CUBRID学习笔记 26 数据类型3

Posted 2020-06-24 横刀立马 醉卧山岗

接上面的集合

集合之 set 

每个集合元素是不同的值, 但是类型只能是一种.也可以有其他表的记录 如下

CREATE TABLE set_tbl ( col_1 set(CHAR(1)));

INSERT INTO set_tbl VALUES ({‘c‘,‘c‘,‘c‘,‘b‘,‘b‘,‘a‘});

INSERT INTO set_tbl VALUES ({NULL});

INSERT INTO set_tbl VALUES ({‘‘});

SELECT * FROM set_tbl;

  col_1

======================

{‘a‘, ‘b‘, ‘c‘}

{NULL}

{‘ ‘}

 

SELECT CAST(col_1 AS MULTISET), CAST(col_1 AS LIST) FROM set_tbl;

   cast(col_1 as multiset)   cast(col_1 as sequence)

============================================

  {‘a‘, ‘b‘, ‘c‘}  {‘a‘, ‘b‘, ‘c‘}

  {NULL}  {NULL}

  {‘ ‘}  {‘ ‘}

 

INSERT INTO set_tbl VALUES (‘‘);

 

ERROR: Cannot coerce ‘‘ to type set.

 

集合 MULTISET 

和set差不多.但是元素的内容可重复

CREATE TABLE multiset_tbl ( col_1 multiset(CHAR(1)));

INSERT INTO multiset_tbl VALUES ({‘c‘,‘c‘,‘c‘,‘b‘,‘b‘, ‘a‘});

SELECT * FROM multiset_tbl;

  col_1

======================

  {‘a‘, ‘b‘, ‘b‘, ‘c‘, ‘c‘, ‘c‘}

 

SELECT CAST(col_1 AS SET), CAST(col_1 AS LIST) FROM multiset_tbl;

   cast(col_1 as set)   cast(col_1 as sequence)

============================================

  {‘a‘, ‘b‘, ‘c‘}  {‘c‘, ‘c‘, ‘c‘, ‘b‘, ‘b‘, ‘a‘}

 

 

集合 之list

可重复的,但是是有序的.保持插入前的顺序.list本身不会对内容排序.

 

CREATE TABLE list_tbl ( col_1 list(CHAR(1)));

INSERT INTO list_tbl VALUES ({‘c‘,‘c‘,‘c‘,‘b‘,‘b‘, ‘a‘});

SELECT * FROM list_tbl;

  col_1

======================

  {‘c‘, ‘c‘, ‘c‘, ‘b‘, ‘b‘, ‘a‘}

 

SELECT CAST(col_1 AS SET), CAST(col_1 AS MULTISET) FROM list_tbl;

   cast(col_1 as set)  cast(col_1 as multiset)

============================================

  {‘a‘, ‘b‘, ‘c‘}  {‘a‘, ‘b‘, ‘b‘, ‘c‘, ‘c‘, ‘c‘}

 

 

隐式转换

 

From ＼ To	DATETIME	DATE	TIME	TIMESTAMP	DOUBLE	FLOAT	NUMERIC	BIGINT
DATETIME	-	O	O	O
DATE	O	-		O
TIME			-
TIMESTAMP	O	O	O	-
DOUBLE					-	O	O	O
FLOAT					O	-	O	O
NUMERIC					O	O	-	O
BIGINT					O	O	O	-
INT				O	O	O	O	O
SHORT					O	O	O	O
MONETARY					O	O	O	O
BIT
VARBIT
CHAR	O	O	O	O	O	O	O	O
VARCHAR	O	O	O	O	O	O	O	O
NCHAR	O	O	O	O	O	O	O	O
VARNCHAR	O	O	O	O	O	O	O	O

Implicit Type Conversion Table 2

From ＼ To	INT	SHORT	MONETARY	BIT	VARBIT	CHAR	VARCHAR	NCHAR	VARNCHAR
DATETIME						O	O	O	O
DATE						O	O	O	O
TIME						O	O	O	O
TIMESTAMP						O	O	O	O
DOUBLE	O	O	O			O	O	O	O
FLOAT	O	O	O			O	O	O	O
NUMERIC	O	O	O			O	O	O	O
BIGINT	O	O	O			O	O	O	O
INT	-	O	O			O	O	O	O
SHORT	O	-	O			O	O	O	O
MONETARY	O	O	-			O	O	O	O
BIT				-	O	O	O	O	O
VARBIT				O	-	O	O	O	O
CHAR	O	O	O	O	O	-	O	O	O
VARCHAR	O	O	O	O	O	O	-	O	O
NCHAR	O	O	O	O	O	O	O	-	O
VARNCHAR	O	O	O	O	O	O	O	O	-

