POI插入图片至Excel使用固定的长宽

Posted 2020-10-02 阿丙的博客园

使用POI在Excel里插入图片，如何使插入的图片使用固定的大小？先介绍原有的两种方式：

　　一种是指定开始和结尾单元格，然后从头画到尾，相当于平铺
　　还有一种就是仅指定开始的单元格，图片的大小跟这个单元格的长宽有关，可以放大缩小固定的倍数，相当于左对齐

第一种效果如下：

 

第二种效果如下：

 

第一种方法的关键代码如下：

 1 private void pictureToSheet(Sheet finalSheet, Row row, Cell cell, int pictureIdx) {
 2     Drawing patriarch = finalSheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
 3     ExcelPositionRange excelPositionRange = ExcelTransferUtils.getMergedRegionPositionRange(finalSheet, row.getRowNum(), cell.getColumnIndex());
 4     ClientAnchor anchor = patriarch.createAnchor(0, 0, 1023, 255,
 5             excelPositionRange.getFirstCol(),
 6             excelPositionRange.getFirstRow(),
 7             excelPositionRange.getLastCol(),
 8             excelPositionRange.getLastRow()
 9     );
10     patriarch.createPicture(anchor, pictureIdx);
11 }

注：代码中的excelPositionRange，是俺自定义的一个类型。里边只有四个变量和get/set方法，四个变量分别是单元格的开始、结尾单元格的横纵坐标。这个大家可以根据需要来改。 

PS：其中1023和255指的是每个单元格被切分的份数，指定的是最后的单元格的最右下角的一个点，其方法的源代码在本文最后的附录里。

 

第二种方法的关键代码如下：

 1 private void pictureToSheet(Sheet finalSheet, Row row, Cell cell, int pictureIdx) {
 2     Drawing patriarch = finalSheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
 3     ExcelPositionRange excelPositionRange = ExcelTransferUtils.getMergedRegionPositionRange(finalSheet, row.getRowNum(), cell.getColumnIndex());
 4 
 5     CreationHelper helper = finalSheet.getWorkbook().getCreationHelper();
 6     ClientAnchor anchor = helper.createClientAnchor();
 7 
 8     // 图片插入坐标
 9     anchor.setCol1(excelPositionRange.getFirstCol());
10     anchor.setRow1(excelPositionRange.getFirstRow());
11 
12     // 使用固定的长宽比例系数
13     double a = 5.9;
14     double b = 1;
15 
16     // 插入图片
17     Picture pict = patriarch.createPicture(anchor, pictureIdx);
18     pict.resize(a,b);
19 }

 

进阶方法：
　　在第二种方法的基础上，可以计算出不同的系数，达到生成图片都是同一个长宽的功能，从而输出固定大小的图片

 1 private void pictureToSheet(Sheet finalSheet, Row row, Cell cell, int pictureIdx) {
 2     Drawing patriarch = finalSheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
 3     ExcelPositionRange excelPositionRange = ExcelTransferUtils.getMergedRegionPositionRange(finalSheet, row.getRowNum(), cell.getColumnIndex());
 4 
 5     CreationHelper helper = finalSheet.getWorkbook().getCreationHelper();
 6     ClientAnchor anchor = helper.createClientAnchor();
 7 
 8     // 图片插入坐标
 9     anchor.setCol1(excelPositionRange.getFirstCol());
10     anchor.setRow1(excelPositionRange.getFirstRow());
11 
12     // 指定我想要的长宽
13     double standardWidth = 112;
14     double standardHeight = 41;
15 
16     // 计算单元格的长宽
17     double cellWidth = finalSheet.getColumnWidthInPixels(cell.getColumnIndex());
18     double cellHeight = cell.getRow().getHeightInPoints()/72*96;
19 
20     // 计算需要的长宽比例的系数
21     double a = standardWidth / cellWidth;
22     double b = standardHeight / cellHeight;
23 
24     // 插入图片
25     Picture pict = patriarch.createPicture(anchor, pictureIdx);
26     pict.resize(a,b);
27 }

 PS：这里参考了POI获取单元格长宽的的方法：http://www.cnblogs.com/acm-bingzi/p/poiWidth.html

 

附录一
　　一般插入图片的样例代码：

 1 // 插入 PNG 图片至 Excel
 2 String fileName = strAppRootPath + "images/" + "bxlogo.png";
 3 
 4 InputStream is = new FileInputStream(fileName);
 5 byte[] bytes = IOUtils.toByteArray(is);
 6 
 7 int pictureIdx = workbook.addPicture(bytes, Workbook.PICTURE_TYPE_PNG);
 8 
 9 CreationHelper helper = workbook.getCreationHelper();
10 Drawing drawing = sheet.createDrawingPatriarch();
11 ClientAnchor anchor = helper.createClientAnchor();
12 
13 // 图片插入坐标
14 anchor.setCol1(0);
15 anchor.setRow1(1);
16 // 插入图片
17 Picture pict = drawing.createPicture(anchor, pictureIdx);
18 pict.resize();

 

附录二
　　patriarch.createAnchor的源代码跟踪

 1 /**
 2  * Creates a new client anchor and sets the top-left and bottom-right
 3  * coordinates of the anchor.
 4  * 
 5  * Note: Microsoft Excel seems to sometimes disallow 
 6  * higher y1 than y2 or higher x1 than x2, you might need to 
 7  * reverse them and draw shapes vertically or horizontally flipped! 
 8  *
 9  * @param dx1  the x coordinate within the first cell.
10  * @param dy1  the y coordinate within the first cell.
11  * @param dx2  the x coordinate within the second cell.
12  * @param dy2  the y coordinate within the second cell.
13  * @param col1 the column (0 based) of the first cell.
14  * @param row1 the row (0 based) of the first cell.
15  * @param col2 the column (0 based) of the second cell.
16  * @param row2 the row (0 based) of the second cell.
17  */
18 public HSSFClientAnchor(int dx1, int dy1, int dx2, int dy2, short col1, int row1, short col2, int row2) {
19     super(dx1, dy1, dx2, dy2);
20 
21     checkRange(dx1, 0, 1023, "dx1");
22     checkRange(dx2, 0, 1023, "dx2");
23     checkRange(dy1, 0, 255, "dy1");
24     checkRange(dy2, 0, 255, "dy2");
25     checkRange(col1, 0, MAX_COL, "col1");
26     checkRange(col2, 0, MAX_COL, "col2");
27     checkRange(row1, 0, MAX_ROW, "row1");
28     checkRange(row2, 0, MAX_ROW, "row2");
29 
30     setCol1((short) Math.min(col1, col2));
31     setCol2((short) Math.max(col1, col2));
32     setRow1(Math.min(row1, row2));
33     setRow2(Math.max(row1, row2));
34 
35     if (col1 > col2){
36         _isHorizontallyFlipped = true;
37     }
38     if (row1 > row2){
39         _isVerticallyFlipped = true;
40     }
41 }

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