Since I have already found a solution to this problem wasting a day, I just want to share it:
This seems to be a problem of MATLAB MCR installation script designed for Linux by MATHWORKS. Furthermore, it is a result of a known Ubuntu bughttps://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/xorg/+bug/380360. To fix it, add your MCR to the $PATH as shown below:
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First make sure to add the missing files to the right folder, in terminal:
sudo cp /usr/local/MATLAB/MATLAB_Compiler_Runtime/v83/runtime/glnxa64/*/usr/local/MATLAB/MATLAB_Compiler_Runtime/v83/bin/glnxa64
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Add the proper library folder to your .profile, such that this change will stay after logout ubuntu: gedit .profile
In the end of the file add following lines:
#MATLAB MCR
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/MATLAB/MATLAB_Compiler_Runtime/v83/bin/glnxa64
export XAPPLRESDIR=/usr/local/MATLAB/MATLAB_Compiler_Runtime/v83/X11/app-defaults
export PATH=$PATH:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH=$PATH:$XAPPLRESDIR
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Invoke following code in the terminal to make sure that Ubuntu bug doesn‘t re-write your variable:
echo STARTUP=\"/usr/bin/env LD_LIBRARY_PATH=\${LD_LIBRARY_PATH} \${STARTUP}\" | sudo tee /etc/X11/Xsession.d/90preserve_ld_library_path
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Reboot
If this solution doesn‘t work, try to reinstall MATLAB MCR 8.3 from the MATHWORKS website and repeat the steps.
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=mcr_root/version/runtime/glnxa64:mcr_root/ve??rsion/bin/glnxa64:mc??r_root/version/sys/o??s/glnxa64:mcr_root/v??ersion/sys/opengl/li??b/glnxa64
, MATLAB Runtime Path Settings for Run-Time Deployment. – alr Mar 19 ‘16 at 15:21