django之form表单与ModelForm表单

Posted 2020-10-12

 1 """
 2 form表单常用属性及钩子函数示例
 3 """
 4 from django import forms
 5 from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError
 6 
 7 
 8 class RegForm(forms.Form):
 9     """
10     注册表单
11     """
12     username=forms.CharField(min_length=5,
13                              max_length=12,
14                              widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={"class":"form-control","placeholder":"username"}),
15                              error_messages={"required": "请输入用户名！"})
16 
17     password=forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput(attrs={"class":"form-control","placeholder":"password"}),
18                              error_messages={"required": "密码不能为空！"})
19 
20     repeat_password=forms.CharField(widget=forms.PasswordInput(attrs={"class":"form-control","placeholder":"repeat_password"}),
21                                     error_messages={"required": "请重复一遍密码！"})
22 
23     email=forms.EmailField(widget=forms.EmailInput(attrs={"class":"form-control","placeholder":"email"}),
24                            error_messages={"required": "请输入邮箱，用于找回密码！","invalid":"邮箱格式不合法！"})
25 
26     # 验证码
27     valid_code=forms.CharField(widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={"class":"form-control","placeholder":"valid_code"}),
28                                error_messages={"required":"请输入验证码！"})
29 
30     def __init__(self,request,*args):
31         self.request=request
32         forms.Form.__init__(self,*args)
33 
34     def clean_username(self):
35         if self.cleaned_data["username"].isdigit() or self.cleaned_data["username"].isalpha():
36             raise ValidationError("用户名必须包含数字与字母！")
37         else:
38             return self.cleaned_data["username"]
39 
40     def clean_password(self):  # 关于密码字段的钩子
41         if len(self.cleaned_data["password"])>=8:
42             return self.cleaned_data["password"]
43         else:
44             raise ValidationError("密码小于8位！")
45 
46     def clean(self):
47         # print(self.cleaned_data)
48         if self.cleaned_data.get("password"): # 注意clean发生在所有验证之后
49             if self.cleaned_data["password"]==self.cleaned_data["repeat_password"]:
50                 return self.cleaned_data
51             else:
52                 raise ValidationError("密码不一致")
53 
54     def clean_valid_code(self):
55         if self.cleaned_data["valid_code"].upper()==self.request.session.get("valid_code").upper():
56             return self.cleaned_data["valid_code"]
57         else:
58             raise ValidationError("验证码错误！")
59 
60 
61 """
62 在html页面中用{{ form_obj.as_p }}进行加载
63 """

 1 """
 2 当表单项为选框时，由于form表单是取静态字段进行渲染，因此无法与数据库同步，此时在__init__方法中重写字段即可
 3 """
 4 from django.forms import fields
 5 
 6 
 7 class UserInfoForm(forms.Form):
 8 
 9     name = fields.CharField(required=True,error_messages={‘required‘:‘用户名不能为空‘})
10 
11     # 此种写法不用在__init__方法中重新定义字段，但是生成的option标签value为pk，text为obj.__str__()
12     # user_type = ModelChoiceField(queryset=models.Department.objects.all())
13 
14     def __init__(self,*args,**kwargs):
15         super(UserInfoForm,self).__init__(*args,**kwargs)
16 
17         self.fields[‘user_type‘].choices = models.Department.objects.values_list(‘id‘,‘title‘)

 1 """
 2 ModelForm示例
 3 """
 4 from django.forms import ModelForm
 5 from django.forms import widgets as wid
 6 from django.forms import fields as fld
 7 
 8 
 9 class UserModelForm(ModelForm):
10 
11     # 自定制字段
12     # user = fld.CharField()
13 
14     class Meta:
15         model = models.UserInfo
16         #fields = "__all__"
17         fields = [‘username‘,‘nickname‘,]
18         exclude = [‘username‘,] # 排除字段
19         error_messages = {
20             "username": {‘required‘:‘用户名不能为空‘}
21         }
22         widgets = {
23             "username":wid.Textarea(attrs={‘class‘:‘c1‘})
24         }
25         labels = {
26             ‘username‘:‘用户名‘
27         }
28         help_texts = {
29             ‘username‘: ‘别瞎写，瞎写打你哦‘
30         }
31         field_classes = {
32             ‘username‘: fld.EmailField
33         }

1 """
2 保存
3 """
4 obj=UserModelForm(data=request.POST)
5 if obj.is_valid():
6     obj.save()

 附：Django forms 关于select和checkbox设置初始选中值及让前端选中指定值

  Django之ModelForm组件