POI 使用
一、 POI简介
Apache POI是Apache软件基金会的开放源码函式库，POI提供API给Java程序对Microsoft Office格式档案读和写的功能。
二、 EXCEL常用操作方法
1、 得到Excel常用对象
POIFSFileSystem fs=newPOIFSFileSystem(new FileInputStream("d:/test.xls"));
//得到Excel工作簿对象
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);
//得到Excel工作表对象
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
//得到Excel工作表的行
HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(i);
//得到Excel工作表指定行的单元格
HSSFCell cell = row.getCell((short) j);
//得到单元格样式
cellStyle = cell.getCellStyle();
2、建立Excel常用对象
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow((short)0);
HSSFCell cell = sheet.createCell((short)0);
cellStyle = wb.createCellStyle();
//指定单元格样式和值
cell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
cell.setCellValue(1);
3、sheet相关
//设置sheet名称
wb.setSheetName(0, "12" + "月合同到期");
//取得sheet的数目
wb.getNumberOfSheets()
//
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("Output");
//根据index取得sheet对象
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.getSheetAt(0);
//选中指定的工作表
sheet.setSelected(true);
4、有效的行,单元格个数
//取得有效的行数
int rowcount = sheet.getLastRowNum();
//取得一行的有效单元格个数
row.getLastCellNum();
5、单元格值类型读写
//根据单元格不同属性返回字符串数值
public String getCellStringValue(HSSFCell cell) {
String cellValue = "";
switch (cell.getCellType()) {
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING://字符串类型
cellValue = cell.getStringCellValue();
if(cellValue.trim().equals("")||cellValue.trim().length()<=0)
cellValue=" ";
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC: //数值类型
cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA: //公式
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC);
cellValue = String.valueOf(cell.getNumericCellValue());
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BLANK:
cellValue=" ";
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
break;
case HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_ERROR:
break;
default:
break;
}
return cellValue;
}
//设置单元格为STRING类型
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
6、设置列宽、行高
sheet.setColumnWidth((short)column,(short)width);
row.setHeight((short)height);
//调整单元格宽度
sheet.setAutobreaks(true);
sheet.setColumnWidth((short)i,colsWidth[i]); //设定单元格长度
sheet.autoSizeColumn((short) i);//自动根据长度调整单元格长度
7、添加区域，合并单元格
//合并从第rowFrom行columnFrom列
Region region = new Region((short)rowFrom,(short)columnFrom,(short)rowTo ,(short)columnTo);
sheet.addMergedRegion(region);// 到rowTo行columnTo的区域
// 获得一个 sheet 中合并单元格的数量
int sheetmergerCount = sheet.getNumMergedRegions();
8、常用单元格边框格式
HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setBorderBottom(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_DOTTED);//下边框
style.setBorderLeft(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_DOTTED);//左边框
style.setBorderRight(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//右边框
style.setBorderTop(HSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN);//上边框
9、设置字体和内容位置
HSSFFont font = wb.createFont();
font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 11); //字号
font.setBoldweight(HSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL);//加粗
font.setColor(HSSFColor.RED.index); //字体颜色
style.setFont(font);
style.setAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER);//左右居中
style.setVerticalAlignment(HSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);//上下居中
style.setRotation(short rotation);//单元格内容的旋转的角度
Style.setWrapText(true); //设置excel单元格中的内容换行
HSSFDataFormat df = wb.createDataFormat();
style1.setDataFormat(df.getFormat("0.00%"));//设置单元格数据格式
cell.setCellFormula(string);//给单元格设公式
10、在工作单中清空行数据，调整行位置
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("row sheet");
// Create various cells and rows for spreadsheet.
