annotation中的Autowired
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd"> <context:annotation-config/> <bean id="u" class="com.bjsxt.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl"> </bean> <bean id="u2" class="com.bjsxt.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl"> </bean> <bean id="userService" class="com.bjsxt.service.UserService"> </bean> </beans>
package com.bjsxt.service;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import com.bjsxt.dao.UserDAO;
import com.bjsxt.model.User;
public class UserService {
private UserDAO userDAO;
public void add(User user) {
userDAO.save(user);
}
public UserDAO getUserDAO() {
return userDAO;
}
//为什么Autowired必须放在set里面,其他地方无效
@Autowired
public void setUserDAO(@Qualifier("u")UserDAO userDAO) {
this.userDAO = userDAO;
}
public void init(){
System.out.println("init");
}
public void destroy(){
System.out.println("destroy");
}
}
@Test
public void test() {
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
UserService service = (UserService)ctx.getBean("userService");
service.add(new User());
ctx.destroy();
疑问:为什么autowired必须放在set方法里面在测试之中?
Annotation-based configuration
(The implicitly registered post-processors include AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
, CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
, PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
, as well as the aforementioned RequiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor
.)
Note that <context:annotation-config/>
only looks for annotations on beans in the same application context it is defined in. This means that, if you put <context:annotation-config/>
in a WebApplicationContext
for a DispatcherServlet
, it only checks for @Autowired
beans in your controllers, and not your services. See Section 13.2, “The DispatcherServlet
” for more information.
@Autowired
As expected, the @Autowired
annotation may be applied to "traditional" setter methods:
public class SimpleMovieLister { private MovieFinder movieFinder; @Autowired public void setMovieFinder(MovieFinder movieFinder) { this.movieFinder = movieFinder; } // ... }
The annotation may also be applied to methods with arbitrary names and/or multiple arguments:
public class MovieRecommender { private MovieCatalog movieCatalog; private CustomerPreferenceDao customerPreferenceDao; @Autowired public void prepare(MovieCatalog movieCatalog, CustomerPreferenceDao customerPreferenceDao) { this.movieCatalog = movieCatalog; this.customerPreferenceDao = customerPreferenceDao; } // ... }
The @Autowired
annotation may even be applied on constructors and fields:
public class MovieRecommender { @Autowired private MovieCatalog movieCatalog; private CustomerPreferenceDao customerPreferenceDao; @Autowired public MovieRecommender(CustomerPreferenceDao customerPreferenceDao) { this.customerPreferenceDao = customerPreferenceDao; } // ... }
It is also possible to provide all beans of a particular type from the ApplicationContext
by adding the annotation to a field or method that expects an array of that type:
public class MovieRecommender { @Autowired private MovieCatalog[] movieCatalogs; // ... }
The same applies for typed collections:
public class MovieRecommender { private Set<MovieCatalog> movieCatalogs; @Autowired public void setMovieCatalogs(Set<MovieCatalog> movieCatalogs) { this.movieCatalogs = movieCatalogs; } // ... }
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