saltstack安装部署以及简单实用

Posted hz_pythoner

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一,saltstack简介: 

    SaltStack是一种新的基础设施管理方法开发软件,简单易部署,可伸缩的足以管理成千上万的服务器,和足够快的速度控制,与他们交流,以毫秒为单位。

SaltStack提供了一个动态基础设施通信总线用于编排,远程执行、配置管理等等。SaltStack基于python开发,项目于2011年启动,年增长速度较快,五年期

固定基础设施编制和配置管理的开源项目。SaltStack社区致力于保持盐项目集中、友好、健康、开放。

(网上摘抄的,说白了saltStack就是一个自动化工具,可以实现对服务器的批量操作)

 

二、安装环境

         saltstack支持大部分UNIX/Linux及Windows环境。本次安装的环境采用centos6

    host A:192.168.163.229:master

    host B:192.168.163.152:slaver

 

三,安装

      host A:

[[email protected] ~]# yum install salt-master

[[email protected] ~]# yum install salt-minion

     host B:

[[email protected] ~]# yum install salt-minion

如果发现yum 源没有这个包,则需要配置yum 源。

[saltstack-repo]
    name=SaltStack repo for RHEL/CentOS $releasever
    baseurl=https://repo.saltstack.com/yum/redhat/$releasever/$basearch/2016.11
    enabled=1
    gpgcheck=1
    gpgkey=https://repo.saltstack.com/yum/redhat/$releasever/$basearch/2016.11/SALTSTACK-GPG-KEY.pub

 

至此,master和slaver安装完成(因为是测试,所以只安装了2台slaver,正式环境,每天机器都需要安装slaver)

四、master和slaver配置

master配置文件路径:/etc/salt/master

vim /etc/salt/master

#修改第16行
interface: 192.168.163.229

注意interface:后面有一个空格,后面再跟本机(master)的ip地址即可。保存文件,启动master。

[[email protected]er ~]# /etc/init.d/salt-master start
Starting salt-master daemon:                               [确定]
[[email protected] ~]# 

用ps命令查看进程,可以看到master启动成功

[[email protected] ~]# ps -ef| grep salt
root      91637      1  0 18:01 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-master -d
root      91638  91637  0 18:01 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-master -d
root      91639  91637  0 18:01 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-master -d
root      91640  91637  0 18:01 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-master -d
root      91641  91637  0 18:01 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-master -d
root      91646  91641  1 18:01 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-master -d
root      91647  91641  1 18:01 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-master -d
root      91653  91641  1 18:01 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-master -d
root      91655  91641  1 18:01 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-master -d
root      91660  91641  1 18:01 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-master -d
root      91661  91641  0 18:01 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-master -d
root      92056   2971  0 18:02 pts/0    00:00:00 grep salt

修改slaver配置:

[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/salt/minion


 12 #default_include: minion.d/*.conf
 13 
 14 # Set the location of the salt master server. If the master server cannot be
 15 # resolved, then the minion will fail to start.
 16 #master: salt
 17 master: 192.168.163.229
 18 
 19 # If multiple masters are specified in the ‘master‘ setting, the default behavior
 20 # is to always try to connect to them in the order they are listed. If random_master is
 21 # set to True, the order will be randomized instead. This can be helpful in distributing
 22 # the load of many minions executing salt-call requests, for example, from a cron job.
 23 # If only one master is listed, this setting is ignored and a warning will be logged.
 24 # NOTE: If master_type is set to failover, use master_shuffle instead.
 25 #random_master: False
 26 
 27 # Use if master_type is set to failover.
 28 #master_shuffle: False
 29 
 30 # Minions can connect to multiple masters simultaneously (all masters
 31 # are "hot"), or can be configured to failover if a master becomes
 32 # unavailable.  Multiple hot masters are configured by setting this
 33 # value to "str".  Failover masters can be requested by setting
 34 # to "failover".  MAKE SURE TO SET master_alive_interval if you are
 35 # using failover.
 36 # master_type: str
 37 
 38 # Poll interval in seconds for checking if the master is still there.  Only
 39 # respected if master_type above is "failover". To disable the interval entirely,
 40 # set the value to -1. (This may be necessary on machines which have high number

