Unity学习-相机的拉伸跟随旋转

Posted 2020-10-13

原创，转载请注明出处@JeroChan

学习了siki的黑暗之光，在学习老师的实现代码之余自己网上还查找了其他的实现方法，为了以后项目方便自己独立封装了旋转、拉伸的方法，使耦合度尽量降低。

定义

private GameObject playerObject;
private Camera cameraObject;
private Vector3 offSetPos; //偏移（相机与目标的差）
public float fieldViewMax = 90f; //拉伸距离最远距离
public float fieldViewMin = 10f; //拉伸距离最近距离
public float scrollSpeed = 40f; //拉伸速度
public float rotateSpeed = 10f; //旋转速度
private bool isRotate = false; //旋转状态标识符

跟随及主代码

使用LateUpdate控制相机，在Update处理完角色逻辑后LateUpdate处理相机逻辑，防止相机跟丢角色。

    void Start () {

        cameraObject = this.GetComponent<Camera>();
        playerObject = GameObject.FindGameObjectWithTag("Player");
        offSetPos = this.transform.position - playerObject.transform.position;
        transform.LookAt(playerObject.transform);
    }
    void LateUpdate ()
    {
        //相机跟随(使用固定偏移方法)
        this.transform.position = offSetPos + playerObject.transform.position;
        //视野拉伸(使用Camera.fieldOfView方法)
        ScrollOfView(cameraObject,fieldViewMin, fieldViewMax, scrollSpeed);
        //视野旋转(使用Transform.RotateAround方法)
        RotateOfView(cameraObject.transform, playerObject.transform,ref offSetPos,ref isRotate,rotateSpeed);
    }

相机视野拉伸代码

滚轮控制相机视野拉伸(挂载相机上)
_camera 　　　　---->相机
_fieldViewMin  ---->最近视野
_fieldViewMax  ---->最大视野
_scrollSpeed   ---->拉伸速度（默认40）

    void ScrollOfView(Camera _camera, float _fieldViewMin, float _fieldViewMax,float _scrollSpeed=40)
    {
        _camera.fieldOfView -= Input.GetAxis("Mouse ScrollWheel") * _scrollSpeed;
        _camera.fieldOfView = Mathf.Clamp(_camera.fieldOfView, _fieldViewMin, _fieldViewMax);
    }

相机视野旋转代码

右键拖动旋转视野(挂载相机上)
_cameraTransform ---->相机的transform
_targetTransform ---->目标的transform
_offSetPos　　　　---->相机与目标的偏移位置(可传递)
_isRotate　　　 　---->旋转状态标识符(可专递)
_rotateSpeed　　 ---->旋转速度(默认为10)

    void RotateOfView(Transform _cameraTransform, Transform _targetTransform,ref Vector3 _offSetPos,ref bool _isRotate,float _rotateSpeed=10)
    {
        //当鼠标右键按下切换旋转状态，抬起表示结束旋转状态
        if (Input.GetMouseButtonDown(1))
            _isRotate = true;
        if (Input.GetMouseButtonUp(1))
            _isRotate = false;
        //旋转状态
        if (_isRotate)
        {
            Vector3 originalPosition = _cameraTransform.position;
            Quaternion originalRotation = _cameraTransform.rotation;
            _cameraTransform.RotateAround(_targetTransform.position, _targetTransform.up, _rotateSpeed * Input.GetAxis("Mouse X"));
            _cameraTransform.RotateAround(_targetTransform.position, _cameraTransform.right, -_rotateSpeed * Input.GetAxis("Mouse Y"));
            //限制上下旋转角度
            if (_cameraTransform.eulerAngles.x > 80 || _cameraTransform.eulerAngles.x < 10)
            {
                _cameraTransform.position = originalPosition;
                _cameraTransform.rotation = originalRotation;
            }
            //更新偏移
            _offSetPos = _cameraTransform.position - _targetTransform.position;
        }
    }

 

