每天进步一点----- 内容提供者ContentProvider

Posted 2020-07-02

tags:

篇首语：本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理，主要介绍了每天进步一点----- 内容提供者ContentProvider相关的知识，希望对你有一定的参考价值。

一个简单的读取系统联系人

package com.example.contactstest;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.provider.ContactsContract;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.database.Cursor;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    ListView contactsView;

    ArrayAdapter<String> adapter;

    List<String> contactsList = new ArrayList<String>();

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        contactsView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.contacts_view);
        adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, contactsList);
        contactsView.setAdapter(adapter);
        readContacts();
    }

    private void readContacts() {
        Cursor cursor = null;
        try {
            cursor = getContentResolver().query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI,
                    null, null, null, null);
            while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
                String displayName = cursor.getString(cursor
                        .getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.DISPLAY_NAME));
                String number = cursor.getString(cursor
                        .getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER));
                contactsList.add(displayName + "\n" + number);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (cursor != null) {
                cursor.close();
            }
        }
    }

}

创建自己的内容提供器

在这六个方法中，相信大多数你都已经非常熟悉了，我再来简单介绍一下吧。

1. onCreate() 初始化内容提供器的时候调用。通常会在这里完成对数据库的创建和升级等操作，返回 true 表示内容提供器初始化成功，返回 false 则表示失败。注意，只有当存在 ContentResolver尝试访问我们程序中的数据时，内容提供器才会被初始化。

2. query() 从内容提供器中查询数据。使用 uri参数来确定查询哪张表，projection参数用于确定查询哪些列，selection和 selectionArgs参数用于约束查询哪些行，sortOrder参数用于对结果进行排序，查询的结果存放在 Cursor对象中返回。

3. insert() 向内容提供器中添加一条数据。使用 uri参数来确定要添加到的表，待添加的数据保存在 values参数中。添加完成后，返回一个用于表示这条新记录的 URI。

4. update() 更新内容提供器中已有的数据。使用 uri参数来确定更新哪一张表中的数据，新数据保存在 values参数中，selection和 selectionArgs参数用于约束更新哪些行，受影响的行数将作为返回值返回。

5. delete() 从内容提供器中删除数据。使用 uri参数来确定删除哪一张表中的数据，selection 和 selectionArgs参数用于约束删除哪些行，被删除的行数将作为返回值返回。

6. getType() 根据传入的内容 URI来返回相应的 MIME类型。可以看到，几乎每一个方法都会带有Uri这个参数，这个参数也正是调用ContentResolver 的增删改查方法时传递过来的。而现在，我们需要对传入的 Uri参数进行解析，从中分析出调用方期望访问的表和数据

package com.example.databasetest;

import android.content.ContentProvider;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.UriMatcher;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.net.Uri;

public class DatabaseProvider extends ContentProvider {

    public static final int BOOK_DIR = 0;

    public static final int BOOK_ITEM = 1;

    public static final int CATEGORY_DIR = 2;

    public static final int CATEGORY_ITEM = 3;

    public static final String AUTHORITY = "com.example.databasetest.provider";

    private static UriMatcher uriMatcher;

    private MyDatabaseHelper dbHelper;

    static {
        uriMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "book", BOOK_DIR);
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "book/#", BOOK_ITEM);
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "category", CATEGORY_DIR);
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "category/#", CATEGORY_ITEM);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreate() {
        dbHelper = new MyDatabaseHelper(getContext(), "BookStore.db", null, 2);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, String[] selectionArgs,
            String sortOrder) {
        SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
        Cursor cursor = null;
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
        case BOOK_DIR:
            cursor = db.query("Book", projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder);
            break;
        case BOOK_ITEM:
            String bookId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
            cursor = db.query("Book", projection, "id = ?", new String[] { bookId }, null, null,
                    sortOrder);
            break;
        case CATEGORY_DIR:
            cursor = db.query("Category", projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null,
                    sortOrder);
            break;
        case CATEGORY_ITEM:
            String categoryId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
            cursor = db.query("Category", projection, "id = ?", new String[] { categoryId }, null,
                    null, sortOrder);
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
        return cursor;
    }

    @Override
    public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {
        SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        Uri uriReturn = null;
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
        case BOOK_DIR:
        case BOOK_ITEM:
            long newBookId = db.insert("Book", null, values);
            uriReturn = Uri.parse("content://" + AUTHORITY + "/book/" + newBookId);
            break;
        case CATEGORY_DIR:
        case CATEGORY_ITEM:
            long newCategoryId = db.insert("Category", null, values);
            uriReturn = Uri.parse("content://" + AUTHORITY + "/category/" + newCategoryId);
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
        return uriReturn;
    }

