1.Timeout设置超时
只能修改Socket设置全局Timeout
#! /usr/bin/env python3 import socket import urllib.request # timeout in seconds timeout = 2 socket.setdefaulttimeout(timeout) # this call to urllib.request.urlopen now uses the default timeout # we have set in the socket module req = urllib.request.Request(‘http://www.python.org/‘) a = urllib.request.urlopen(req).read() print(a)
2.获取HTTP响应码
#! /usr/bin/env python3 import urllib.request req = urllib.request.Request(‘http://python.org/‘) try: urllib.request.urlopen(req) except urllib.error.HTTPError as e: print(e.code) print(e.read().decode("utf8"))
3、异常处理1
1 #! /usr/bin/env python3 2 3 from urllib.request import Request, urlopen 4 5 from urllib.error import URLError, HTTPError 6 7 req = Request(‘http://www.python.org/‘) 8 9 try: 10 11 response = urlopen(req) 12 13 except HTTPError as e: 14 15 print(‘The (www.python.org)server couldn‘t fulfill the request.‘) 16 17 print(‘Error code: ‘, e.code) 18 19 except URLError as e: 20 21 print(‘We failed to reach a server.‘) 22 23 print(‘Reason: ‘, e.reason) 24 25 else: 26 27 print("good!") 28 29 print(response.read().decode("utf8"))
4、异常处理2
1 #! /usr/bin/env python3 2 3 from urllib.request import Request, urlopen 4 5 from urllib.error import URLError 6 7 req = Request("http://www.python.org/") 8 9 try: 10 11 response = urlopen(req) 12 13 except URLError as e: 14 15 if hasattr(e, ‘reason‘): 16 17 print(‘We failed to reach a server.‘) 18 19 print(‘Reason: ‘, e.reason) 20 21 elif hasattr(e, ‘code‘): 22 23 print(‘The server couldn‘t fulfill the request.‘) 24 25 print(‘Error code: ‘, e.code) 26 27 else: print("good!") 28 29 print(response.read().decode("utf8"))
5.重定向
import urllib.request
import socket
url = ‘https://www.baidu.com‘
response =urllib.request.urlopen(url)
isRediercted = response.geturl() == "https://www.baidu.com"
6.代理设置
import urllib.request
proxy_support = urllib.request.ProxyHandler({‘sock5‘: ‘localhost:1080‘})
opener = urllib.request.build_opener(proxy_support)
urllib.request.install_opener(opener)
a = urllib.request.urlopen("http://www.python.org/").read().decode("utf8")
print(a)