Form验证随笔 | Django

Posted 2020-10-15

from django.shortcuts import render
from app01.dadforms import DetailForm, VerifyForm


def index(request):
    # 创建表单对象
    detail_form = DetailForm(request.POST)
    # 验证输入表单数据
    detail_form.is_valid()
    # 打印输入的正确数据
    print(detail_form.clean())
    return render(request, ‘index.html‘, locals())


def field_verified(request):
    if request.method == ‘GET‘:
        # 创建表单对象
        verify_form = VerifyForm()
        return render(request, ‘verify.html‘, locals())
    elif request.method == ‘POST‘:
        print(‘我是post方法‘)
        # 创建表单对象
        verify_form = VerifyForm(request.POST, request.FILES)
        # 验证字段
        verify_form.is_valid()
        # 打印正确字段
        print(verify_form.clean())
        print(verify_form.errors.as_json())
    # errors = verify_form.errors
    return render(request, ‘verify.html‘, locals())

from django import forms
from django.forms import fields
# 导入插件模块,以自定义input标签
from django.forms import widgets


class DetailForm(forms.Form):
    """1.forms中的__init__方法引入了fields等模块的内容,
    所以,可以这么写:forms.CharField()"""
    # 用户名验证
    user = fields.CharField(
        # widget=widgets.PasswordInput
        widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={
            ‘class‘:‘c1‘,
            ‘id‘:‘p‘,
            # 默认显示值
            ‘placeholder‘:‘用户名‘
        })
        # 2.TextInput()文本输入框有一个attr方法,可以给input框添加属性;
    )
    # 3.选项框
    # sex = fields.ChoiceField(
    #     choices=[
    #         (1, ‘男‘),
    #         (2, ‘女‘)
    #     ]
    # )
    # 4.通过CharField()重现选项框,通过字段指定插件
    sex = fields.CharField(
        widget = widgets.Select(
            choices=[
                (1, ‘男‘),
                (2, ‘女‘)
            ]
        )
    )
    # 表单的作用:1.验证;2.生成html标签;3.数据转换;
    # 内部会对字符串做一个类型转换,转换成数字;
    score = fields.IntegerField()
    addr = fields.CharField(
        widget = widgets.Radioselect(
            choices=[
                (1, ‘上海‘),
                (2, ‘温州‘)
            ]
        )
    )


# ---------------------------- 字段验证
from django.core.validators import RegexValidator


class VerifyForm(forms.Form):
    """
        required=True, widget=None, label=None, initial=None,
        help_text=‘‘, error_messages=None, show_hidden_initial=False,
        validators=[], localize=False, label_suffix=None(label后缀符)
    """
    # CharField()中__init__下有长度,以及是否取出空白的参数;(strip=True)
    # 而且继承Field()中的所有初始字段;
    user_name = fields.CharField(
        max_length=6,
        min_length=6,
        # 1.默认必填,False表示可以为空;
        required=True,
        # 2.设置默认值
        initial=‘大山的姑娘‘,
        # 3.自定义验证规则
        validators=[RegexValidator(r‘159[0-9]+$‘, ‘aaaaaaa‘, code=‘d1‘), RegexValidator(r‘^[0-9]+$‘, ‘bbbbbbb‘, code=‘d2‘)],
        # 4.错误信息,error_messages优先级比自定义规则的验证错误信息要高,会覆盖上面的;
        #   如果自定义验证有多个规则,可以通过RegexValidator里的第3个参数code指定显示验证信息;
        #   错误信息里,默认两个参数required和invalid(必须,格式);
        #   还有max_length等,前面加什么参数,code就是什么;
        error_messages={‘required‘: ‘不能为空‘, ‘d1‘: ‘1111111‘, ‘d2‘:‘22222222‘, ‘max_length‘: ‘too long‘},

        # label,HTML中需要添加{{表单对象.label}}
        label=‘名字‘,
        label_suffix=‘::::‘,
        widget=widgets.TextInput(attrs={
            ‘class‘: ‘a1‘,
            ‘placeholder‘: ‘山炮‘
        }),
        # 是否可以编辑
        disabled=True
    )
    # 5.数字,有数值的限制;
    user_score = fields.IntegerField(
        max_value=20,
        required=True,
        initial=1,
        error_messages={‘required‘: ‘not blank‘, ‘max_value‘: ‘num too big‘}

    )
    # 6.DecimalField继承IntegerField
    user_tax = fields.DecimalField(
        max_digits=4,  # 总长度
        decimal_places=2,  # 小数位长度
        # error_messages={‘invalid‘: ‘geshicuowu‘}
    )
    # 7.正则表达式input框
    user_tel = fields.RegexField(
        max_length=6,
        regex=(r‘159[0-9]+$‘),
        error_messages={‘invalid‘: ‘not true‘, ‘max_length‘:‘tooLong‘},
        # [{"message": "not true", "code": "invalid"}] code表示错误类型
        ),
    # 8.文件上传
    # 注意两点:
    #   1.form表单中加入enctype="multipart/form-data"
    #   2.视图函数中创建表单对象时,obj = Myform(request.POST, request.FILES)
    user_file = fields.FileField(
        allow_empty_file=False,
    ),
    # 图片上传,ImageField继承FileField
    user_pic = fields.ImageField(
        allow_empty_file=False,
    )
    # 9.ChoiceField选择框,默认是Select框;
    #   TypedChoiceField()
    user_course = fields.TypedChoiceField(
        # 类型转化的匿名函数
        coerce = lambda x: int(x),
        choices=[
            (1, ‘语文‘),
            (2, ‘数学‘),
            (3, ‘未填写‘)
        ],
        initial=3,
    )
    # 10.多选框MultipleChoiceField()
    user_class = fields.MultipleChoiceField(
        choices=[
            (1, ‘09-03‘),
            (2, ‘09-02‘),
            (3, ‘09-01‘)
        ],
        initial=[2, 3],
    )
    # 11.组合的字段验证
    user_join = fields.ComboField(
        fields=[
            fields.CharField(max_length=6),
            fields.EmailField(),
        ]
    )
    # 12.多个框组合,0577-66666
    user_local_phone = fields.SplitDateTimeField()

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form action="verify.html" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
        {% csrf_token %}
        {{ verify_form.user_name }}<br>
        {{ verify_form.user_score }}<br>
        {{ verify_form.user_tax }}<br>
        {{ verify_form.user_tel }}<br>
        {{ verify_form.user_file }}<br>
        {{ verify_form.user_pic }}<br>
        {{ verify_form.user_course }}<br>
        {{ verify_form.user_class }}<br>
        {{ verify_form.user_join }}<br>
        {{ verify_form.user_local_phone }}<br>

        <input type="submit", value="提交">
    </form>
</body>
</html>