ElasticSearch入门3: 高级查询
Posted 刘晓明
tags:
篇首语：本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理，主要介绍了ElasticSearch入门3: 高级查询相关的知识，希望对你有一定的参考价值。
单字段 模糊匹配查询与精准查询
postman请求
POST 127.0.0.1:9200/book/_search
请求json：
{
"query":{
"match":{
"name":"晓明9"
}
}
}
注：match 模糊查询的标识 ：查询内容自动拆分成分词来查询
若match 改为 match_phrase ：精准查询 具体可以查看 http://www.cnblogs.com/liuxiaoming123/p/8119217.html
响应结果：
{
"took": 51,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 4,
"max_score": 0.5753642,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "book",
"_type": "novel",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.5753642,
"_source": {
"name": "晓明1",
"country": "china1",
"age": 26,
"date": "1992-08-08"
}
},
{
"_index": "book",
"_type": "novel",
"_id": "5",
"_score": 0.28363907,
"_source": {
"name": "晓明",
"country": "china",
"age": 26,
"date": "1992-08-08"
}
},
{
"_index": "book",
"_type": "novel",
"_id": "8",
"_score": 0.28363907,
"_source": {
"name": "晓明",
"country": "china",
"age": 26,
"date": "1992-08-08"
}
},
{
"_index": "book",
"_type": "novel",
"_id": "9",
"_score": 0.23911436,
"_source": {
"name": "晓明9",
"country": "china9",
"age": 26,
"date": "1992-08-08"
}
}
]
}
}
多字段 模糊匹配查询与精准查询
postman请求URL：
POST 127.0.0.1:9200/book/_search
请求json字符串:
{
"query":{
"multi_match":{
"query":"晓明china",
"fields":["name","country"]
}
}
}
注：multi_match为指定多字段匹配
响应结果：
{
"took": 42,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 4,
"max_score": 0.5753642,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "book",
"_type": "novel",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.5753642,
"_source": {
"name": "晓明1",
"country": "china1",
"age": 26,
"date": "1992-08-08"
}
},
{
"_index": "book",
"_type": "novel",
"_id": "5",
"_score": 0.47000363,
"_source": {
"name": "晓明",
"country": "china",
"age": 26,
"date": "1992-08-08"
}
},
{
"_index": "book",
"_type": "novel",
"_id": "8",
"_score": 0.47000363,
"_source": {
"name": "晓明",
"country": "china",
"age": 26,
"date": "1992-08-08"
}
},
{
"_index": "book",
"_type": "novel",
"_id": "9",
"_score": 0.23911436,
"_source": {
"name": "晓明9",
"country": "china9",
"age": 26,
"date": "1992-08-08"
}
}
]
}
}
语法查询
未指定字段：
postman请求：
POST 127.0.0.1:9200/book/_search
请求json字符串：
{
"query":{
"query_string":{
"query":"(ElasticSearch AND 入门) OR SpringBoot"
}
}
}
返回结果：
{
"took": 21,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 2,
"max_score": 2.634553,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "book",
"_type": "novel",
"_id": "9",
"_score": 2.634553,
"_source": {
"name": "ElasticSearch 入门",
"country": "china9",
"age": 26,
"date": "1992-08-08"
}
},
{
"_index": "book",
"_type": "novel",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.2876821,
"_source": {
"name": "SpringBoot",
"country": "china1",
"age": 26,
"date": "1992-08-08"
}
}
]
}
}
语法查询
指定字段：
postman请求：
POST 127.0.0.1:9200/book/_search
请求json字符串：
{
"query":{
"query_string":{
"query":"SpringBoot OR 中国",
"fields":["name","country"]
}
}
}
响应结果：
{
"took": 11,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 1,
"max_score": 0.8630463,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "book",
"_type": "novel",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.8630463,
"_source": {
"name": "SpringBoot",
"country": "中国",
"age": 26,
"date": "1992-08-08"
}
}
]
}
}
（结构化数据的查询）
指定字段查询：（term）
postman请求：
POST 127.0.0.1:9200/book/_search
请求json字符串：
{
"query" :
{
"term" : {"name" : "springboot"}
}
}
响应结果：
{
"took": 4,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 1,
"max_score": 0.2876821,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "book",
"_type": "novel",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0.2876821,
"_source": {
"name": "SpringBoot",
"country": "中国",
"age": 26,
"date": "1992-08-08"
}
}
]
}
}
注：若查询英文时 应全字母小写 精确查询
若查询中文时 应按单个字来查询
范围查询：
注：json请求字符串中部分字段的含义
range：范围关键字
gte 大于等于
lte 小于等于
gt 大于
lt 小于
now 当前时间
postman请求：
127.0.0.1:9200/book/_search
请求json字符串：
{
"query" :
{
"range" : {
"date" : {
"gte":"2017-01-01",
"lte":"now"
}
}
}
}
响应结果：
{
"took": 7,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 1,
"max_score": 1,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "book",
"_type": "novel",
"_id": "9",
"_score": 1,
"_source": {
"name": "ElasticSearch 入门",
"country": "china9",
"age": 28,
"date": "2017-08-08"
}
}
]
}
}
Filter Context(对数据进行过滤)
postman请求：
POST 127.0.0.1:9200/book/_search
请求json字符串：
{
"query" : {
"bool" : {
"filter" : {
"term":{
"age":20
}
}
}
}
}
响应结果：
{
"took": 24,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 1,
"max_score": 0,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "book",
"_type": "novel",
"_id": "1",
"_score": 0,
"_source": {
"name": "SpringBoot",
"country": "中国",
"age": 20,
"date": "1992-08-08"
}
}
]
}
}
注： boost 固定响应结果分数的值
postman请求：
POST 127.0.0.1:9200/_search
请求json字符串：
{
"query" : {
"constant_score" : {
"filter" : {
"match":{
"name":"晓明"
}
},
"boost":2
}
}
}
响应结果：
{
"took": 11,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 8,
"successful": 8,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 2,
"max_score": 2,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "book",
"_type": "novel",
"_id": "5",
"_score": 2,
"_source": {
"name": "晓明",
"country": "china",
"age": 26,
"date": "1992-08-08"
}
},
{
"_index": "book",
"_type": "novel",
"_id": "8",
"_score": 2,
"_source": {
"name": "晓明8",
"country": "china",
"age": 26,
"date": "1992-08-08"
}
}
]
}
}
should关键词：或的关系
若should改为must 关键词则表示 和的关系
postman请求：
POST 127.0.0.1:9200/_search
请求json字符串：
1.shuld:
{
"query" : {
"bool" : {
"should" : [
{
"match":{"name":"springboot"}
},
{
"match":{"country":"中国"}
}
]
}
}
}
2.must:
{
"query" : {
"bool" : {
"must" : [
{
"match":{"name":"springboot"}
},
{
"match":{"country":"中国"}
}
]
}
}
}
3.must filter:
{
"query" : {
"bool" : {
"must" : [
{
"match":{"name":"springboot"}
},
{
"match":{"country":"中国"}
}
],
"filter":[
{
"term":{
"age":20
}
}
]
}
}
}
4.must_not:
{
"query" : {
"bool" : {
"must_not" : {
"term":{"age":20}
}
}
}
}
以上是关于ElasticSearch入门3: 高级查询的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章
Elasticsearch全文检索技术 一篇文章即可从入门到精通（Elasticsearch安装，安装kibana，安装ik分词器，数据的增删改查，全文检索查询，聚合aggregations）(代码片
Elasticsearch7.8.0版本入门——桶聚合查询文档（高级查询）