30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words

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30. Substring with Concatenation of All Words

You are given a string, s, and a list of words, words, that are all of the same length. Find all starting indices of substring(s) in s that is a concatenation of each word in words exactly once and without any intervening characters.

For example, given:
s: "barfoothefoobarman"
words: ["foo", "bar"]

You should return the indices: [0,9].
(order does not matter).

解题思想就是用Map去统计,减少组合的耗时,空间换时间。这个用map的方式还是很常用的。

前几天有同学面网易问了个题目就是:给你两个无序数组,一个长度为m,一个长度为n,求用0(m+n)的时间复杂度下找出他们公共的子数组。

eg input [1,2,2,3,4] , [2,2,3,4]   output [2,2,3,4]

思路也是用map换时间,只不过对于key = 2的这种重复值,它的val就用计数的方式。  

这里给个别人C++的代码,因为js跑的话,老是超时,没办法。有js过的代码,希望大神能给我留言,或者私信我,求教。

 1 class Solution {
 2 public:
 3 void initializeMap(map<string,int>& map, vector<string>& words){
 4     for(int i = 0 ;i< words.size();i++){//初始化map
 5         if(map.count(words[i])==0){
 6             map[words[i]] = 1;
 7         }
 8         else
 9             map[words[i]] += 1;
10     }
11 }
12 vector<int> findSubstring(string s, vector<string>& words) {
13     map<string, int> mapOfVec;
14     int singleWordLen = words[0].length();//单个字符串长度
15     int wordsLen = words.size();
16     int slen = s.length();
17     int i,j,count;
18     bool countChanged = false;//判断是否改变过map中的值,如果没变则无需重新初始化
19     vector<int> result;
20     count = wordsLen; //一个计数器表示还需要找到的字串个数
21     if(wordsLen == 0 || slen ==0) return result;
22     initializeMap(mapOfVec,words);
23     for(i = 0; i<= slen-wordsLen*singleWordLen;i++){
24         string subStr = s.substr(i,singleWordLen);// 取出字串
25         j = i;
26         while(mapOfVec.count(subStr)!=0 && mapOfVec[subStr]!=0 && j+singleWordLen<=slen){//当该字串存在于map中且值大于0,并且j不越界的情况下
27             mapOfVec[subStr] -=1; //值减1
28             count--;                      
29             countChanged = true;   //改变了map的值
30             j=j+singleWordLen;
31             subStr = s.substr(j,singleWordLen); //下一个字串
32             if(mapOfVec.count(subStr)==0){ 
33             break;
34             }
35         }
36         if(count==0){
37             result.push_back(i); //找齐所有字符串数组中的字串后把该索引压入;
38         }
39         if(countChanged){ //若未找到而且改变了map的值需要重新初始化map和count
40             mapOfVec.clear();
41             initializeMap(mapOfVec,words);
42             count = wordsLen;
43             countChanged = false;
44         }
45     }
46     return result;
47     
48 }
49 };

 

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