ggplot2 提取stat计算出来的数据
Posted 庐州月光
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使用ggplot2 绘图时,我们只需要提供原始数据就可以了,ggplot2 内置了许多的计算函数,来帮助我们计算对应的数值。
最典型的的,当使用geom_boxplot 绘制箱线图时,我们只提供原始数据,用来绘图的最大值,最小值,中位数,上下四分位数都由ggplot2 自动计算。
那么我们如何提取这部分计算好的数据呢,以箱线图为例进行说明
绘图代码如下:
pdf("a.pdf") p <- ggplot(mpg, aes(class, hwy)) + geom_boxplot() temp <- print(p) dev.off()
生成的图片如下:
在temp 这个对象中,就保存了计算好的用于绘制箱线图的数据
让我们来看下temp这个对象的结构
>str(temp) List of 3 $ data :List of 1 ..$ :\'data.frame\': 7 obs. of 22 variables: .. ..$ ymin : num [1:7] 23 23 23 21 15 20 14 .. ..$ lower : num [1:7] 24 26 26 22 16 24.5 17 .. ..$ middle : num [1:7] 25 27 27 23 17 26 17.5 .. ..$ upper : num [1:7] 26 29 29 24 18 30.5 19 .. ..$ ymax : num [1:7] 26 33 32 24 20 36 22 .. ..$ outliers :List of 7 .. .. ..$ : num(0) .. .. ..$ : num [1:4] 35 37 35 44 .. .. ..$ : num(0) .. .. ..$ : num 17 .. .. ..$ : num [1:4] 12 12 12 22 .. .. ..$ : num [1:2] 44 41 .. .. ..$ : num [1:8] 12 12 25 24 27 25 26 23 .. ..$ notchupper: num [1:7] 26.4 27.7 27.7 24 17.6 ... .. ..$ notchlower: num [1:7] 23.6 26.3 26.3 22 16.4 ... .. ..$ x : num [1:7] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 .. ..$ PANEL : int [1:7] 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 .. ..$ group : int [1:7] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 .. ..$ ymin_final: num [1:7] 23 23 23 17 12 20 12 .. ..$ ymax_final: num [1:7] 26 44 32 24 22 44 27 .. ..$ xmin : num [1:7] 0.625 1.625 2.625 3.625 4.625 ... .. ..$ xmax : num [1:7] 1.38 2.38 3.38 4.38 5.38 ... .. ..$ weight : num [1:7] 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 .. ..$ colour : chr [1:7] "grey20" "grey20" "grey20" "grey20" ... .. ..$ fill : chr [1:7] "white" "white" "white" "white" ... .. ..$ size : num [1:7] 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 .. ..$ alpha : logi [1:7] NA NA NA NA NA NA ... .. ..$ shape : num [1:7] 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 .. ..$ linetype : chr [1:7] "solid" "solid" "solid" "solid" ... $ layout:Classes \'Layout\', \'ggproto\' <ggproto object: Class Layout> facet: <ggproto object: Class FacetNull, Facet> compute_layout: function draw_back: function draw_front: function draw_labels: function draw_panels: function finish_data: function init_scales: function map: function map_data: function params: list render_back: function render_front: function render_panels: function setup_data: function setup_params: function shrink: TRUE train: function train_positions: function train_scales: function vars: function super: <ggproto object: Class FacetNull, Facet> finish_data: function get_scales: function map: function map_position: function panel_layout: data.frame panel_ranges: list panel_scales: list render: function render_labels: function reset_scales: function setup: function train_position: function train_ranges: function xlabel: function ylabel: function super: <ggproto object: Class Layout> $ plot :List of 9 ..$ data :Classes ‘tbl_df’, ‘tbl’ and \'data.frame\': 234 obs. of 11 variables: .. ..$ manufacturer: chr [1:234] "audi" "audi" "audi" "audi" ... .. ..$ model : chr [1:234] "a4" "a4" "a4" "a4" ... .. ..$ displ : num [1:234] 1.8 1.8 2 2 2.8 2.8 3.1 1.8 1.8 2 ... .. ..$ year : int [1:234] 1999 1999 2008 2008 1999 1999 2008 1999 1999 2008 ... .. ..$ cyl : int [1:234] 4 4 4 4 6 6 6 4 4 4 ... .. ..$ trans : chr [1:234] "auto(l5)" "manual(m5)" "manual(m6)" "auto(av)" ... .. ..$ drv : chr [1:234] "f" "f" "f" "f" ... .. ..$ cty : int [1:234] 18 21 20 21 16 18 18 18 16 20 ... .. ..$ hwy : int [1:234] 29 29 31 30 26 26 27 26 25 28 ... .. ..$ fl : chr [1:234] "p" "p" "p" "p" ... .. ..$ class : chr [1:234] "compact" "compact" "compact" "compact" ... ..$ layers :List of 1 .. ..