// Shift rows 6 - 11 on the spreadsheet to the top (rows 0 - 5)
sheet.shiftRows(5, 10, -5);
11、填充和颜色设置
HSSFCellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setFillBackgroundColor(HSSFColor.AQUA.index);
style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.BIG_SPOTS);
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell((short) 1);
cell.setCellValue("X");
style = wb.createCellStyle();
style.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.ORANGE.index);
style.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
cell.setCellStyle(style);
12、工作表的放大缩小
sheet.setZoom(1,2); // 50 percent magnification
sheet.setZoom(75); //75% scale
13. 使用公式
cell.setCellType(XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA);
cell.setCellFormula("SUM(C2:C3)" );
14. 设置超链接
cell.setCellFormula("hyperlink(\"http://www.yiibai.com/testng/\",\"testng\")");
15、插入图片
public static void test1(){
FileOutputStream fileOut = null;
BufferedImage bufferImg = null;
try {
ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
//先把读进来的图片放到一个ByteArrayOutputStream中，以便产生ByteArray
bufferImg = ImageIO.read(new File("E:/space/Demo_HttpAPI_autotest/44473.jpg"));
ImageIO.write(bufferImg, "jpg", byteArrayOut);
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
HSSFSheet sheet1 = wb.createSheet("sheet1");
HSSFPatriarch patriarch = sheet1.createDrawingPatriarch();
HSSFClientAnchor anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(0,0,1023,255,(short) 0,0,(short)10,10);
//插入图片 1
patriarch.createPicture(anchor, wb.addPicture(byteArrayOut.toByteArray(), HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG));
//图片2
anchor = new HSSFClientAnchor(200, 0, 0, 0,(short) 2, 9, (short) 5, 15);
patriarch.createPicture(anchor, wb.addPicture(byteArrayOut.toByteArray(), HSSFWorkbook.PICTURE_TYPE_JPEG));
fileOut = new FileOutputStream("e:/excel.xls");
// 输出文件
wb.write(fileOut);
System.out.println("test1");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
-------------------------------------------poi 方法总结-------------------------------------------------------------------
20、标注脚注
HSSFFooter footer = sheet.getFooter()
footer.setRight( "Page " + HSSFFooter.page() + " of " + HSSFFooter.numPages() );
21、头注和脚注
HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("new sheet");
HSSFHeader header = sheet.getHeader();
header.setCenter("Center Header");
header.setLeft("Left Header");
header.setRight(HSSFHeader.font("Stencil-Normal", "Italic") +
HSSFHeader.fontSize((short) 16) + "Right w/ Stencil-Normal Italic font and size 16");
22、强行刷新单元格公式
HSSFFormulaEvaluator eval=new HSSFFormulaEvaluator((HSSFWorkbook) wb);
private static void updateFormula(Workbook wb,Sheet s,int row){
Row r=s.getRow(row);
Cell c=null;
FormulaEcaluator eval=null;
if(wb instanceof HSSFWorkbook)
eval=new HSSFFormulaEvaluator((HSSFWorkbook) wb);
else if(wb instanceof XSSFWorkbook)
eval=new XSSFFormulaEvaluator((XSSFWorkbook) wb);
for(int i=r.getFirstCellNum();i
c=r.getCell(i);
if(c.getCellType()==Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA)
eval.evaluateFormulaCell(c);
}
}
说明：FormulaEvaluator提供了evaluateFormulaCell(Cell cell)方法，计算公式保存结果，但不改变公式。而evaluateInCell(Cell cell) 方法是计算公式，并将原公式替换为计算结果，也就是说该单元格的类型不在是Cell.CELL_TYPE_FORMULA而是Cell.CELL_TYPE_NUMBERIC。HSSFFormulaEvaluator提供了静态方法evaluateAllFormu
laCells(HSSFWorkbook wb) ，计算一个Excel文件的所有公式，用起来很方便。
23.设置打印
HSSFPrintSetup print = (HSSFPrintSetup) sheet.getPrintSetup();
print.setLandscape(true);//设置横向打印
print.setScale((short) 70);//设置打印缩放70%
print.setPaperSize(HSSFPrintSetup.A4_PAPERSIZE);//设置为A4纸张
print.setLeftToRight(true);//設置打印顺序先行后列,默认为先列行
print.setFitHeight((short) 10);设置缩放调整为10页高
print.setFitWidth((short) 10);设置缩放调整为宽高
sheet.setAutobreaks(false);
if (i != 0 && i % 30 == 0)
sheet.setRowBreak(i);//設置每30行分頁打印
24.反复的行和列（设置打印标题）
HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
wb.setRepeatingRowsAndColumns(0, 0, 12, 1, 6);//设置1到12列,行1到6每一页重复打印