Computer Architecture Lecture 2: Fundamental Concepts and ISA

Posted 2020-10-10 Tesi1a

• Moore\'s Law
• Reliability
• Memory Wall
• Programmability Wall
• Design complexity
• Power/energy constraints
• Programmability Wall
• Tradeoffs
• Three key components of computing: Computation, communication, storage (memory)
• von Neumann model of computation
• Stored program
• Instruction pointer
• Sequential instruction processing
• Data flow model of computation
• Precise state
• Barrier synchronization
• Relational and conditional operations
• Control versus data-driven execution
• Instruction set architecture
• Microarchitecture
• The Connection Machine
• Bit serial, ripple carry, carry lookahead adder
• High-level overview of hardware exposure (we\'ll go into these in more detail in future lectures): pipelining, out-of-order, memory access scheduling, speculative execution, superscalar processing, clock gating, caching, prefetching, voltage/frequency scaling, error correction
• Very Large Instruction Word (VLIW) processors
• Design points: Cost, performance, maximum power consumption, energy consumption, availability, reliability and correctness, time to market

 

 Pipelined instruction execution: Intel 80486 uarch

 Multiple instructions at a time: Intel Pentium uarch

 Out-of-order execution: Intel Pentium Pro uarch

 Separate instruction and data caches