+ | dn1 | mysql1/db1 | 0 | mysql | 0 | 10 | 1000 | 94 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | | dn2 | mysql2/db2 | 0 | mysql | 0 | 10 | 1000 | 92 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | | dn3 | mysql3/db3 | 0 | mysql | 0 | 10 | 1000 | 94 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -1 | +------+------------+-------+-------+--------+------+------+---------+------------+----------+---------+---------------+ 3 rows in set (0.01 sec) 三个datanode,正常。 [[email protected] logs]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -P8066 -h 127.0.0.1 普通口登录操作看看 mysql> show databases; +----------+ | DATABASE | +----------+ | hello | +----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> mysql> show tables; +-----------------+ | Tables in hello | +-----------------+ | t1 | | t2 | | t3 | | t4 | | t5 | +-----------------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> desc t1; ERROR 1146 (42S02): Table 'db1.t1' doesn't exist mysql> 报错,因为实际我们还没有创建表格 mysql> create table t1(id int not null,name varchar(20)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.66 sec) mysql> desc t1; +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | id | int(11) | NO | | NULL | | | name | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 2 rows in set (0.08 sec) mysql> mysql> explain create table t1(id int not null,name varchar(20)); +-----------+---------------------------------------------------+ | DATA_NODE | SQL | +-----------+---------------------------------------------------+ | dn1 | create table t1(id int not null,name varchar(20)) | | dn2 | create table t1(id int not null,name varchar(20)) | | dn3 | create table t1(id int not null,name varchar(20)) | +-----------+---------------------------------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.04 sec) 注意t1分库,三个node都会生成 mysql> create table t2(id int not null,money varchar(100)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.12 sec) mysql> desc t2; +-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | id | int(11) | NO | | NULL | | | money | varchar(100) | YES | | NULL | | +-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 2 rows in set (0.08 sec) mysql> mysql> explain create table t2(id int not null,money varchar(100)); +-----------+-----------------------------------------------------+ | DATA_NODE | SQL | +-----------+-----------------------------------------------------+ | dn1 | create table t2(id int not null,money varchar(100)) | | dn2 | create table t2(id int not null,money varchar(100)) | | dn3 | create table t2(id int not null,money varchar(100)) | +-----------+-----------------------------------------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> 注意t2全局表,三个node都会生成 mysql> create table t3(id int not null,bu varchar(20)); Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec) mysql> desc t3; +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | id | int(11) | NO | | NULL | | | bu | varchar(20) | YES | | NULL | | +-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 2 rows in set (0.13 sec) mysql> mysql> explain create table t3(id int not null,bu varchar(20)); +-----------+-------------------------------------------------+ | DATA_NODE | SQL | +-----------+-------------------------------------------------+ | dn1 | create table t3(id int not null,bu varchar(20)) | +-----------+-------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> t3,我们默认是设置放到node dn1上的,实现要求。 mysql> explain create table t4(id int not null,city varchar(10); +-----------+--------------------------------------------------+ | DATA_NODE | SQL | +-----------+--------------------------------------------------+ | dn2 | create table t4(id int not null,city varchar(10) | +-----------+--------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> explain create table t5(id int not null,company varchar(50)); +-----------+------------------------------------------------------+ | DATA_NODE | SQL | +-----------+------------------------------------------------------+ | dn3 | create table t5(id int not null,company varchar(50)) | +-----------+------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> t4放到node dn2 t5放到node dn3 达到了我们设计的要求。以上是关于mycat初次简单配置分库分表的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章