WPF ItemsControl ListBox ListView比较
Posted 王超元
tags:
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在进行列表信息展示时，WPF中提供多种列表可供选择。这篇博客将对WPF ItemsControl, ListBox, ListView进行比较。
相同点：
1. 这三个控件都是列表型控件，可以进行列表绑定（ItemsSource）；
2. 这三个控件均使用ItemsPresenter来展示列表信息；
不同点：
控件层次关系：
System.Object
System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherObject
System.Windows.DependencyObject
System.Windows.Media.Visual
System.Windows.UIElement
System.Windows.FrameworkElement
System.Windows.Controls.Control
System.Windows.Controls.ItemsControl
System.Object
System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherObject
System.Windows.DependencyObject
System.Windows.Media.Visual
System.Windows.UIElement
System.Windows.FrameworkElement
System.Windows.Controls.Control
System.Windows.Controls.ItemsControl
System.Windows.Controls.Primitives.Selector
System.Windows.Controls.ListBox
ListBox 继承于ItemsControl，增加了一个Selector对象，ItemsControl中的Item是不支持选择的。而ListBox中Item是支持选择，并且可以单选，多选。
System.Object
System.Windows.Threading.DispatcherObject
System.Windows.DependencyObject
System.Windows.Media.Visual
System.Windows.UIElement
System.Windows.FrameworkElement
System.Windows.Controls.Control
System.Windows.Controls.ItemsControl
System.Windows.Controls.Primitives.Selector
System.Windows.Controls.ListBox
System.Windows.Controls.ListView
ListView继承与ListBox，增加了一个View依赖属性。
ItemsControl是不包含水平和垂直方向的滚动条的。ListBox和ListView有水平和垂直方向滚动条。
ItemControl的样式：
<ResourceDictionary
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">
<Style x:Key="ItemsControlDefaultStyle" TargetType="{x:Type ItemsControl}">
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type ItemsControl}">
<Border BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}"
Padding="{TemplateBinding Padding}" SnapsToDevicePixels="true">
<ItemsPresenter SnapsToDevicePixels="{TemplateBinding SnapsToDevicePixels}"/>
</Border>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
<!-- Resource dictionary entries should be defined here. -->
</ResourceDictionary>
ListBox和ListView的样式基本一样，除了TargetType外，
<ResourceDictionary
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml">
<SolidColorBrush x:Key="ListBorder" Color="#828790"/>
<Style x:Key="ListBoxDefaultStyle" TargetType="{x:Type ListBox}">
<Setter Property="Background" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.WindowBrushKey}}"/>
<Setter Property="BorderBrush" Value="{StaticResource ListBorder}"/>
<Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="1"/>
<Setter Property="Foreground" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.ControlTextBrushKey}}"/>
<Setter Property="ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility" Value="Auto"/>
<Setter Property="ScrollViewer.VerticalScrollBarVisibility" Value="Auto"/>
<Setter Property="ScrollViewer.CanContentScroll" Value="true"/>
<Setter Property="ScrollViewer.PanningMode" Value="Both"/>
<Setter Property="Stylus.IsFlicksEnabled" Value="False"/>
<Setter Property="VerticalContentAlignment" Value="Center"/>
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="{x:Type ListBox}">
<Border x:Name="Bd" BorderBrush="{TemplateBinding BorderBrush}" BorderThickness="{TemplateBinding BorderThickness}" Background="{TemplateBinding Background}" Padding="1"
SnapsToDevicePixels="true">
<ScrollViewer Focusable="false" Padding="{TemplateBinding Padding}">
<ItemsPresenter SnapsToDevicePixels="{TemplateBinding SnapsToDevicePixels}"/>
</ScrollViewer>
</Border>
<ControlTemplate.Triggers>
