Django学习系列之captcha 验证码插件

Posted 2020-10-07 差点点温柔

安装部署

安装captcha

pip3.6 install  django-simple-captcha==0.4.6

settings.py中引入captcha

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    \'django.contrib.admin\',
    \'django.contrib.auth\',
    \'django.contrib.contenttypes\',
    \'django.contrib.sessions\',
    \'django.contrib.messages\',
    \'django.contrib.staticfiles\',
    \'captcha\',
]

url.py配置

from django.conf.urls import url, include
from django.contrib import admin
 
urlpatterns = [
    url(r\'^admin/\', admin.site.urls),
    url(r\'^captcha/\', include(\'captcha.urls\')),
]

数据库同步

makemigrations
migrate

应用

效果

定义forms.py

from django import forms


from captcha.fields import CaptchaField

#对表单进行判断
class RegisterForm(forms.Form):
    email = forms.EmailField(required=True)
    password = forms.CharField(required=True,min_length=5)
    captcha = CaptchaField(error_messages={"invalid":"验证码错误"}) #加入这条

views.py

from django.views.generic.base import View

from .forms import RegisterForm

from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse

\'\'\'注册账户\'\'\'
class RegisterView(View):
    #显示注册页面
    def get(self,request):
        #把form传给前端,里边是验证码需要在前端显示
        register_form = RegisterForm()
        return render(request,\'register.html\',{\'register_form\':register_form})
    #接收提交的数据,进行逻辑判断
    def post(self,request):
        register_form = RegisterForm(request.POST)
        if register_form.is_valid():
            user_name = request.POST.get(\'email\', \'\')
            #去库里查询有没有这个邮箱,有就是已经注册过了
            if UserProfile.objects.filter(email=user_name):
                return render(request,\'register.html\',{\'register_form\':register_form,\'msg\':\'用户已经存在\'})
            #没有就是新用户,继续流程
            else:
                #获取前端填的表单,写进user库里
                pass_word = request.POST.get(\'password\', \'\')
                user_profile = UserProfile()
                user_profile.username = user_name
                user_profile.email = user_name
                user_profile.password = make_password(pass_word) #加密密码之后再存入库
                user_profile.save()


            send_register_email(user_name,\'register\')
            return  render(request,\'login.html\')
        else:
            return render(request,\'register.html\',{\'register_form\':register_form})#把register_form传给前端是因为 这里包含错误信息,需要在前端显示

HTML页面引用验证码

<div class="tab-form">
                    <form id="email_register_form" method="post" action="{% url \'register\' %}" autocomplete="off">
                        <input type=\'hidden\' name=\'csrfmiddlewaretoken\' value=\'gTZljXgnpvxn0fKZ1XkWrM1PrCGSjiCZ\' />
                        <div class="form-group marb20 {% if register_form.errors.email %} errorput {% endif %}">
                            <label>邮&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;箱</label>
                            <input  type="text" id="id_email" name="email" value="None" placeholder="请输入您的邮箱地址" />
                        </div>
                        <div class="form-group marb8 {% if register_form.errors.password %} errorput {% endif %}">
                            <label>密&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;码</label>
                            <input type="password" id="id_password" name="password"  value="None" placeholder="请输入6-20位非中文字符密码" />
                        </div>
                        <div class="form-group marb8 captcha1 {% if register_form.errors.captcha %} errorput {% endif %} ">
                            <label>验&nbsp;证&nbsp;码</label>
                            {{ register_form.captcha }}  #加入这条
                        </div>
                        <div class="error btns" id="jsEmailTips">
                            {% for key, error in register_form.errors.items %}
                                {{ error }}
                            {% endfor %}
                            {{ msg }}
                        </div>
                        <div class="auto-box marb8">
                        </div>
                        <input class="btn btn-green" id="jsEmailRegBtn" type="submit" value="注册并登录" />
                        {% csrf_token %}
                    </form>
                </div>

流程:

1.在这个页面,填完邮箱,密码,验证码后提交表单

2.把表单数据交给django-form验证

3.forms.py的RegisterForm中email和password字段验证输入的数据符不符合forms中定义的格式要求(密码是不是小于5位之类的),captcha验证验证码输入是否正确,注意是不一样的

4.验证码的输入框和图片是captcha自动生成的