函数写的相对直观，就不多做笔记表明了，欢迎大神有更好的方法请指教。

最后附上PlayerFollow.cs源码

 1 using System.Collections;
 2 using System.Collections.Generic;
 3 using UnityEngine;
 4 
 5 public class FollowPlayer : MonoBehaviour {
 6 
 7     
 8     private GameObject playerObject;
 9     private Camera cameraObject;
10     private Vector3 offSetPos;          //偏移（相机与目标的差）
11     public float fieldViewMax = 90f;    //拉伸距离最远距离
12     public float fieldViewMin = 10f;    //拉伸距离最近距离
13     public float scrollSpeed = 40f;     //拉伸速度
14     public float rotateSpeed = 10f;     //旋转速度
15     private bool isRotate = false;      //旋转状态标识符
16 
17 
18     void Start () {
19 
20         cameraObject = this.GetComponent<Camera>();
21         playerObject = GameObject.FindGameObjectWithTag("Player");
22         offSetPos = this.transform.position - playerObject.transform.position;
23         transform.LookAt(playerObject.transform);
24     }
25     
26 
27     void LateUpdate ()
28     {
29         //相机跟随(使用固定偏移方法)
30         this.transform.position = offSetPos + playerObject.transform.position;
31         //视野拉伸(使用Camera.fieldOfView方法)
32         ScrollOfView(cameraObject,fieldViewMin, fieldViewMax, scrollSpeed);
33         //视野旋转(使用Transform.RotateAround方法)
34         RotateOfView(cameraObject.transform, playerObject.transform,ref offSetPos,ref isRotate,rotateSpeed);
35     }
36 
37 
38 
39 
40 
41     /// <summary>
42     /// 滚轮控制相机视野拉伸(挂载相机上)
43     /// </summary>
44     /// <param name="_camera">相机</param>
45     /// <param name="_fieldViewMin">最近视野</param>
46     /// <param name="_fieldViewMax">最大视野</param>
47     /// <param name="_scrollSpeed">拉伸速度（默认40）</param>
48     void ScrollOfView(Camera _camera, float _fieldViewMin, float _fieldViewMax,float _scrollSpeed=40)
49     {
50         _camera.fieldOfView -= Input.GetAxis("Mouse ScrollWheel") * _scrollSpeed;
51         _camera.fieldOfView = Mathf.Clamp(_camera.fieldOfView, _fieldViewMin, _fieldViewMax);
52     }
53 
54 
55 
56 
57     /// <summary>
58     /// 右键拖动旋转视野(挂载相机上)
59     /// </summary>
60     /// <param name="_cameraTransform">相机的transform</param>
61     /// <param name="_targetTransform">目标的transform</param>
62     /// <param name="_offSetPos">相机与目标的偏移位置(可传递)</param>
63     /// <param name="_isRotate">旋转状态标识符(可专递)</param>
64     /// <param name="_rotateSpeed">旋转速度(默认为10)</param>
65     void RotateOfView(Transform _cameraTransform, Transform _targetTransform,ref Vector3 _offSetPos,ref bool _isRotate,float _rotateSpeed=10)
66     {
67         //当鼠标右键按下切换旋转状态，抬起表示结束旋转状态
68         if (Input.GetMouseButtonDown(1))
69             _isRotate = true;
70         if (Input.GetMouseButtonUp(1))
71             _isRotate = false;
72         //旋转状态
73         if (_isRotate)
74         {
75             Vector3 originalPosition = _cameraTransform.position;
76             Quaternion originalRotation = _cameraTransform.rotation;
77             _cameraTransform.RotateAround(_targetTransform.position, _targetTransform.up, _rotateSpeed * Input.GetAxis("Mouse X"));
78             _cameraTransform.RotateAround(_targetTransform.position, _cameraTransform.right, -_rotateSpeed * Input.GetAxis("Mouse Y"));
79             //限制上下旋转角度
80             if (_cameraTransform.eulerAngles.x > 80 || _cameraTransform.eulerAngles.x < 10)
81             {
82                 _cameraTransform.position = originalPosition;
83                 _cameraTransform.rotation = originalRotation;
84             }
85             //更新偏移
86             _offSetPos = _cameraTransform.position - _targetTransform.position;
87         }
88     }
89 
90 }

PlayerFollow.cs