<Trigger Property="IsEnabled" Value="false">
<Setter Property="Background" TargetName="Bd" Value="{DynamicResource {x:Static SystemColors.ControlBrushKey}}"/>
</Trigger>
<Trigger Property="IsGrouping" Value="true">
<Setter Property="ScrollViewer.CanContentScroll" Value="false"/>
</Trigger>
</ControlTemplate.Triggers>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
<!-- Resource dictionary entries should be defined here. -->
</ResourceDictionary>
在项目中如何选择使用这三个控件；
1. 如果列表信息只做展示，但不提供选择功能，可以使用ItemsControl；
2. ListView比ListBox增加了一个View属性。
示例代码：
ItemsControl vs ListBox (Selector)
<Grid>
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
<RowDefinition Height="Auto"/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<!--ItemsControl-->
<StackPanel>
<TextBlock Text="ItemsControl" FontSize="18"/>
<ItemsControl ItemsSource="{Binding .}">
<ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<Grid>
<Ellipse Width="110" Height="55" Fill="#ebebee"/>
<StackPanel>
<TextBlock Text="{Binding Priority}" FontSize="16" HorizontalAlignment="Center"/>
<TextBlock Text="{Binding Name}" FontSize="16" HorizontalAlignment="Center"/>
</StackPanel>
</Grid>
</DataTemplate>
</ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
<ItemsControl.ItemsPanel>
<ItemsPanelTemplate>
<WrapPanel />
</ItemsPanelTemplate>
</ItemsControl.ItemsPanel>
<ItemsControl.ItemContainerStyle>
<Style>
<Setter Property="Control.Margin" Value="5"/>
</Style>
</ItemsControl.ItemContainerStyle>
</ItemsControl>
</StackPanel>
<!--ListBox-->
<StackPanel Grid.Row="1">
<TextBlock Text="ListBox" FontSize="18"/>
<ListBox ItemsSource="{Binding .}">
<ListBox.ItemTemplate>
<DataTemplate>
<Grid>
<Ellipse Width="110" Height="55" Fill="#ebebee"/>
<StackPanel>
<TextBlock Text="{Binding Priority}" FontSize="16" HorizontalAlignment="Center"/>
<TextBlock Text="{Binding Name}" FontSize="16" HorizontalAlignment="Center"/>
</StackPanel>
</Grid>
</DataTemplate>
</ListBox.ItemTemplate>
<ListBox.ItemsPanel>
<ItemsPanelTemplate>
<StackPanel/>
</ItemsPanelTemplate>
</ListBox.ItemsPanel>
<ListBox.ItemContainerStyle>
<Style>
<Setter Property="Control.Width" Value="120"/>
<Setter Property="Control.Margin" Value="5"/>
</Style>
</ListBox.ItemContainerStyle>
<ListBox.Template>
<ControlTemplate>
<ScrollViewer HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Auto" VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Auto">
<ItemsPresenter/>
</ScrollViewer>
</ControlTemplate>
</ListBox.Template>
</ListBox>
</StackPanel>
</Grid>
C#
public class Task
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public int Priority { get; set; }
}
ObservableCollection<Task> _tasks = null;
public MainWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
_tasks = new ObservableCollection<Task>()
{
new Task() { Name = "Shopping",Priority = 2 },
new Task() { Name = "Laundry",Priority = 2 },
new Task() { Name = "Email",Priority = 1 },
new Task() { Name = "Writting",Priority = 2 },
new Task() { Name = "Learning",Priority = 2 },
new Task() { Name = "Working",Priority = 2 },
};
DataContext = _tasks;
}
运行效果：
ListView View属性的使用
<ListView ItemsSource="{Binding .}">
<ListView.View>
<GridView>
<GridView.Columns>
<GridViewColumn Header="Task Name" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Name}" Width="100"/>
<GridViewColumn Header="Task Priority" DisplayMemberBinding="{Binding Priority}" Width="100"/>
</GridView.Columns>
</GridView>
</ListView.View>
</ListView>
运行效果：
感谢您的阅读，代码点击这里下载。
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