二周第二次课（12月19日）
2.10 环境变量PATH
2.11 cp命令
2.12 mv命令
2.13 文档查看cat/more/less/head/tail
环境变量 ：
#PATH （环境变量）
#CP (拷贝）
#which (查看命令别名和所在的路径）
[[email protected] ~]# which alias PATH ^C
[[email protected] ~]# PATH ^C
[[email protected] ~]# which rm
alias rm=‘rm -i‘
/usr/bin/rm
[[email protected] ~]# which rmdir
/usr/bin/rmdir
[[email protected] ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/tmp/
[[email protected] ~]# rm /usr/bin/rm ^C
[[email protected] ~]# adkee
-bash: adkee: 未找到命令
[[email protected] ~]# which ls
alias ls=‘ls --color=auto‘
/usr/bin/ls
[[email protected] ~]# ls /usr/bin/ls
/usr/bin/ls
[[email protected] ~]# cp /usr/bin/ls /tmp/ls2
[[email protected] ~]# /tmp/ls2
anaconda-ks.cfg
[[email protected] ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg
[[email protected] ~]# PATH=$PATH:/tmp/
[[email protected] ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/tmp/
[[email protected] ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg
[[email protected] ~]# ls2
anaconda-ks.cfg
[[email protected] ~]# which ls2
/tmp/ls2
[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/profile
# /etc/profile
# System wide environment and startup programs, for login setup
# Functions and aliases go in /etc/bashrc
- - - - -- -删除分割线------------
unset i
unset -f pathmunge
PATH=$PATH:/tmp/
[[email protected] ~]#
副本
[[email protected] ~]# ls2
-bash: ls2: 未找到命令
[[email protected] ~]# /tmp/ls2
anaconda-ks.cfg
[[email protected] ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/profile
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/profile
# /etc/profile
# System wide environment and startup programs, for login setup
# Functions and aliases go in /etc/bashrc
- - - - -- -删除分割线------------
unset i
unset -f pathmunge
PATH=$PATH:/tmp/
[[email protected] ~]#
副本
[email protected] ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/tmp/:/root/bin
[[email protected] ~]# ls2
anaconda-ks.cfg
[[email protected] ~]#
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
[[email protected] ~]# ls2
-bash: ls2: 未找到命令
[[email protected] ~]# vi /etc/profile
[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/profile
# /etc/profile
# System wide environment and startup programs, for login setup
# Functions and aliases go in /etc/bashrc
- - - - -- -删除分割线------------
unset i
unset -f pathmunge
[[email protected] ~]#
命令:
#cp >>copy (拷贝）
#cp -r (拷贝目录参数)
#cp -i (安全选项参数）
#源文件》》目标文件
#源目录》》目标目录
[[email protected] ~]# cp r /tmp/adkee//tmp/admin1
[[email protected] ~]# tree /tmp/admin1/
/tmp/admin1/
└── 2
└── 1.txt
1 directory, 1 file
[[email protected] ~]# tree /tmp/admin/
/tmp/admin/
└── 2
└── 1.txt
1 directory, 1 file
[[email protected] ~]# which cp
alias cp=‘cp -i‘
/usr/bin/cp
[[email protected] ~]# cp /etc/passwd /tmp/1.txt
cp：是否覆盖"/tmp/1.txt"？ ^C^C
[[email protected] ~]# /usr/bin/cp /etc/passwd /tmp/1.txt
[[email protected] ~]# tree /tmp/admin1/
/tmp/admin1/
└── 2
└── 1.txt
1 directory, 1 file
[[email protected] ~]# cp -r /tmp/adkee/ /tmp/admin1/
[[email protected] ~]# ls /tmp/admin1/
2 adkee
[[email protected] ~]# tree /tmp/admin1/
/tmp/admin1/
├── 2
│ └── 1.txt
└── adkee
└── 2
└── 1.txt
3 directories, 2 files
[[email protected] ~]# cp -r /tmp/adkee/ /tmp/admin1/
cp：是否覆盖"/tmp/admin1/adkee/2/1.txt"？ n
[[email protected] ~]#
命令：
#mv >> move
#mv >>(在同一目录下是改名字参数)
#mv >>(目标文件已存在会提示是是否覆盖）
#mv >>(目标目录且源也是目录，目标目录不存在就会更改目录名字）
#mv >>(目标目录且源也是目录，目标目录已存在就会把源放到目标目录里面）
[[email protected] tmp]# ls
1.txt
adkee
admin
admin1
ls2
systemd-private-ec35b47c3f9043809d70ccf6780ed722-vmtoolsd.service-sE1em2
[[email protected] tmp]# mv 1.txt /root/2.txt
[[email protected] tmp]# ls /root/
2.txt anaconda-ks.cfg.1
[[email protected] tmp]# ls
adkee
admin
admin1
ls2
systemd-private-ec35b47c3f9043809d70ccf6780ed722-vmtoolsd.service-sE1em2
[[email protected] tmp]# mv ls2 admin/
[[email protected] tmp]# ls admin
2 ls2
[[email protected] tmp]# which mv
alias mv=‘mv -i‘
/usr/bin/mv
[[email protected] tmp]# mv ls2 admin/
mv: 无法获取"ls2" 的文件状态(stat): 没有那个文件或目录
[[email protected] tmp]# touch ls2
[[email protected] tmp]# mv ls2 admin/
mv：是否覆盖"admin/ls2"？ n
[[email protected] tmp]# which mv
alias mv=‘mv -i‘
/usr/bin/mv
[[email protected] tmp]# /usr/bin/mv ls2 admin/
[[email protected] tmp]# ls
adkee
admin
admin1
systemd-private-ec35b47c3f9043809d70ccf6780ed722-vmtoolsd.service-sE1em2
[[email protected] tmp]# ls admin
2 ls2
[[email protected] tmp]# ls
adkee
admin
admin1
systemd-private-ec35b47c3f9043809d70ccf6780ed722-vmtoolsd.service-sE1em2
[[email protected] tmp]# mv admin1/ admin
[[email protected] tmp]# ls
adkee
admin
systemd-private-ec35b47c3f9043809d70ccf6780ed722-vmtoolsd.service-sE1em2
[[email protected] tmp]# mv admin/ admin2/
[[email protected] tmp]# ls
adkee
admin2
systemd-private-ec35b47c3f9043809d70ccf6780ed722-vmtoolsd.service-sE1em2
[[email protected] tmp]# mv admin2/ adkee/
[[email protected] tmp]# ls
adkee
systemd-private-ec35b47c3f9043809d70ccf6780ed722-vmtoolsd.service-sE1em2
[[email protected] tmp]# ls adkee/
2 admin2
[[email protected] tmp]# touch adkee/admin2/1.txt
[[email protected] tmp]# tree adkee/admin2/
adkee/admin2/
├── 1.txt
├── 2
│ └── 1.txt
├── admin1
│ ├── 2
│ │ └── 1.txt
│ └── adkee
│ └── 2
│ └── 1.txt
└── ls2
文档查看：
#cat 查看文件（-A显示所有,$文档结束符 ，-n显示行号）
#more（显示一屏，空格键显示剩余，看完直接退出，CTDL+B向上看）
#less（空格键一屏一屏向下显示，支持方向键。CTDL+B向上看,CTDL+F向下看。
字母“Q”退出，“/”向下搜索。“？”向上搜索。 g首页，G末尾。n向上看，N向下看 ）
#head（查看文件开头10行）
（-n自定义行数）
#tail（查看文件末尾10行）
（-f 动态显示文件内容）