写在前面
我们知道,shiro框架在Java Web应用中使用时,本质上是通过filter方式集成的。
也就是说,它是遵循过滤器链规则的:filter的执行顺序与在web.xml中定义的顺序一致,如下所示:
<filter>
<filter-name>securityFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.lenovo.iot.devicemanager.filter.SecurityFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>securityFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- The filter-name matches name of a \'shiroFilter\' bean inside applicationContext.xml -->
<filter>
<filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>targetFilterLifecycle</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<!-- Make sure any request you want accessible to Shiro is filtered. /* catches all -->
<!-- requests. Usually this filter mapping is defined first (before all others) to -->
<!-- ensure that Shiro works in subsequent filters in the filter chain: -->
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
显然,securityFilter定义在shiroFilter之前,那么securityFilter也是在shiroFilter之前被访问到。
根据这个原理,我们可以根据实际情况对shiro的filter进行扩展。
举个例子,shiro默认的org.apache.shiro.web.filter.authc.UserFilter会对请求进行过滤,在未登录时请求会被重定向到登录页面。
但是在API项目中,响应都是json格式,并不存在登录页面,此时就会返回404错误。
项目实践
在最新的项目中,前后端完全分离,通过API方式进行数据交换,并且在服务端集成了shiro进行权限控制,后端项目架构为:SpringMVC + Shiro。
为了在拦截那些未执行登录的请求时返回json格式的响应,对org.apache.shiro.web.filter.authc.UserFilter进行了扩展。
具体来说需要做2件事情:
1.扩展org.apache.shiro.web.filter.authc.UserFilter实现
public class ShiroUserFilter extends UserFilter {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ShiroUserFilter.class);
@Override
protected boolean onAccessDenied(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) throws Exception {
if(logger.isErrorEnabled()) {
logger.error("account need login for: {}", ((HttpServletRequest)request).getServletPath());
}
// 请求被拦截后直接返回json格式的响应数据
response.getWriter().write(JsonResp.getJsonRespError(JsonResp.SC_NOT_LOGINED, "account not logined").toString());
response.getWriter().flush();
response.getWriter().close();
return false;
}
}
2.在spring中定义并使用自定义扩展的filter
<bean id="shiroFilter" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean">
<property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager"/>
<property name="filters">
<util:map>
<entry key="shiroUserFilter" value-ref="shiroUserFilter" />
</util:map>
</property>
<property name="filterChainDefinitions">
<value>
# some example chain definitions:
# /admin/** = authc, roles[admin]
# /docs/** = authc, perms[document:read]
/**/login.do = anon
/** = shiroUserFilter
# more URL-to-FilterChain definitions here
</value>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 定义扩展的filter实例 -->
<bean id="shiroUserFilter" class="com.lenovo.iot.devicemanager.filter.ShiroUserFilter" />
【参考】
https://shiro.apache.org/web.html#Web-FilterChainDefinitions