$ :Classes \'LayerInstance\', \'Layer\', \'ggproto\' <ggproto object: Class LayerInstance, Layer> aes_params: list compute_aesthetics: function compute_geom_1: function compute_geom_2: function compute_position: function compute_statistic: function data: waiver draw_geom: function finish_statistics: function geom: <ggproto object: Class GeomBoxplot, Geom> aesthetics: function default_aes: uneval draw_group: function draw_key: function draw_layer: function draw_panel: function extra_params: na.rm handle_na: function non_missing_aes: optional_aes: parameters: function required_aes: x lower upper middle ymin ymax setup_data: function use_defaults: function super: <ggproto object: Class Geom> geom_params: list inherit.aes: TRUE layer_data: function mapping: NULL map_statistic: function position: <ggproto object: Class PositionDodge, Position> compute_layer: function compute_panel: function required_aes: x setup_data: function setup_params: function width: NULL super: <ggproto object: Class Position> print: function show.legend: NA stat: <ggproto object: Class StatBoxplot, Stat> aesthetics: function compute_group: function compute_layer: function compute_panel: function default_aes: uneval extra_params: na.rm finish_layer: function non_missing_aes: weight parameters: function required_aes: x y retransform: TRUE setup_data: function setup_params: function super: <ggproto object: Class Stat> stat_params: list subset: NULL super: <ggproto object: Class Layer> ..$ scales :Classes \'ScalesList\', \'ggproto\' <ggproto object: Class ScalesList> add: function clone: function find: function get_scales: function has_scale: function input: function n: function non_position_scales: function scales: list super: <ggproto object: Class ScalesList> ..$ mapping :List of 2 .. ..$ x: symbol class .. ..$ y: symbol hwy ..$ theme : list() ..$ coordinates:Classes \'CoordCartesian\', \'Coord\', \'ggproto\' <ggproto object: Class CoordCartesian, Coord> aspect: function distance: function expand: TRUE is_linear: function labels: function limits: list range: function render_axis_h: function render_axis_v: function render_bg: function render_fg: function train: function transform: function super: <ggproto object: Class CoordCartesian, Coord> ..$ facet :Classes \'FacetNull\', \'Facet\', \'ggproto\' <ggproto object: Class FacetNull, Facet> compute_layout: function draw_back: function draw_front: function draw_labels: function draw_panels: function finish_data: function init_scales: function map: function map_data: function params: list render_back: function render_front: function render_panels: function setup_data: function setup_params: function shrink: TRUE train: function train_positions: function train_scales: function vars: function super: <ggproto object: Class FacetNull, Facet> ..$ plot_env :<environment: R_GlobalEnv> ..$ labels :List of 2 .. ..$ x: chr "class" .. ..$ y: chr "hwy" ..- attr(*, "class")= chr [1:2] "gg" "ggplot"
从运行结果可以看到,temp这个对象由3个元素构成的列表,第一个元素data 代表绘图用的数据,第二个元素layout 代表了页面的布局,第三个元素plot 代表了图片中的各种属性
其中data 就是我们想要的那部分数据
> temp$data[[1]] ymin lower middle upper ymax outliers notchupper 1 23 24.0 25.0 26.0 26 26.41319 2 23 26.0 27.0 29.0 33 35, 37, 35, 44 27.69140 3 23 26.0 27.0 29.0 32 27.74026 4 21 22.0 23.0 24.0 24 17 23.95278 5 15 16.0 17.0 18.0 20 12, 12, 12, 22 17.55009 6 20 24.5 26.0 30.5 36 44, 41 27.60241 7 14 17.0 17.5 19.0 22 12, 12, 25, 24, 27, 25, 26, 23 17.90132 notchlower x PANEL group ymin_final ymax_final xmin xmax weight colour 1 23.58681 1 1 1 23 26 0.625 1.375 1 grey20 2 26.30860 2 1 2 23 44 1.625 2.375 1 grey20 3 26.25974 3 1 3 23 32 2.625 3.375 1 grey20 4 22.04722 4 1 4 17 24 3.625 4.375 1 grey20 5 16.44991 5 1 5 12 22 4.625 5.375 1 grey20 6 24.39759 6 1 6 20 44 5.625 6.375 1 grey20 7 17.09868 7 1 7 12 27 6.625 7.375 1 grey20 fill size alpha shape linetype 1 white 0.5 NA 19 solid 2 white 0.5 NA 19 solid 3 white 0.5 NA 19 solid 4 white 0.5 NA 19 solid 5 white 0.5 NA 19 solid 6 white 0.5 NA 19 solid 7 white 0.5 NA 19 solid
temp$data 是一个只有一个元素的列表,这个元素是一个数据框,记录了每个箱体的具体数据,共有7行,对应图片中的7个箱子,数据框的每列给出了对应的ymin, lower, middle, upper, ymax 等值。
对于每一种geom图层,都可以采用上面的方式来提取中间数据。
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