scrapy中输出中文保存中文

Posted 2020-10-07 dahu的菜园子

1.json文件中文解码：

#!/usr/bin/python
#coding=utf-8
#author=dahu
import json
with open(‘huxiu.json‘,‘r‘) as f:
    data=json.load(f)
print data[0][‘title‘]
for key in data[0]:
    print ‘\"%s\":\"%s\",‘%(key,data[0][key])

read_from_json

中文写入json：

#!/usr/bin/python
#coding=utf-8
#author=dahu
import json
data={
"desc":"女友不是你想租想租就能租",
"link":"/article/214877.html",
"title":"押金8000元，共享女友门槛不低啊"
}
with open(‘tmp.json‘,‘w‘) as f:
    json.dump(data,f,ensure_ascii=False)        #指定ensure_ascii

write_to_json

2.scrapy在保存json文件时，容易乱码，

例如：

scrapy crawl huxiu --nolog -o huxiu.json
$ head huxiu.json 
[
{"title": "\u62bc\u91d18000\u5143\uff0c\u5171\u4eab\u5973\u53cb\u95e8\u69db\u4e0d\u4f4e\u554a", "link": "/article/214877.html", "desc": "\u5973\u53cb\u4e0d\u662f\u4f60\u60f3\u79df\u60f3\u79df\u5c31\u80fd\u79df"},
{"title": "\u5f20\u5634\uff0c\u817e\u8baf\u8981\u5582\u4f60\u5403\u836f\u4e86", "link": "/article/214879.html", "desc": "\u201c\u8033\u65c1\u56de\u8361\u7740Pony\u9a6c\u7684\u6559\u8bf2\uff1a\u597d\u597d\u7528\u8111\u5b50\u60f3\u60f3\uff0c\u4e0d\u5145\u94b1\uff0c\u4f60\u4eec\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f3a\u5417\uff1f\u201d"},

结合上面保存json文件为中文的技巧：

settings.py文件改动：

ITEM_PIPELINES = {
   ‘coolscrapy.pipelines.CoolscrapyPipeline‘: 300,
}

注释去掉

pipelines.py改成如下：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don‘t forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
import json
# import codecs

class CoolscrapyPipeline(object):
    # def __init__(self):
        # self.file = codecs.open(‘data_cn.json‘, ‘wb‘, encoding=‘utf-8‘)

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        # line = json.dumps(dict(item),ensure_ascii=False) + ‘\n‘
        # self.file.write(line)

        with open(‘data_cn1.json‘, ‘a‘) as f:
            json.dump(dict(item), f, ensure_ascii=False)
            f.write(‘,\n‘)
        return item

注释的部分是另一种写法，核心在于settings里启动pipeline，会自动运行process_item程序，所以就可以保存我们想要的任何格式

此时终端输入命令

scrapy crawl huxiu --nolog

如果仍然加 -o file.json ，file和pipeline里定义文件都会生成，但是file的json格式仍然是乱码。

3.进一步

由上分析可以得出另一个结论，setting里的ITEM_PIPELINES 是控制着pipeline的，如果我们多开启几个呢：

ITEM_PIPELINES = {
   ‘coolscrapy.pipelines.CoolscrapyPipeline‘: 300,
   ‘coolscrapy.pipelines.CoolscrapyPipeline1‘: 300,
}

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don‘t forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
import json
# import codecs

class CoolscrapyPipeline(object):
    # def __init__(self):
        # self.file = codecs.open(‘data_cn.json‘, ‘wb‘, encoding=‘utf-8‘)

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        # line = json.dumps(dict(item),ensure_ascii=False) + ‘\n‘
        # self.file.write(line)

        with open(‘data_cn1.json‘, ‘a‘) as f:
            json.dump(dict(item), f, ensure_ascii=False)
            f.write(‘,\n‘)
        return item
class CoolscrapyPipeline1(object):

    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        with open(‘data_cn2.json‘, ‘a‘) as f:
            json.dump(dict(item), f, ensure_ascii=False)
            f.write(‘,hehe\n‘)
        return item

pipelines.py

运行：

$ scrapy crawl huxiu --nolog

$ head -n 2 data_cn*
==> data_cn1.json <==
{"title": "押金8000元，共享女友门槛不低啊", "link": "/article/214877.html", "desc": "女友不是你想租想租就能租"},
{"title": "张嘴，腾讯要喂你吃药了", "link": "/article/214879.html", "desc": "“耳旁回荡着Pony马的教诲：好好用脑子想想，不充钱，你们会变强吗？”"},

==> data_cn2.json <==
{"title": "押金8000元，共享女友门槛不低啊", "link": "/article/214877.html", "desc": "女友不是你想租想租就能租"},hehe
{"title": "张嘴，腾讯要喂你吃药了", "link": "/article/214879.html", "desc": "“耳旁回荡着Pony马的教诲：好好用脑子想想，不充钱，你们会变强吗？”"},hehe

可以看到两个文件都生成了！而且还是按照我们想要的格式！