学习笔记-备份还原

Posted 2020-10-19 我是墩

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一、备份还原的概念

1、完整备份：完整备份因为需要备份的数据量大，所以需要在空闲时间进行，并且定期进行。

2、日志备份：日志备份的数据量小，备份时间为上一次备份到本次本分期间的数据，每天都可以进行备份，或者每小时都可以进行备份，据所需备份。

3、差异备份：只备份修改过的数据，与每小时进行的日志备份配合使用，效率更高。

二、备份设备

1、在进行备份数据的保存时，需要输入的文件路径很长，并且每次都要输入，难免麻烦费事，所以我们先给文件路径取好别名，即备份设备，以便之后书写代码的方便。

2、创建备份设备

 IF EXISTS    
    (SELECT 1 FROM sys.backup_devices AS BD WHERE BD.name = ‘dp_EduBase_FullBackup‘)
    EXEC sp_dropdevice ‘dp_EduBase_FullBackup‘;
EXEC sp_addumpdevice ‘DISK‘,‘dp_EduBase_FullBackup‘,‘C:\EduBase\Backup\Full\dp_EduBase_FullBackup.bak‘;    
IF EXISTS    
    (SELECT 1 FROM sys.backup_devices AS BD WHERE BD.name = ‘dp_EduBase_DiffBackup‘)
    EXEC sp_dropdevice ‘dp_EduBase_DiffBackup‘;
EXEC sp_addumpdevice ‘DISK‘,‘dp_EduBase_DiffBackup‘,‘C:\EduBase\Backup\Diff\dp_EduBase_DiffBackup.bak‘;    
IF EXISTS    
    (SELECT 1 FROM sys.backup_devices AS BD WHERE BD.name = ‘dp_EduBase_LogBackup‘)
    EXEC sp_dropdevice ‘dp_EduBase_LogBackup‘;
EXEC sp_addumpdevice ‘DISK‘,‘dp_EduBase_LogBackup‘,‘C:\EduBase\Backup\Log\dp_EduBase_LogBackup.bak‘;

1、做完整备份

 USE EduBase;        
DECLARE @FullBkDesc VARCHAR(MAX);        //申明备份设备
SELECT        
    @FullBkDesc = ‘Weekly full backup for ‘+DB_NAME()+‘ at ‘+DATENAME(YEAR,GETDATE())+‘,week ‘+DATENAME(WEEK,GETDATE())+‘.(‘+CONVERT(VARCHAR,GETDATE(),120)+‘)‘;    
BACKUP DATABASE EduBase        
    TO dp_EduBase_FullBackup    
    WITH     
        INIT //INIT操作可以初始化文件，即可以覆盖掉之前的备份，保留本次操作过后的备份
        ,Name = ‘EduBase_FullBackup‘
        ,DESCRIPTION = @FullBkDesc;

2、做日志备份

DECLARE @LogBkDesc VARCHAR(MAX);        
SELECT        
    @LogBkDesc = ‘Hourly log backup for ‘+DB_NAME()+‘ at ‘+DATENAME(YEAR,GETDATE())+‘,week ‘+DATENAME(WEEK,GETDATE())+‘,day ‘+CONVERT(VARCHAR,DATEPART(W,GETDATE())-1)+‘,hour ‘+CONVERT(VARCHAR,DATEPART(HOUR,GETDATE()))+‘.(‘+CONVERT(VARCHAR,GETDATE(),120)+‘)‘;    
BACKUP LOG EduBase        
    TO dp_EduBase_LogBackup    
    WITH    
        INIT
        ,Name = ‘EduBase_LogBackup‘ 
        ,DESCRIPTION = @LogBkDesc;

3、做差异备份

 DECLARE @DiffBkDesc VARCHAR(MAX);        
SELECT        
    @DiffBkDesc = ‘Daily Differential backup for ‘+DB_NAME()+‘ at ‘+DATENAME(YEAR,GETDATE())+‘,week ‘+DATENAME(WEEK,GETDATE())+‘,day ‘+CONVERT(VARCHAR,DATEPART(W,GETDATE())-1)+‘.(‘+CONVERT(VARCHAR,GETDATE(),120)+‘)‘;    
BACKUP DATABASE EduBase        
    TO dp_EduBase_DiffBackup    
    WITH     
        DIFFERENTIAL 
        ,INIT
        ,Name = ‘EduBase_DiffBackup‘