网上图书商城项目学习笔记-006验证码功能

Posted 2020-06-08

一、使用方法

1.jsp中

1       <tr>
2         <td>&nbsp;</td>
3         <td>
4           <span class="verifyCodeImg"><img id="vCode" width="100" src="<c:url value=‘/VerifyCodeServlet‘/>" /></span>
5         </td>
6         <td><a href="javascript: _changeVerifyCode()">换一张</a></td>
7       </tr>
8       <tr>

2.web.xml中配置servlet

1   <!-- 生成验证码 -->
2   <servlet>
3       <servlet-name>VerifyCodeServlet</servlet-name>
4       <servlet-class>cn.itcast.vcode.servlet.VerifyCodeServlet</servlet-class>
5   </servlet>
6   <servlet-mapping>
7       <servlet-name>VerifyCodeServlet</servlet-name>
8       <url-pattern>/VerifyCodeServlet</url-pattern>
9   </servlet-mapping>

 

二、码代码

1.VerifyCodeServlet.java

 1 package cn.itcast.vcode.servlet;
 2 
 3 import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
 4 import java.io.IOException;
 5 
 6 import javax.servlet.ServletException;
 7 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
 8 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 9 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
10 
11 import cn.itcast.vcode.utils.VerifyCode;
12 
13 @SuppressWarnings("serial")
14 public class VerifyCodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
15     public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
16             throws ServletException, IOException {
17         VerifyCode vc = new VerifyCode();
18         BufferedImage image = vc.getImage();//获取一次性验证码图片
19         // 该方法必须在getImage()方法之后来调用
20 //        System.out.println(vc.getText());//获取图片上的文本
21         VerifyCode.output(image, response.getOutputStream());//把图片写到指定流中
22         
23         // 把文本保存到session中，为LoginServlet验证做准备
24         request.getSession().setAttribute("vCode", vc.getText());
25     }
26 }

2.VerifyCode.java

 1 package cn.itcast.vcode.utils;
 2 
 3 import java.awt.BasicStroke;
 4 import java.awt.Color;
 5 import java.awt.Font;
 6 import java.awt.Graphics2D;
 7 import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
 8 import java.io.IOException;
 9 import java.io.OutputStream;
10 import java.util.Random;
11 
12 import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
13 
14 public class VerifyCode {
15     private int w = 70;
16     private int h = 35;
17      private Random r = new Random();
18      // {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "华文新魏", "华文隶书", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"}
19     private String[] fontNames  = {"宋体", "华文楷体", "黑体", "微软雅黑", "楷体_GB2312"};
20     private String codes  = "23456789abcdefghjkmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHJKMNPQRSTUVWXYZ";
21     private Color bgColor  = new Color(255, 255, 255);
22     private String text ;
23     
24     private Color randomColor () {
25         int red = r.nextInt(150);
26         int green = r.nextInt(150);
27         int blue = r.nextInt(150);
28         return new Color(red, green, blue);
29     }
30     
31     private Font randomFont () {
32         int index = r.nextInt(fontNames.length);
33         String fontName = fontNames[index];
34         int style = r.nextInt(4);
35         int size = r.nextInt(5) + 24; 
36         return new Font(fontName, style, size);
37     }
38     
39     private void drawLine (BufferedImage image) {
40         int num  = 3;
41         Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();
42         for(int i = 0; i < num; i++) {
43             int x1 = r.nextInt(w);
44             int y1 = r.nextInt(h);
45             int x2 = r.nextInt(w);
46             int y2 = r.nextInt(h); 
47             g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.5F)); 
48             g2.setColor(Color.BLUE); 
49             g2.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);
50         }
51     }
52     
53     private char randomChar () {
54         int index = r.nextInt(codes.length());
55         return codes.charAt(index);
56     }
57     
58     private BufferedImage createImage () {
59         BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); 
60         Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics(); 
61         g2.setColor(this.bgColor);
62         g2.fillRect(0, 0, w, h);
63          return image;
64     }
65     
66     public BufferedImage getImage () {
67         BufferedImage image = createImage(); 
68         Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D)image.getGraphics();
69         StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
70         // 向图片中画4个字符
71         for(int i = 0; i < 4; i++)  {
72             String s = randomChar() + ""; 
73             sb.append(s); 
74             float x = i * 1.0F * w / 4; 
75             g2.setFont(randomFont()); 
76             g2.setColor(randomColor()); 
77             g2.drawString(s, x, h-5); 
78         }
79         this.text = sb.toString(); 
80         drawLine(image); 
81         return image;        
82     }
83     
84     public String getText () {
85         return text;
86     }
87     
88     public static void output (BufferedImage image, OutputStream out) 
89                 throws IOException {
90         ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", out);
91     }
92 }