    @Override
    public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
        SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        int updatedRows = 0;
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
        case BOOK_DIR:
            updatedRows = db.update("Book", values, selection, selectionArgs);
            break;
        case BOOK_ITEM:
            String bookId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
            updatedRows = db.update("Book", values, "id = ?", new String[] { bookId });
            break;
        case CATEGORY_DIR:
            updatedRows = db.update("Category", values, selection, selectionArgs);
            break;
        case CATEGORY_ITEM:
            String categoryId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
            updatedRows = db.update("Category", values, "id = ?", new String[] { categoryId });
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
        return updatedRows;
    }

    @Override
    public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
        SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        int deletedRows = 0;
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
        case BOOK_DIR:
            deletedRows = db.delete("Book", selection, selectionArgs);
            break;
        case BOOK_ITEM:
            String bookId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
            deletedRows = db.delete("Book", "id = ?", new String[] { bookId });
            break;
        case CATEGORY_DIR:
            deletedRows = db.delete("Category", selection, selectionArgs);
            break;
        case CATEGORY_ITEM:
            String categoryId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
            deletedRows = db.delete("Category", "id = ?", new String[] { categoryId });
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
        return deletedRows;
    }

    @Override
    public String getType(Uri uri) {
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
        case BOOK_DIR:
            return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.com.example.databasetest.provider.book";
        case BOOK_ITEM:
            return "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.com.example.databasetest.provider.book";
        case CATEGORY_DIR:
            return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.com.example.databasetest.provider.category";
        case CATEGORY_ITEM:
            return "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.com.example.databasetest.provider.category";
        }
        return null;
    }

}

package com.example.databasetest;

import android.content.Context;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase.CursorFactory;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;

public class MyDatabaseHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {

    public static final String CREATE_BOOK = "create table Book ("
            + "id integer primary key autoincrement, " 
            + "author text, "
            + "price real, " 
            + "pages integer, " 
            + "name text)";
    
    public static final String CREATE_CATEGORY = "create table Category ("
            + "id integer primary key autoincrement, "
            + "category_name text, "
            + "category_code integer)";

    public MyDatabaseHelper(Context context, String name,
            CursorFactory factory, int version) {
        super(context, name, factory, version);
    }

    @Override
    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
        db.execSQL(CREATE_BOOK);
        db.execSQL(CREATE_CATEGORY);
    }

    @Override
    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
        db.execSQL("drop table if exists Book");
        db.execSQL("drop table if exists Category");
        onCreate(db);
    }

}

package com.example.databasetest;

import android.content.ContentProvider;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.content.UriMatcher;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;
import android.net.Uri;

public class DatabaseProvider extends ContentProvider {

    public static final int BOOK_DIR = 0;

    public static final int BOOK_ITEM = 1;

    public static final int CATEGORY_DIR = 2;

    public static final int CATEGORY_ITEM = 3;

    public static final String AUTHORITY = "com.example.databasetest.provider";

    private static UriMatcher uriMatcher;

    private MyDatabaseHelper dbHelper;

    static {
        uriMatcher = new UriMatcher(UriMatcher.NO_MATCH);
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "book", BOOK_DIR);
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "book/#", BOOK_ITEM);
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "category", CATEGORY_DIR);
        uriMatcher.addURI(AUTHORITY, "category/#", CATEGORY_ITEM);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean onCreate() {
        dbHelper = new MyDatabaseHelper(getContext(), "BookStore.db", null, 2);
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection, String[] selectionArgs,
            String sortOrder) {
        SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();
        Cursor cursor = null;
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
        case BOOK_DIR:
            cursor = db.query("Book", projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null, sortOrder);
            break;
        case BOOK_ITEM:
            String bookId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
            cursor = db.query("Book", projection, "id = ?", new String[] { bookId }, null, null,
                    sortOrder);
            break;
        case CATEGORY_DIR:
            cursor = db.query("Category", projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null,
                    sortOrder);
            break;
        case CATEGORY_ITEM:
            String categoryId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
            cursor = db.query("Category", projection, "id = ?", new String[] { categoryId }, null,
                    null, sortOrder);
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
        return cursor;
    }