 

 

转换规则

 

插入和修改

数据会转为目标列的数据类型

CREATE TABLE t(i INT);

INSERT INTO t VALUES(‘123‘);

 

SELECT * FROM t;

 

            i

=============

          123

 

函数

参数被转为函数的参数类型,如下  mod参数需要的是数字类型. 所以传入的字符串被转为数字

SELECT MOD(‘123‘,‘2‘);

 

           mod(‘123‘, ‘2‘)

==========================

     1.000000000000000e+00

    层次关系

• Date/Time Type (DATETIME > TIMESTAMP > DATE > TIME)
• Approximate Numeric Type (MONETARY > DOUBLE > FLOAT)
• Exact Numeric Type (NUMERIC > BIGINT > INT > SHORT)
• String Type (CHAR/NCHAR > VARCHAR/VARNCHAR)

 

比较操作

perand1 Type	operand2 Type	Conversion	Comparison
Numeric Type	Numeric Type	None	NUMERIC
	String Type	Converts operand2 to DOUBLE	NUMERIC
	Date/Time Type	None	N/a
String Type	Numeric Type	Converts operand1 to DOUBLE	NUMERIC
	String Type	None	String
	Date/Time Type	Converts operand1 to date/time type	Date/Time
Date/Time Type	Numeric Type	None	N/A
	String Type	Converts operand2 to date/time type	Date/Time
	Date/Time Type	Converts it to the type with higher priority	Date/Time

字段类型的转换

operand1 Type	operand2 Type	Conversion	Comparison
String type	Numeric type	Converts operand2 to the string type	String
	Date/Time type	Converts operand2 to the string type	String

 

If operand2 is a set operator(IS IN, IS NOT IN, = ALL, = ANY, < ALL, < ANY, <= ALL, <= ANY, >= ALL, >= ANY), the exception above is not applied.

如果operand2 是集合操作 如 IS IN, IS NOT IN, = ALL, = ANY, < ALL, < ANY, <= ALL, <= ANY, >= ALL, >= ANY, 则不适用

 

数字和字符串比较

字符串将被转换为dobule类型

CREATE TABLE t(i INT, s STRING);

INSERT INTO t VALUES(1,‘1‘),(2,‘2‘),(3,‘3‘),(4,‘4‘), (12,‘12‘);

 

SELECT i FROM t WHERE i < ‘11.3‘;

 

            i

=============

            1

            2

            3

            4

 

SELECT (‘2‘ <= 11);

 

     (‘2‘<11)

=============

            1

 

 

字符串和日期比较

字符串被转为日期

SELECT (‘2010-01-01‘ < date‘2010-02-02‘);

 

   (‘2010-01-01‘<date ‘2010-02-02‘)

==================================

                                1

 

SELECT (date‘2010-02-02‘ >= ‘2010-01-01‘);

 

字符串类型和系统的数字类型

数字被转为字符串

PREPARE s FROM ‘SELECT s FROM t WHERE s < ?‘;

EXECUTE s USING 11;

       s

===================

     ‘1‘

 

字符串类型和数字类型

数字被转为字符串

SELECT s FROM t WHERE s > 11;

       s

==================

     ‘2‘

     ‘3‘

     ‘4‘

     ‘12‘

 

SELECT s FROM t WHERE s BETWEEN 11 AND 33;

        s

======================

      ‘2‘

      ‘3‘

      ‘12‘

字符串和日期类型

日期转为字符串

SELECT s FROM t;

 

           s

======================

    ‘01/01/1998‘

    ‘01/01/1999‘

    ‘01/01/2000‘

 

SELECT s FROM t WHERE s <= date‘02/02/1998‘;

            s

======================

    ‘01/01/1998‘

    ‘01/01/1999‘

    ‘01/01/2000‘

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

  (date ‘2010-02-02‘>=‘2010-01-01‘)

===================================