Akka框架使用注意点

Posted 2020-07-03 明也无涯

1.mailbox

Akka的每个actor默认有一个mailbox，按照FIFO顺序单线程处理。在抛出异常导致父actor根据设置的监管策略执行重启或恢复操作时，会从触发异常的消息的后续消息开始处理，邮箱并不会被清空。如果你想重新处理那个触发异常的消息，可以通过重写preRestart方法来访问该消息，java 中的preRestart参数为（Throwable reason, Option<Object> message），message.get()可以获得该消息（因为是从Option对象中get，所以可能为空），可以将该消息再次发给自己或做其它处理。

默认邮箱的大小没有限制，也就是内存的上限。可以设置bounded邮箱来限定大小，还可以设置邮箱以文件形式持久存储。

2.监管策略设置

　　1）在actor类中重写supervisorStrategy()

　　2）创建父actor时在Props参数中使用FromConfig.getInstance().withSupervisorStrategy(strategy).props(XXX）

可以使用下面的类来方便设置：

 

import akka.actor.AllForOneStrategy;
import akka.actor.OneForOneStrategy;
import akka.actor.SupervisorStrategy;
import akka.japi.Function;
import scala.concurrent.duration.Duration;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import static akka.actor.SupervisorStrategy.escalate;

/**
 * Created by fyk on 16-4-2.
 */
public class StrategySetter {
    private Map<Class<? extends Throwable>, SupervisorStrategy.Directive> map;
    private boolean oneForOne;
    private int maxNrOfRetries=5;
    private Duration withinTimeRange=Duration.create(1, TimeUnit.MINUTES);//Duration.create("1 minute")
    public StrategySetter(boolean oneForOne) {
        this.oneForOne=oneForOne;
        map=new HashMap<Class<? extends Throwable>, SupervisorStrategy.Directive>();
    }
    public void setOptParam(int maxNrOfRetries,Duration withinTimeRange){
        this.maxNrOfRetries=maxNrOfRetries;
        this.withinTimeRange=withinTimeRange;
    }
    public void put(Class<? extends Throwable> t, SupervisorStrategy.Directive action){
        map.put(t,action);
    }
    /**
     * 设定监管策略并返回
     * cls.isInstance(yourObject)
     * instead of using the instanceof operator, which can only be used if you know the class at compile time.
     */
    public SupervisorStrategy getSupervisorStrategy(){
        SupervisorStrategy strategy=null;
        if(oneForOne){
            strategy=new OneForOneStrategy(maxNrOfRetries, withinTimeRange,
                    new Function<Throwable, SupervisorStrategy.Directive>() {
                        @Override
                        public SupervisorStrategy.Directive apply(Throwable t) {
                            for(Class c:map.keySet()){
                                if(c.isInstance(t)) return map.get(c);
                            }
                            return escalate();//提交给上一级监管
                        }
                    });
        }else{
            strategy=new AllForOneStrategy(maxNrOfRetries, withinTimeRange,
                    new Function<Throwable, SupervisorStrategy.Directive>() {
                        @Override
                        public SupervisorStrategy.Directive apply(Throwable t) {
                            for(Class c:map.keySet()){
                                if(c.isInstance(t)) return map.get(c);
                            }
                            return escalate();//提交给上一级监管
                        }
                    });
        }

        return strategy;
    }
}

View Code

 

3.continue...