samba温故知新

Posted 2020-10-04 mvpbang

　　SAMBA服务器可以实现Windows主机和Linux主机共享资源互访的功能，即在Windows下可以通过网上邻居访问Linux操作系统中SAMBA服务器共享的文件夹，当然，Linux操作系统之间同样可以使用SAMBA互相访问共享资源。

linux共享文件到Window

00、安装samba

yum install -y samba samba-client

01、创建共享目录

mkdir /share

02、添加smb认证账户
useradd -s /sbin/nologin mvp
smbpassword -a mvp #添加smb用户

03、修改共享目录权限

chown -R mvp: /share
04、samba基本命令
smbpasswd
smbtree
smbclient
smbstatus   #服务状态命令

05、日志记录信息

/var/log/samba/
%m 代表Client端的NetBios主机名称
%M 代表Client端的Internet主机的名称,就是HOSTNAME
%L 代表SAMBA主机的NetBios主机名称
%H 代表使用者的家目录
%U 代表目前登入的使用者名称
%g 代表目前登入的使用者的群组名称
%h 代表目前这部SAMBA主机的HOSTNAME
%I Client的 Ip
%T 代表目前的日期与时间

06、配置文件

# This is the main Samba configuration file. You should read the
# smb.conf(5) manual page in order to understand the options listed
# here. Samba has a huge number of configurable options (perhaps too
# many!) most of which are not shown in this example
#
# For a step to step guide on installing, configuring and using samba, 
# read the Samba-HOWTO-Collection. This may be obtained from:
#  http://www.samba.org/samba/docs/Samba-HOWTO-Collection.pdf
#
# Many working examples of smb.conf files can be found in the 
# Samba-Guide which is generated daily and can be downloaded from: 
#  http://www.samba.org/samba/docs/Samba-Guide.pdf
#
# Any line which starts with a ; (semi-colon) or a # (hash) 
# is a comment and is ignored. In this example we will use a #
# for commentry and a ; for parts of the config file that you
# may wish to enable
#
# NOTE: Whenever you modify this file you should run the command "testparm"
# to check that you have not made any basic syntactic errors. 
#
#---------------
# SELINUX NOTES:
#
# If you want to use the useradd/groupadd family of binaries please run:
# setsebool -P samba_domain_controller on
#
# If you want to share home directories via samba please run:
# setsebool -P samba_enable_home_dirs on
#
# If you create a new directory you want to share you should mark it as
# "samba_share_t" so that selinux will let you write into it.
# Make sure not to do that on system directories as they may already have
# been marked with othe SELinux labels.
#
# Use ls -ldZ /path to see which context a directory has
#
# Set labels only on directories you created!
# To set a label use the following: chcon -t samba_share_t /path
#
# If you need to share a system created directory you can use one of the
# following (read-only/read-write):
# setsebool -P samba_export_all_ro on
# or
# setsebool -P samba_export_all_rw on
#
# If you want to run scripts (preexec/root prexec/print command/...) please
# put them into the /var/lib/samba/scripts directory so that smbd will be
# allowed to run them.
# Make sure you COPY them and not MOVE them so that the right SELinux context
# is applied, to check all is ok use restorecon -R -v /var/lib/samba/scripts
#
#--------------
#
#======================= Global Settings =====================================
    
[global]
    
# ----------------------- Network Related Options -------------------------
#
# workgroup = NT-Domain-Name or Workgroup-Name, eg: MIDEARTH   #同域组，认证
#
# server string is the equivalent of the NT Description field
#
# netbios name can be used to specify a server name not tied to the hostname
#
# Interfaces lets you configure Samba to use multiple interfaces
# If you have multiple network interfaces then you can list the ones
# you want to listen on (never omit localhost)
#
# Hosts Allow/Hosts Deny lets you restrict who can connect, and you can
# specifiy it as a per share option as well
#
    workgroup = mvpbang
    server string = Samba Server Version %v
    
;    netbios name = MYSERVER
    
;    interfaces = lo eth0 192.168.12.2/24 192.168.13.2/24 
;    hosts allow = 127. 192.168.12. 192.168.13.    #限制访问IP
    
# --------------------------- Logging Options -----------------------------
#
# Log File let you specify where to put logs and how to split them up.
#
# Max Log Size let you specify the max size log files should reach
    
    # logs split per machine
    log file = /var/log/samba/log.%m    #日志记录的格式
    # max 50KB per log file, then rotate
    max log size = 50
    
# ----------------------- Standalone Server Options ------------------------
#
# Scurity can be set to user, share(deprecated) or server(deprecated)
#
# Backend to store user information in. New installations should 
# use either tdbsam or ldapsam. smbpasswd is available for backwards 
# compatibility. tdbsam requires no further configuration.

    security = user
    passdb backend = tdbsam


# ----------------------- Domain Members Options ------------------------
#
# Security must be set to domain or ads
#
# Use the realm option only with security = ads
# Specifies the Active Directory realm the host is part of
#
# Backend to store user information in. New installations should 
# use either tdbsam or ldapsam. smbpasswd is available for backwards 
# compatibility. tdbsam requires no further configuration.
#
# Use password server option only with security = server or if you can\'t
# use the DNS to locate Domain Controllers
# The argument list may include:
#   password server = My_PDC_Name [My_BDC_Name] [My_Next_BDC_Name]
# or to auto-locate the domain controller/s
#   password server = *
    