    @Override
    public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {
        SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        Uri uriReturn = null;
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
        case BOOK_DIR:
        case BOOK_ITEM:
            long newBookId = db.insert("Book", null, values);
            uriReturn = Uri.parse("content://" + AUTHORITY + "/book/" + newBookId);
            break;
        case CATEGORY_DIR:
        case CATEGORY_ITEM:
            long newCategoryId = db.insert("Category", null, values);
            uriReturn = Uri.parse("content://" + AUTHORITY + "/category/" + newCategoryId);
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
        return uriReturn;
    }

    @Override
    public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
        SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        int updatedRows = 0;
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
        case BOOK_DIR:
            updatedRows = db.update("Book", values, selection, selectionArgs);
            break;
        case BOOK_ITEM:
            String bookId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
            updatedRows = db.update("Book", values, "id = ?", new String[] { bookId });
            break;
        case CATEGORY_DIR:
            updatedRows = db.update("Category", values, selection, selectionArgs);
            break;
        case CATEGORY_ITEM:
            String categoryId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
            updatedRows = db.update("Category", values, "id = ?", new String[] { categoryId });
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
        return updatedRows;
    }

    @Override
    public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {
        SQLiteDatabase db = dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();
        int deletedRows = 0;
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
        case BOOK_DIR:
            deletedRows = db.delete("Book", selection, selectionArgs);
            break;
        case BOOK_ITEM:
            String bookId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
            deletedRows = db.delete("Book", "id = ?", new String[] { bookId });
            break;
        case CATEGORY_DIR:
            deletedRows = db.delete("Category", selection, selectionArgs);
            break;
        case CATEGORY_ITEM:
            String categoryId = uri.getPathSegments().get(1);
            deletedRows = db.delete("Category", "id = ?", new String[] { categoryId });
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
        return deletedRows;
    }

    @Override
    public String getType(Uri uri) {
        switch (uriMatcher.match(uri)) {
        case BOOK_DIR:
            return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.com.example.databasetest.provider.book";
        case BOOK_ITEM:
            return "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.com.example.databasetest.provider.book";
        case CATEGORY_DIR:
            return "vnd.android.cursor.dir/vnd.com.example.databasetest.provider.category";
        case CATEGORY_ITEM:
            return "vnd.android.cursor.item/vnd.com.example.databasetest.provider.category";
        }
        return null;
    }

}

读取第三方的内容

package com.example.providertest;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    
    private String newId;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Button addData = (Button) findViewById(R.id.add_data);
        addData.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Uri uri = Uri
                        .parse("content://com.example.databasetest.provider/book");
                ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
                values.put("name", "A Clash of Kings");
                values.put("author", "George Martin");
                values.put("pages", 1040);
                values.put("price", 55.55);
                Uri newUri = getContentResolver().insert(uri, values);
                newId = newUri.getPathSegments().get(1);
            }
        });
        Button queryData = (Button) findViewById(R.id.query_data);
        queryData.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Uri uri = Uri
                        .parse("content://com.example.databasetest.provider/book");
                Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(uri, null, null,
                        null, null);
                if (cursor != null) {
                    while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
                        String name = cursor.getString(cursor
                                .getColumnIndex("name"));
                        String author = cursor.getString(cursor
                                .getColumnIndex("author"));
                        int pages = cursor.getInt(cursor
                                .getColumnIndex("pages"));
                        double price = cursor.getDouble(cursor
                                .getColumnIndex("price"));
                        Log.d("MainActivity", "book name is " + name);
                        Log.d("MainActivity", "book author is " + author);
                        Log.d("MainActivity", "book pages is " + pages);
                        Log.d("MainActivity", "book price is " + price);
                    }
                    cursor.close();
                }
            }
        });
        Button updateData = (Button) findViewById(R.id.update_data);
        updateData.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Uri uri = Uri
                        .parse("content://com.example.databasetest.provider/book/" + newId);
                ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
                values.put("name", "A Storm of Swords");
                values.put("pages", 1216);
                values.put("price", 24.05);
                getContentResolver().update(uri, values, null, null);
            }
        });
        Button deleteData = (Button) findViewById(R.id.delete_data);
        deleteData.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                Uri uri = Uri
                        .parse("content://com.example.databasetest.provider/book/" + newId);
                getContentResolver().delete(uri, null, null);
            }
        }); 
    }

}

以上是关于每天进步一点----- 内容提供者ContentProvider的主要内容，如果未能解决你的问题，请参考以下文章

[每天进步一点点~] uni-app css 制作雷达扫描、波浪移动动画效果

日常软件测试面试题（每天进步一点点系列）

每天进步一点----- 收发短信

每天进步一点----- MediaPlayer

每天进步一点----- VideoView

每天进步一点----- Service