修改这个文件的第16行为 master: 192.168.163.229  。同样的master:后面有一个空格,后面的ip地址即为master的ip地址,这个很好理解。

修改id为  id: 192.168.163.229    。(在文件的第78行左右)

77 # same machine but with different ids, this can be useful for salt compute
 78 # clusters.
 79 id: 192.168.163.229
 80 
 81 # Append a domain to a hostname in the event that it does not exist.  This is
 82 # useful for systems where socket.getfqdn() does not actually result in a
 83 # FQDN (for instance, Solaris).
 84 #append_domain:

id即是slaver的"身份证" ,可以自定义,也可以使用ip地址,但需要全局唯一。

保存文件后,启动slaver进程。

[[email protected] ~]# /etc/init.d/salt-minion start
Starting salt-minion daemon:                               [确定]
[[email protected] ~]# 
[[email protected] ~]# 
[[email protected] ~]# ps -ef |grep salt
root      91637      1  0 18:01 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-master -d
root      91638  91637  0 18:01 ?        00:00:01 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-master -d
root      91639  91637  0 18:01 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-master -d
root      91640  91637  0 18:01 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-master -d
root      91641  91637  0 18:01 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-master -d
root      91646  91641  0 18:01 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-master -d
root      91647  91641  0 18:01 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-master -d
root      91653  91641  0 18:01 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-master -d
root      91655  91641  0 18:01 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-master -d
root      91660  91641  0 18:01 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-master -d
root      91661  91641  0 18:01 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-master -d
root      92243      1  2 18:09 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/python2.6 /usr/bin/salt-minion -d
root      92264   2971  0 18:09 pts/0    00:00:00 grep salt

 

另一台host 只安装了slaver,因此只需要配置和启动slaver即可,方法和前面一样。

 

五,认证

master和slaver启动后,用命令salt-key查看

[[email protected] ~]# salt-key
Accepted Keys:
Denied Keys:
Unaccepted Keys:
192.168.163.152
192.168.163.229
Rejected Keys:
[[email protected] ~]# 
[[email protected] ~]# 
[[email protected] ~]# 
[[email protected] ~]# 

可以发现 Accepted Keys里面没有内容,Unaccpted Keys 里面有两条记录。刚好就是我们两台slaver,因为现在还没有认证过,所以需要先认证,才会变成Accepted状态。

[[email protected] minion]# salt-key -a 192.168.163.152
The following keys are going to be accepted:
Unaccepted Keys:
192.168.163.152
Proceed? [n/Y] Y
Key for minion 192.168.163.152 accepted.
[[email protected] minion]# 

[[email protected] minion]# salt-key -a 192.168.163.229
The following keys are going to be accepted:
Unaccepted Keys:
192.168.163.229
Proceed? [n/Y] Y
Key for minion 192.168.163.229 accepted.
[[email protected] minion]#
[[email protected] minion]#
[[email protected] minion]#
[[email protected] minion]# salt-key
Accepted Keys:
192.168.163.152
192.168.163.229
Denied Keys:
Unaccepted Keys:
Rejected Keys:
[[email protected] minion]#

 

到此完成了认证。

 

六,简单的salt命令

查看远程主机ip地址

[email protected] minion]# salt 192.168.163.152 cmd.run ifconfig
192.168.163.152:
    eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:70:1E:A6  
              inet addr:192.168.163.152  Bcast:192.168.163.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
              inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe70:1ea6/64 Scope:Link
              UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
              RX packets:498824 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
              TX packets:10915 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
              collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
              RX bytes:47223551 (45.0 MiB)  TX bytes:844785 (824.9 KiB)
    
    lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
              inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
              inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
              UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
              RX packets:50 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
              TX packets:50 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
              collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
              RX bytes:11658 (11.3 KiB)  TX bytes:11658 (11.3 KiB)
    
    virbr0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 52:54:00:CA:B4:D1  
              inet addr:192.168.122.1  Bcast:192.168.122.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
              UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
              RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
              TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
              collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
              RX bytes:0 (0.0 b)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 b)
[[email protected] minion]# 

 

查看远程主机连通性

[[email protected] minion]# salt 192.168.163.152 test.ping
192.168.163.152:
    True
[[email protected] minion]# 

 

好了,本次安装部署介绍完毕,其他salt命令以后再详细介绍。

 

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