    
;    security = domain
;    passdb backend = tdbsam
;    realm = MY_REALM

;    password server = <NT-Server-Name>

# ----------------------- Domain Controller Options ------------------------
#
# Security must be set to user for domain controllers
#
# Backend to store user information in. New installations should 
# use either tdbsam or ldapsam. smbpasswd is available for backwards 
# compatibility. tdbsam requires no further configuration.
#
# Domain Master specifies Samba to be the Domain Master Browser. This
# allows Samba to collate browse lists between subnets. Don\'t use this
# if you already have a Windows NT domain controller doing this job
#
# Domain Logons let Samba be a domain logon server for Windows workstations. 
#
# Logon Scrpit let yuou specify a script to be run at login time on the client
# You need to provide it in a share called NETLOGON
#
# Logon Path let you specify where user profiles are stored (UNC path)
#
# Various scripts can be used on a domain controller or stand-alone
# machine to add or delete corresponding unix accounts
#
;    security = user
;    passdb backend = tdbsam
    
;    domain master = yes 
;    domain logons = yes
    
    # the login script name depends on the machine name
;    logon script = %m.bat
    # the login script name depends on the unix user used
;    logon script = %u.bat
;    logon path = \\\\%L\\Profiles\\%u
    # disables profiles support by specifing an empty path
;    logon path =          
    
;    add user script = /usr/sbin/useradd "%u" -n -g users
;    add group script = /usr/sbin/groupadd "%g"
;    add machine script = /usr/sbin/useradd -n -c "Workstation (%u)" -M -d /nohome -s /bin/false "%u"
;    delete user script = /usr/sbin/userdel "%u"
;    delete user from group script = /usr/sbin/userdel "%u" "%g"
;    delete group script = /usr/sbin/groupdel "%g"
    
    
# ----------------------- Browser Control Options ----------------------------
#
# set local master to no if you don\'t want Samba to become a master
# browser on your network. Otherwise the normal election rules apply
#
# OS Level determines the precedence of this server in master browser
# elections. The default value should be reasonable
#
# Preferred Master causes Samba to force a local browser election on startup
# and gives it a slightly higher chance of winning the election
;    local master = no
;    os level = 33
;    preferred master = yes
    
#----------------------------- Name Resolution -------------------------------
# Windows Internet Name Serving Support Section:
# Note: Samba can be either a WINS Server, or a WINS Client, but NOT both
#
# - WINS Support: Tells the NMBD component of Samba to enable it\'s WINS Server
#
# - WINS Server: Tells the NMBD components of Samba to be a WINS Client
#
# - WINS Proxy: Tells Samba to answer name resolution queries on
#   behalf of a non WINS capable client, for this to work there must be
#   at least one    WINS Server on the network. The default is NO.
#
# DNS Proxy - tells Samba whether or not to try to resolve NetBIOS names
# via DNS nslookups.
    
;    wins support = yes
;    wins server = w.x.y.z
;    wins proxy = yes
    
;    dns proxy = yes
    
# --------------------------- Printing Options -----------------------------
#
# Load Printers let you load automatically the list of printers rather
# than setting them up individually
#
# Cups Options let you pass the cups libs custom options, setting it to raw
# for example will let you use drivers on your Windows clients
#
# Printcap Name let you specify an alternative printcap file
#
# You can choose a non default printing system using the Printing option
    
    load printers = yes
    cups options = raw

;    printcap name = /etc/printcap
    #obtain list of printers automatically on SystemV
;    printcap name = lpstat
;    printing = cups

# --------------------------- Filesystem Options ---------------------------
#
# The following options can be uncommented if the filesystem supports
# Extended Attributes and they are enabled (usually by the mount option
# user_xattr). Thess options will let the admin store the DOS attributes
# in an EA and make samba not mess with the permission bits.
#
# Note: these options can also be set just per share, setting them in global
# makes them the default for all shares

;    map archive = no
;    map hidden = no
;    map read only = no
;    map system = no
;    store dos attributes = yes


#============================ Share Definitions ==============================
    
;[homes]
;    comment = Home Directories
;    browseable = no
;    writable = yes
;    valid users = %S
;    valid users = MYDOMAIN\\%S
    
;[printers]
;    comment = All Printers
;    path = /var/spool/samba
;    browseable = no
;    guest ok = no
;    writable = no
;    printable = yes
    
# Un-comment the following and create the netlogon directory for Domain Logons
;    [netlogon]
;    comment = Network Logon Service
;    path = /var/lib/samba/netlogon
;    guest ok = yes
;    writable = no
;    share modes = no
    
    
# Un-comment the following to provide a specific roving profile share
# the default is to use the user\'s home directory
;    [Profiles]
;    path = /var/lib/samba/profiles
;    browseable = no
;    guest ok = yes
    
    
# A publicly accessible directory, but read only, except for people in
# the "staff" group
;    [public]
;    comment = Public Stuff
;    path = /home/samba
;    public = yes
;    writable = yes
;    printable = no
;    write list = +staff


[homes]
    comment = Home Directories
    path = /share
    browseable = yes
    writable = yes
    valid users = %S

07、模板参数简介

[go_ahead] #共享名字
comment = Home Directories #备注
path = /share #共享目录
hosts allow = 127. 192.168.12. 192.168. #对访问IP的限制
browseable = no | yes #浏览
writable = yes | no #写权限，用户一定要有写权限
valid users = %S
valid users = MYDOMAIN\\%S
guest ok = no | yes
public = yes
write list = +staff #组写

 08、samba服务

service  smb start | restart

09、Window加载共享文件

Win + R     \\\\172.24.0.24

 

借鉴：

http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaochina/p/5661872.html

http://www.cnblogs.com/whiteyun/archive/2011/05/27/2059670.html