SaltStack之远程执行目标选择匹配

Posted 2020-10-11 warren

练习内容

Salt远程执行中目标选择常用的模式

1.通配符匹配

2.正则表达式匹配

3.List支持

4.Grains匹配

5.IP地址匹配

6.混合匹配

7.Node groups

远程执行格式如下：

target就是我们要选择的minion

salt ‘<target>‘ <function> [arguments]

一，通配符匹配，支持minon_id

[[email protected] salt]# salt "*" test.ping
linux-node1.example.com:
    True
linux-node2.example.com:
    True
[[email protected]-node1 salt]# salt "*node1*" test.ping
linux-node1.example.com:
    True

二，正则表达式，同样也支持在状态文件里面使用

[[email protected] salt]# salt -E "linux-node[0-1].example.com" test.ping
linux-node1.example.com:
    True
[[email protected]-node1 salt]# salt -E "linux-node[0-2].example.com" test.ping
linux-node1.example.com:
    True
linux-node2.example.com:
    True

三，List支持

[[email protected] salt]# salt -L "linux-node1.example.com,linux-node2.example.com" "test.ping"
linux-node2.example.com:
    True
linux-node1.example.com:
    True

四，Grains匹配

[[email protected] salt]# salt -G ‘os:CentOS‘ test.ping
linux-node1.example.com:
    True
linux-node2.example.com:
    True

[[email protected]-node1 salt]# salt -G ‘cpuarch:x86_64‘ test.ping
linux-node1.example.com:
    True
linux-node2.example.com:
    True

五，IP地址匹配

[email protected] salt]# salt -S "192.168.56.0/255.255.255.0" test.ping  #注意不支持 255.255.255.0子网掩码写法
No minions matched the target. No command was sent, no jid was assigned.
ERROR: No return received
[[email protected]-node1 salt]# salt -S "192.168.56.0/24" test.ping
linux-node1.example.com:
    True
linux-node2.example.com:
    True
[[email protected]-node1 salt]# salt -S "192.168.56.11" test.ping
linux-node1.example.com:
    True

六，混合匹配（不建议使用，看起来有些乱）

[[email protected] salt]# salt -C ‘[email protected] or [email protected][0-2].example.com‘ test.ping
linux-node1.example.com:
    True
linux-node2.example.com:
    True

七，Node groups方式需要写在Master配置文件里面，并重启salt-master服务才能生效

nodegroups:
  group1: ‘[email protected],bar.domain.com,baz.domain.com and bl*.domain.com‘
  group2: ‘[email protected]:Debian and foo.domain.com‘
  group3: ‘[email protected]:Debian and [email protected]‘

 

总结：

1.混合匹配不建议使用，看起来有些乱

2.List模式在平时维护的时候用的少，但是在二次开发建议用Grains采集到数据，然后select拼接成list再调用后端api去执行

3.控制并发可以使用 batch size，简写 -b 如果是1就串行，也支持百分比如 -b 50%

[[email protected] salt]# salt ‘*‘ -b 1 test.ping

Executing run on [‘linux-node2.example.com‘]

linux-node2.example.com:
    True
retcode:
    0

Executing run on [‘linux-node1.example.com‘]

linux-node1.example.com:
    True
retcode:
    0

百分比使用方法

[[email protected] salt]# salt ‘*‘ -b 50%  test.ping

Executing run on [‘linux-node2.example.com‘]

linux-node2.example.com:
    True
retcode:
    0

Executing run on [‘linux-node1.example.com‘]

linux-node1.example.com:
    True
retcode:
    0

附：英文参考文档

https://www.unixhot.com/docs/saltstack/topics/tutorials/modules.html#target

https://www.unixhot.com/docs/saltstack/topics/targeting/index.html