OpenStack之KVM用virt-manager创建带有OS的image

Posted 2020-10-04

第一次用virt-manager创建带有OS的image时，在最后一步总会遇到下面这个错误。后来发现应该是libvirt的问题，选择重新编译安装另一个版本。这里重新选择的时libvirt-1.1.4

Unable to complete install: ‘Failed to connect socket to ‘/var/run/libvirt/virtlogd-sock‘: No such file or directory‘

libvirtError: Failed to connect socket to ‘/var/run/libvirt/virtlogd-sock‘: No such file or directory

在用virt-manager创建带有OS的image时，许kvm和libvirt安装且正常运行，有如下输出便可：

[email protected]:/home/zxl# kvm-ok

INFO: /dev/kvm exists

KVM acceleration can be used

[email protected]:/tool/libvirt-1.3.4# virsh list

 Id    Name                           State

----------------------------------------------------

然后安装qemu 和virt-manager

[email protected]:/tool/libvirt-1.3.4# apt-get install qemu virt-manager

[email protected]:~# virt-manager （如果出现DBUS问题，那么在切换用户时注意用su -  代替su)

报错，找不到br100网卡

并且本实验要创建的image中的虚拟机是要将虚拟网卡建立在网桥上的，即创建基于虚拟局域网的虚拟网卡。此虚拟局域网可以让位于同一台物理服务器上的虚拟机再次组成一个局域网

[email protected]~# vim /etc/network/interfaces

auto lo

iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0

iface eth0 inet static

address 192.168.139.8

netmask 255.255.255.0

gateway 192.168.139.1

auto br100

iface br100 inet static

bridge_ports eth0

bridge_maxwait 0

bridge_stp off

bridge_fd 0

address 192.169.139.8

netmask 255.255.255.0

gateway 192.168.139.1

broadcast 192.168.139.255

                         

[email protected]:~#/etc/init.d/networking restart

[email protected]:~# ifconfig 

br100     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0c:29:60:fa:7d  

          inet addr:192.169.139.8  Bcast:192.168.139.255  Mask:255.255.255.0

          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe60:fa7d/64 Scope:Link

          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1

          RX packets:2146 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          TX packets:67 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 

          RX bytes:140919 (140.9 KB)  TX bytes:10782 (10.7 KB)

eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0c:29:60:fa:7d  

          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1

          RX packets:749892 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          TX packets:253662 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 

          RX bytes:1077881402 (1.0 GB)  TX bytes:21269261 (21.2 MB)

          Interrupt:19 Base address:0x2000 

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  

          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0

          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host

          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1

          RX packets:175799 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          TX packets:175799 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 

          RX bytes:30344562 (30.3 MB)  TX bytes:30344562 (30.3 MB)

virbr0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 72:e7:c7:39:ff:28  

          inet addr:192.168.122.1  Bcast:192.168.122.255  Mask:255.255.255.0

          UP BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1

          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 

          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

vnet0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr fe:54:00:13:99:27  

          inet6 addr: fe80::fc54:ff:fe13:9927/64 Scope:Link

          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1

          RX packets:1898 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0

          TX packets:296 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0

          collisions:0 txqueuelen:500 

          RX bytes:90591 (90.5 KB)  TX bytes:89508 (89.5 KB)

点击finish安装虚拟机

当装完操作系统，且安装了虚拟机中需要使用的软件后，就可以将虚拟机关闭

在宿主机执行virsh destroy ubuntu-12.04便可关闭虚拟机

[email protected]:~# virsh destroy ubuntu-12.04

Domain ubuntu-12.04 destroyed

[email protected]:~# virsh list --all

 Id    Name                           State

----------------------------------------------------

 -     ubuntu-12.04                   shut off

接下来需要保存虚拟机的定义文件和虚拟机image

[email protected]:~# virsh dumpxml ubuntu-12.04 > ubuntu-12.04.xml

[email protected]:~# vim ubuntu-12.04.xml

 1 <domain type=‘kvm‘>

  2   <name>ubuntu-12.04</name>

  3   <uuid>a4a93d3d-b573-9c1f-fa93-beaa9d3f301b</uuid>

  4   <memory unit=‘KiB‘>1004544</memory>

  5   <currentMemory unit=‘KiB‘>1004544</currentMemory>

  6   <vcpu placement=‘static‘>1</vcpu>

  7   <os>

  8     <type arch=‘x86_64‘ machine=‘pc-1.0-qemu-kvm‘>hvm</type>

  9     <boot dev=‘hd‘/>

 10   </os>

 11   <features>

 12     <acpi/>

 13     <apic/>

 14     <pae/>

 15   </features>

 16   <clock offset=‘utc‘/>

 17   <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>

 18   <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>

 19   <on_crash>restart</on_crash>

 20   <devices>

 21     <emulator>/usr/bin/kvm</emulator>

 22     <disk type=‘file‘ device=‘disk‘>

 23       <driver name=‘qemu‘ type=‘raw‘/>

 24       <source file=‘/var/lib/libvirt/images/ubuntu-12.04.img‘/>

 25       <target dev=‘vda‘ bus=‘virtio‘/>

 26       <address type=‘pci‘ domain=‘0x0000‘ bus=‘0x00‘ slot=‘0x05‘ function=‘0    x0‘/>

