d3.js多个坐标轴柱状图
Posted daixinet
tags:
篇首语:本文由小常识网(cha138.com)小编为大家整理,主要介绍了d3.js多个坐标轴柱状图相关的知识,希望对你有一定的参考价值。
最终效果图镇楼:
本文通过三个步骤来介绍d3.js。
1、简单的柱状图;
2、多个x轴的柱状图;
3、多个x轴、y轴的柱状图;
学习心得:
d3.js入门相对比较困难,一旦掌握了核心思想,不断熟悉API,就可以做出很灵活、实用的图表。
canvas中,d3帮我们计算好了每个图形的位置,我们再一个一个的画上即可。
不要担心代码看起来很多,一个一个的分析出来,就会发现其实还是有套路的。
一、简单图表
示意图:
代码:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title></title> </head> <body> <canvas id="myCanvas" width="600" height="400"></canvas> <script src="d3.min.js"></script> <script> "use strict"; (function () { function init() { initData(); } function initData() {var oneData = [ {\'name\': \'办公用品\', \'value\': 100}, {\'name\': \'家具\', \'value\': 20}, {\'name\': \'技术\', \'value\': 60} ]; initUI(oneData); } function initUI(data) { var canvas = document.querySelector(\'#myCanvas\'); var context = canvas.getContext(\'2d\'); var margin = {top: 20, right: 20, bottom: 30, left: 40}; var width = canvas.width - margin.left - margin.right; var height = canvas.height - margin.top - margin.bottom; var x0 = d3.scaleBand() .domain(data.map(function (d) { return d.name; })) .rangeRound([0, width]) .padding(0.5); var y0 = d3.scaleLinear() .domain([0, d3.max(data, function (d) { return d.value; })]) .range([height, 0]); context.translate(margin.left, margin.top); context.beginPath(); x0.domain().forEach(function (d) { context.moveTo(x0(d) + x0.bandwidth() / 2, height); context.lineTo(x0(d) + x0.bandwidth() / 2, height + 6); }); context.strokeStyle = \'black\'; context.stroke(); context.textAlign = "center"; context.textBaseline = "top"; x0.domain().forEach(function (d) { context.fillText(d, x0(d) + x0.bandwidth() / 2, height + 6); }); context.beginPath(); context.moveTo(0.5, height + 0.5); context.lineTo(width + 0.5, height + 0.5); context.strokeStyle = "black"; context.stroke(); var yTickCount = 10; var yTicks = y0.ticks(yTickCount); context.beginPath(); yTicks.forEach(function (d) { context.moveTo(0, y0(d) + 0.5); context.lineTo(-6, y0(d) + 0 / 5); }); context.strokeStyle = \'black\'; context.stroke(); context.textAlign = "right"; context.textBaseline = "middle"; yTicks.forEach(function (d) { context.fillText(d, -9, y0(d)); }); context.beginPath(); context.moveTo(-6.5, 0 + 0.5); context.lineTo(0.5, 0 + 0.5); context.lineTo(0.5, height + 0.5); context.lineTo(-6.5, height + 0.5); context.strokeStyle = "black"; context.stroke(); context.fillStyle = "steelblue"; data.forEach(function (d) { context.fillRect(x0(d.name), y0(d.value), x0.bandwidth(), height - y0(d.value)); }); } init(); }()); </script> </body> </html>
二、多个x轴
示意图:
代码:
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title></title> </head> <body> <canvas id="myCanvas" width="600" height="400"></canvas> <script src="d3.min.js"></script> <script> "use strict"; (function () { function init() { initData(); } function initData() {var data = [ { \'name\': \'东北\', \'value\': [ {\'name\': \'办公用品\', \'value\': 100}, {\'name\': \'家具\', \'value\': 20}, {\'name\': \'技术\', \'value\': 60} ] }, { \'name\': \'华北\', \'value\': [ {\'name\': \'办公用品\', \'value\': 100}, {\'name\': \'家具\', \'value\': 80}, {\'name\': \'技术\', \'value\': 60} ] }, { \'name\': \'西南\', \'value\': [ {\'name\': \'办公用品\', \'value\': 100}, {\'name\': \'家具\', \'value\': 80}, {\'name\': \'技术\', \'value\': 60} ] } ]; initUI(data); } function initUI(data) { var canvas = document.querySelector(\'#myCanvas\'); var context = canvas.getContext(\'2d\'); var margin = {top: 20, right: 20, bottom: 45, left: 40}; var width = canvas.width - margin.left - margin.right; var height = canvas.height - margin.top - margin.bottom; var xAxis0 = d3.scaleBand() .domain(data.map(function (d) { return d.name; })) .rangeRound([0, width]); var firstRow = data[0]; var xAxis1 = d3.scaleBand() .domain(firstRow.value.map(function (d) { return d.name; })) .rangeRound([0, xAxis0.bandwidth()]) .padding(0.5); var yAxis0 = d3.scaleLinear() .domain([0, d3.max(data, function (d0) { return d3.max(d0.value, function (d1) { return d1.value; }) })]) .range([height, 0]); context.translate(margin.left, margin.top); context.beginPath(); context.textAlign = "center"; context.textBaseline = "top"; xAxis0.domain().forEach(function (d) { context.fillText(d, xAxis0(d) + xAxis0.bandwidth() / 2, height + 23); }); data.forEach(function (d0) { var pX0 = xAxis0(d0.name); d0.value.forEach(function (d1) { context.moveTo(pX0 + xAxis1(d1.name) + xAxis1.bandwidth() / 2, height); context.lineTo(pX0 + xAxis1(d1.name) + xAxis1.bandwidth() / 2, height + 6); context.fillText(d1.name, pX0 + xAxis1(d1.name) + xAxis1.bandwidth() / 2, height + 6); }); }); context.strokeStyle = \'black\'; context.stroke(); context.beginPath(); context.moveTo(0.5, height + 0.5); context.lineTo(width + 0.5, height + 0.5); context.strokeStyle = "black"; context.stroke(); var yTickCount = 10; var yTicks = yAxis0.ti以上是关于d3.js多个坐标轴柱状图的主要内容,如果未能解决你的问题,请参考以下文章
D3.js中Stacked-to-Grouped Bars详解