 27     </disk>

 28     <disk type=‘block‘ device=‘cdrom‘>

 29       <driver name=‘qemu‘ type=‘raw‘/>

 30       <target dev=‘hdc‘ bus=‘ide‘/>

 31       <readonly/>

 32       <address type=‘drive‘ controller=‘0‘ bus=‘1‘ target=‘0‘ unit=‘0‘/>

 33     </disk>

 34     <controller type=‘usb‘ index=‘0‘>

 35       <address type=‘pci‘ domain=‘0x0000‘ bus=‘0x00‘ slot=‘0x01‘ function=‘0    x2‘/>

 36     </controller>

 37     <controller type=‘pci‘ index=‘0‘ model=‘pci-root‘/>

 38     <controller type=‘ide‘ index=‘0‘>

 39       <address type=‘pci‘ domain=‘0x0000‘ bus=‘0x00‘ slot=‘0x01‘ function=‘0    x1‘/>

 40     </controller>

 41     <interface type=‘bridge‘>

 42       <mac address=‘52:54:00:13:99:27‘/>

 43       <source bridge=‘br100‘/>

 44       <model type=‘virtio‘/>

 45       <address type=‘pci‘ domain=‘0x0000‘ bus=‘0x00‘ slot=‘0x03‘ function=‘0    x0‘/>

 46     </interface>

 47     <serial type=‘pty‘>

 48       <target port=‘0‘/>

 49     </serial>

 50     <console type=‘pty‘>

 51       <target type=‘serial‘ port=‘0‘/>

 52     </console>

 53     <input type=‘mouse‘ bus=‘ps2‘/>

 54     <graphics type=‘vnc‘ port=‘-1‘ autoport=‘yes‘/>

 55     <sound model=‘ich6‘>

 56       <address type=‘pci‘ domain=‘0x0000‘ bus=‘0x00‘ slot=‘0x04‘ function=‘0    x0‘/>

 57     </sound>

 58     <video>

 59       <model type=‘cirrus‘ vram=‘9216‘ heads=‘1‘/>

 60       <address type=‘pci‘ domain=‘0x0000‘ bus=‘0x00‘ slot=‘0x02‘ function=‘0    x0‘/>

 61     </video>

 62     <memballoon model=‘virtio‘>

 63       <address type=‘pci‘ domain=‘0x0000‘ bus=‘0x00‘ slot=‘0x06‘ function=‘0    x0‘/>

 64     </memballoon>

 65   </devices>

 66 </domain>

保存好虚拟机的定义文件后，找到第文件中关于虚拟机的硬盘image定义部分

 <disk type=‘file‘ device=‘disk‘>

  <driver name=‘qemu‘ type=‘raw‘/>

   <source file=‘/var/lib/libvirt/images/ubuntu-12.04.img‘/>

     <target dev=‘vda‘ bus=‘virtio‘/>

       <address type=‘pci‘ domain=‘0x0000‘ bus=‘0x00‘ slot=‘0x05‘ function=‘0    x0‘/>

   </disk>

source file指明了虚拟磁盘image的全路径，将此image剪切至保存目录，如image目录，则保存虚拟机image完毕

[email protected]:~# mv /var/lib/libvirt/images/ubuntu-12.04.img /image/

[email protected]:~# mv ubuntu-12.04.xml /image/

由于此虚拟机不在使用，则可以udefine此虚拟机（udefine不是删除，只是取消了此虚拟机的定义）

[email protected]:~# virsh undefine ubuntu-12.04

Domain ubuntu-12.04 has been undefined

[email protected]:~# virsh list --all

 Id    Name                           State

----------------------------------------------------

总结：

装kvm,libvirt，virt-manager失败许多次的解决方法：

1：配置搜狐源

2：apt-get install qemu-kvm ubuntu-vm-builder bridge-utils

3: apt-get install qemu virt-manager(此时其实会装libvirt-bin，有依赖,但可能运行virt-manager报错，需最后purge掉）

4: apt-get install build-essential python-dev libxml2-dev libxslt-dev tgt lvm2 python-lxml unzip python-mysqldb mysql-client memcached openssl expect iputils-arping python-xattr python-lxml kvm gawk iptables ebtables sqlite3 sudo kvm vlan curl socat python-libxml2 iscsitarget iscsitarget-dkms open-iscsi build-essential libxml2 libxml2-dev make fakeroot dkms openvswitch-switch openvswitch-datapath-dkms libxslt1.1 libxslt1-dev vlan gnutls-bin libgnutls-dev cdbs debhelper libncurses5-dev libreadline-dev libavahi-client-dev libparted0-dev libdevmapper-dev libudev-dev libpciaccess-dev libcap-ng-dev libnl-3-dev libapparmor-dev python-all-dev libxen-dev policykit-1 libyajl-dev libpcap0.8-dev libnuma-dev radvd libxml2-utils libnl-route-3-200 libnl-route-3-dev libnuma1 numactl libnuma-dbg libnuma-dev dh-buildinfo expect ebtables iptables iputils-ping iputils-arping sudo dnsmasq-base dnsmasq-utils

5: tar -xf libvirt-1.1.4.tar.gz

6:/configure --prefix=/usr  --sysconfdir=/etc

7:make && make install

8:virt-manage 安装虚拟机

此时如果报APP的错误，则执行apt-get purge libvirt-bin,然后进入到执行./configure的目录执行make clean，在重新执行6和7步，便可.